5,782 research outputs found

    Modelling of the Supply Chain Planning for the Business and Economic Security

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    Abstractβ€” Strategic supply-chain planning that combines aspects of business-strategy formulation with aspects of tactical supply-chain planning can make each far more valuable to the planning effort than either would be alone. The purpose of this article is to assess the economic security of the enterprise in terms of the efficiency of the use of supply chain planning, taking into account the possibility of production and sale of manufactured products. In case of falling demand for products, there are free capacities in the enterprise, which are useful to use to organize the production of additional items. Underutilization of the enterprise leads to higher costs, lower profitability and lower revenues, thus reducing the interest of the owners in the enterprise and thus threatening its existence. The article proposes a system of mathematical models, which allows to effectively use the capacity of the enterprise to increase its profitability due to the self-contained production of additional nomenclature, due to the use of temporarily increasing capacity. As the main hypothesis in the construction of the model, it is assumed that the economic security of the enterprise is determined by the degree of satisfaction of the economic interests of persons interested in the results of its activities. Therefore, it is proposed to consider the economic security of the enterprise from the point of view of effective use of the assets of the enterprise, which creates prerequisites for timely and full fulfilment of mutual obligations by the enterprise on the one hand, and by the owner, personnel, clients, partners, the State on the other. The proposed system of mathematical models implies that the enterprise is oriented towards the production of mass products, the realization of which involves a certain risk. The model assumes that the enterprise produces several types of industrial nomenclature and has the possibility to organize the production of additional nomenclature using available free capacities. The proposed model is intended to assess the feasibility of production, determine the best value for money and thereby increase the profitability of the enterprise. The use of a system of models improves the current activities of the enterprise, the feasibility and effectiveness of the existing innovation policy for the renewal of the production programme. The article provides recommendations for practical use of the model.

    Нові Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ– Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ Π· ряду Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π² 4-(4- оксо -4H-Ρ…Ρ–Π½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π½-3-Ρ–Π»)-ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-1-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кислот

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    The methods for the synthesis of the substituted arylamides of 4-(4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acids using the technologies of the liquid-phase parallel synthesis have been developed. The structureΒ of the compounds obtained has been confi rmed by the data of the instrumental methods of organic analysis.Β The antibacterial activity of the compounds obtained has been studied using the agar β€œwell” diffusion methodΒ against the standard test-strains of microorganisms. The results of the screening performed have shown thatΒ all compounds inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis strains. The strains of ProteusΒ vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been found to be the most resistant. The SAR-analysis of theΒ substituted arylamides of 4-(4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acids has demonstrated that theΒ presence of the electron-donating substituents in position 8 of the quinazolin-4-one cycle and in position 4 ofΒ the aromatic fragment of the urea increases the activity of the compounds of this series against gram-positiveΒ bacteria. Such high effi cacy of the lead compounds against the gram-positive bacterial strains can be appliedΒ for creating the narrow spectrum antibiotics derived from arylamides of 4-(4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acids.Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ синтСза Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² 4-(4-оксо-4H-Ρ…ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΈΠ»)-ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-1-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… кислот с использованиСм Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡ„Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синтСза. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… соСдинСний ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ синтСзированных вСщСств исслСдована ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Β«ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ†Π΅Π²Β» с ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΒ ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСст-ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ². По Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ экспСримСнта установлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ всС соСдинСния ΡƒΠ³Π½Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ рост Staphylococcus aureus ΠΈ Bacillus subtilis, Π° Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² сравнСния. НаиболСС стойкими ΠΊ исслСдуСмым вСщСствам оказались Proteus vulgaris ΠΈ Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ SAR-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· для ряда ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² 4-(4-оксо-4H-Ρ…ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΈΠ»)-ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-1-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… кислот, согласно ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ установлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ элСктронодонорных замСститСлСй Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 8 Ρ…ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 4 Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ активности Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ряда соСдинСний ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ бактСриям. НаличиС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ активности соСдинСний-Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² позволяСт Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ пСрспСктивности создания Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ спСктра дСйствия Π½Π° основС Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² 4-(4-оксо-4H-Ρ…ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½-3-ΠΈΠ»)-ΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-1-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… кислот.Π ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ синтСзу Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π² 4-(4-оксо-4H-Ρ…Ρ–Π½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π½-3-Ρ–Π»)-ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-1-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кислот Π· використанням Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ— Ρ€Ρ–Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ„Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синтСзу. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ… сполук ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ„Ρ–Π·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π² Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ. ΠΠ½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ синтСзованих рСчовин дослідТСна ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ «колодязів» Ρ–Π· використанням стандартних тСст-ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΡ–Π² ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡ–Π². Π—Π° Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ СкспСримСнту встановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ всі сполуки ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³Π½Ρ–Ρ‡ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ріст Staphylococcus aureusΒ Ρ‚Π° Bacillus subtilis, Π° дСякі Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ–Π² порівняння. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ стійкими до дослідТуваних Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ виявились Proteus vulgaris Ρ‚Π° Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ SAR-аналіз для ряду ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π² 4-(4-оксо-4H-Ρ…Ρ–Π½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π½-3-Ρ–Π»)-ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-1-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кислот,Β Π·Π³Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ Π· яким встановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΈΡ… замісників Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ– 8 Ρ…Ρ–Π½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π½-4-ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΒ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ– 4 Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρƒ сСчовини ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ підвищСння Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ—Β Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ряду Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–ΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡ— активності сполук-Π»Ρ–Π΄Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π² ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΡ–Π² ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡ–Π² дозволяє Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ створСння Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ–Π² Π²ΡƒΠ·ΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ спСктра Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π°  основі Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π² 4-(4-оксо-4H-Ρ…Ρ–Π½Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π½-3-Ρ–Π»)-ΠΏΡ–ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½-1-ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кислот

    Computer Microscopy of Biological Fluid Dry Patterns for Medical Diagnostics

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    We elaborate hardware and software system that implements the principle of diagnosis based on the standard procedure of pattern preparation including digital recognition of image and its computer analysis based on specially developed algorithms by comparing with the expert descriptors and extensive database of dry pattern samples obtained from clinical treatments which include more than 1500 samples to high selective and accuracy recognition of pathologies, for recognition of wide range of pathologies, in particular, the endogenous intoxication. Keywords: biological fluids, image analysis, medical diagnostics, endogenous intoxication

    Effect of cations (Mg2+, Zn2+, Cd2+) on formation of the mineral phase in Ca(NO3)2-Mg(NO3)2-Na2HPO4-H2O system

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    Synthesis of hydroxyapatite in the system Ca(NO3)2-Me(NO3)2-NaHPO4-H2O with pH in the range of 6-12.2 is performed, and hydroxyapatite of B-type is formed. The effect of magnesium, zinc and cadmium ions on the properties of hydroxyapatite is studied. It is shown that as the concentration of these ions increases, the crystallinity of hydroxyapatite and the Ca/P ratio decreases. It is found that in all the experiments Zn2+ cations affect the hydroxyapatite structure to a lesser extent which results in less structural defects, wherein the Ca/P ratio attains the highest values. It is shown that the solubility of the samples containing zinc ions is greater than that of the samples with other additives

    Effect of cations (Mg2+, Zn2+, Cd2+) on formation of the mineral phase in Ca(NO3)2-Mg(NO3)2-Na2HPO4-H2O system

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    Synthesis of hydroxyapatite in the system Ca(NO3)2-Me(NO3)2-NaHPO4-H2O with pH in the range of 6-12.2 is performed, and hydroxyapatite of B-type is formed. The effect of magnesium, zinc and cadmium ions on the properties of hydroxyapatite is studied. It is shown that as the concentration of these ions increases, the crystallinity of hydroxyapatite and the Ca/P ratio decreases. It is found that in all the experiments Zn2+ cations affect the hydroxyapatite structure to a lesser extent which results in less structural defects, wherein the Ca/P ratio attains the highest values. It is shown that the solubility of the samples containing zinc ions is greater than that of the samples with other additives

    Conformal Transformations of the Wigner Function and Solutions of the Quantum Corrected Vlasov Equation

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    We study conformal properties of the quantum kinetic equations in curved spacetime. A transformation law for the covariant Wigner function under conformal transformations of a spacetime is derived by using the formalism of tangent bundles. The conformal invariance of the quantum corrected Vlasov equation is proven. This provides a basis for generating new solutions of the quantum kinetic equations in the presence of gravitational and other external fields. We use our method to find explicit quantum corrections to the class of locally isotropic distributions, to which equilibrium distributions belong. We show that the quantum corrected stress--energy tensor for such distributions has, in general, a non--equilibrium structure. Local thermal equilibrium is possible in quantum systems only if an underlying spacetime is conformally static (not stationary). Possible applications of our results are discussed.Comment: 30 page

    Domain formation by ion beam in lithium niobate crystal with suppression of surface charging by electron and UV-flood guns

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    The equipment of the Ural Center for Shared Use β€œModern nanotechnology” Ural Federal University was used. The research was made possible by the Russian Science Foundation (grant β„– 17-72-10152)

    Etched distributed Bragg reflectors as three-dimensional photonic crystals: photonic bands and density of states

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    The photonic band dispersion and density of states (DOS) are calculated for the three-dimensional (3D) hexagonal structure corresponding to a distributed Bragg reflector patterned with a 2D triangular lattice of circular holes. Results for the Si/SiO2_2 and GaAs/AlGaAs systems determine the optimal parameters for which a gap in the 2D plane occurs and overlaps the 1D gap of the multilayer. The DOS is considerably reduced in correspondence with the overlap of 2D and 1D gaps. Also, the local density of states (i.e., the DOS weighted with the squared electric field at a given point) has strong variations depending on the position. Both results imply substantial changes of spontaneous emission rates and patterns for a local emitter embedded in the structure and make this system attractive for the fabrication of a 3D photonic crystal with controlled radiative properties.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.

    Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π·, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– характСристики Ρ‚Π° Π±Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ

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    Aim. To synthesize the series of 7-arenesulfonyl-3-arylmethyl-1,3,7-triazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-dione, to study their spectral properties and antibacterial activity.Materials and methods. The methods of organic synthesis, instrumental methods of organic compounds analysis, as well as the agar diffusion method were used.Results and discussion. By the interaction of 3-arymethyl-1,3,7-triazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-diones with arenesulfonyl cholrides in the presence of triethylamine the series of 7-arenesulfonyl-3-arylmethyl-1,3,7-triazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-dione was obtained. For the compounds containing the fragments of 1-sulfonylamido-(2,4)- and 3,4-difluorobenzene the 1H-1H coupling constants in their 1H{19F}-NMR fluorine decoupled spectra, as well as the 19F-19F coupling constants in the 19F{1H}-NMR proton decoupled spectra were measured. The antimicrobial activity screening showed that the growth of such bacterial strains as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis was inhibited by the compounds of the series obtained.Conclusions. It has been found that the interaction of 3-arymethyl-1,3,7-triazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-diones with arenesulfonyl cholrides is an effective way for the synthesis of 7-arenesulfonyl-3-arylmethyl-1,3,7-triazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-diones with the promising biological activity against the strains of gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. Among 7-arenesulfonyl-3-arylmethyl-1,3,7-triazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-dione derivatives 3-(3-methylbenzyl)-7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-1,3,7-triazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-dione exhibited the highest activity. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ – синтСз ряда 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспиро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², исслСдованиС ΠΈΡ… ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… характСристик ΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ активности.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ органичСского синтСза, ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ опрСдСлСния структуры органичСских соСдинСний, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π°Π³Π°Ρ€.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… обсуТдСниС. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ взаимодСйствии 3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспиро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² с Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² присутствии триэтиламина Π±Ρ‹Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ ряд ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспиро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. Для соСдинСний, содСрТащих 1-ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΎ-(2,4)- ΠΈ 3,4-Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‹ константы спин-спинового взаимодСйствия Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄-Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ Π² 1Н{19F}-ЯМР-спСктрах с ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ взаимодСйствия Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄-Ρ„Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ константы спин-спинового взаимодСйствия Ρ„Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€-Ρ„Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ Π² 19F{1Н} ЯМР-спСктрах. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ микробиологичСского скрининга ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Staphylococcus aureus ΠΈ Bacillus subtilis, Ρ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΊ соСдинСниям исслСдуСмого ряда.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. УстановлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ взаимодСйствиС 3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспиро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² с Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ являСтся эффСктивным ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ синтСза 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспиро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΠΌ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΉ Staphylococcus aureus ΠΈ Bacillus subtilis. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ряду Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспиро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² проявил 3-(3-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»)-7-(Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠΎΠ»-4-ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»)-1,3,7-триазаспиро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ – синтСз ряду 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π², дослідТСння Ρ—Ρ… ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… характСристик Ρ‚Π° Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— активності.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синтСзу, Ρ–Π½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ встановлСння Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… сполук, ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΈΡ„ΡƒΠ·Ρ–Ρ— Π² Π°Π³Π°Ρ€. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… обговорСння. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Ρ— 3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Π· Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² присутності Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½Ρƒ Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΎ ряд ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. Для сполук, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΌΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡΡ‚ΡŒ 1-ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Π½Ρ–Π»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄ΠΎ-(2,4)- Ρ‚Π° 3,4-Π΄ΠΈΡ„Π»ΡƒΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π·Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ– Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ, виміряні константи спін-спінової Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Ρ— Π“Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½-Π“Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ Ρƒ 1Н{19F}-ЯМР-спСктрах Π· пригнічСнням Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Ρ— Π“Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½-Π€Π»ΡƒΠΎΡ€, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ константи спін-спінової Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Ρ— Π€Π»ΡƒΠΎΡ€-Π€Π»ΡƒΠΎΡ€ Ρƒ 19F{1Н} ЯМР-спСктрах. Π”Π°Π½Ρ– ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ скринінгу ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ– Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Ρ—, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ– як Staphylococcus aureus Ρ‚Π° Bacillus subtilis Ρ” Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ сполук дослідТуваного ряду. Висновки. ВстановлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ взаємодія 3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Π· Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ” Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ синтСзу 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π², які ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ пСрспСктивну Π±Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΡ–Π² Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–ΠΉ Staphylococcus aureus Ρ‚Π° Bacillus subtilis. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆΡƒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ряду Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… 7-Π°Ρ€Π΅Π½ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π»-3-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² проявив 3-(3-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»)-7-(Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠ΅Π½-4-ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π»)-1,3,7-триазаспіро[4.4]Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½-2,4-Π΄Ρ–ΠΎΠ½.

    Vortex Plastic Motion in Twinned Superconductors

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    We present simulations, without electrodynamical assumptions, of B(x,y,H(t)),M(H(t))B(x,y,H(t)), M(H(t)), and Jc(H(t))J_c(H(t)), in hard superconductors, for a variety of twin-boundary pinning potential parameters, and for a range of values of the density and strength of the pinning sites. We numerically solve the overdamped equations of motion of up to 10^4 flux-gradient-driven vortices which can be temporarily trapped at ∼106\sim 10^6 pinning centers. These simulations relate macroscopic measurements (e.g., M(H), ``flame'' shaped B(x,y)B(x,y) profiles) with the underlying microscopic pinning landscape and the plastic dynamics of individual vortices
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