The big five: Discovering linguistic characteristics that typify distinct personality traits across Yahoo! answers members

Indexación: Scopus.This work was partially supported by the project FONDECYT “Bridging the Gap between Askers and Answers in Community Question Answering Services” (11130094) funded by the Chilean Government.In psychology, it is widely believed that there are five big factors that determine the different personality traits: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Neuroticism as well as Openness. In the last years, researchers have started to examine how these factors are manifested across several social networks like Facebook and Twitter. However, to the best of our knowledge, other kinds of social networks such as social/informational question-answering communities (e.g., Yahoo! Answers) have been left unexplored. Therefore, this work explores several predictive models to automatically recognize these factors across Yahoo! Answers members. As a means of devising powerful generalizations, these models were combined with assorted linguistic features. Since we do not have access to ask community members to volunteer for taking the personality test, we built a study corpus by conducting a discourse analysis based on deconstructing the test into 112 adjectives. Our results reveal that it is plausible to lessen the dependency upon answered tests and that effective models across distinct factors are sharply different. Also, sentiment analysis and dependency parsing proven to be fundamental to deal with extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness. Furthermore, medium and low levels of neuroticism were found to be related to initial stages of depression and anxiety disorders. © 2018 Lithuanian Institute of Philosophy and Sociology. All rights reserved.https://www.cys.cic.ipn.mx/ojs/index.php/CyS/article/view/275

Session 2: \u3cem\u3eThe Effect of Boom Leveling on Spray Dispersion\u3c/em\u3e

Self-propelled sprayers are commonly used in agriculture to disperse agrichemicals. These sprayers commonly have two boom wings with dozens of nozzles that disperse the chemicals. Automatic boom height systems reduce the variability of agricultural sprayer boom height, which is important to reduce uneven spray dispersion if the boom is not at the target height. A computational model was created to simulate the spray dispersion under the following conditions: a) one stationary nozzle based on the measured spray pattern from one nozzle, b) one stationary model due to an angled boom, c) superposition of multiple stationary nozzles due an angled boom, and d) superposition of multiple nozzles given the inputs of measured boom heights and the position of the sprayer over a field in time. The effect of boom leveling on spray dispersion was compared for three boom leveling systems on two sprayers (Systems A and B on a John Deere R4045, Systems B and C on an AGCO RoGator 1100C). For each boom leveling system, the measured boom height and sprayer position in time for one run was used (medium terrain course at 26 kph (16 mph)) [Burgers et al. Appl. Eng. Agric. 2021]. For each run, a coverage map was calculated with the measured boom heights and a reference level boom; the spray application error was calculated as the difference between them. The area for which the application error was less than 10% was 34.4 and 56.6% for Systems A and B on the R4045, respectively, and 45.0 and 59.3% for Systems C and B on the RoGator, respectively. This model can be used to quantify and compare coverage maps from boom leveling systems

Comparison of Large-Scale Vented Deflagration Tests to CFD Simulations for Partially Congested Enclosures

PresentationThis paper presents a comparison between the results from a test program carried out to characterize the blast load environment within BakerRisk’s Deflagration Load Generator (DLG) test rig, and predictions made using the FLACS computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The test data was also compared to internal peak pressure predictions made using the National Fire Protection Association’s Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting (NFPA 68) [1]. The purpose of these tests was to provide data for comparison with standard methods used to predict internal blast loads in a vented deflagration. The tests also provided a characterization of the internal DLG blast load environment for equipment qualification testing. The DLG test rig is 48 feet wide × 24 feet deep × 12 feet tall and is enclosed by three solid walls, a roof, and floor, with venting through one of the long walls (i.e., 48-foot by 12-foot). During testing, the venting face of the rig was sealed with a 6 mil (0.15 mm) thick plastic vapor barrier to allow for the formation of a near-stoichiometric propane-air mixture throughout the rig. The flammable gas cloud was ignited near the center of the rear wall. Congestion inside the rig was provided by a regular array of vertical cylinders (2-inch outer diameter) that occupied the rear half of the rig; the front half of the rig was uncongested (i.e., as would be the case for equipment qualification testing). Forty-three pressure transducers were deployed internal and external to the rig to measure blast pressure histories. Three series of tests were conducted with congestion levels varying from an area blockage ratio (ABR) of 11% in Test Series A to ABR values of 7.6% and 4.2%, respectively, in Test Series B and C. The obstacle-to-enclosure surface area ratio (Ar), a perameter used within the NFPA 68 correlations to quantify congestion, was equal to 0.45, 0.32, and 0.17 for test series A, B and C, respectively. The peak pressures and impulses for each test are provided, along with pressure histories internal and external to the rig for selected tests. Comparisons of the test data t

A model for stem cell population dynamics with regulated maturation delay

We develop a structured population model for the maturation process of stem cells in the form of a state-dependent delay differential equation. Moreover, results on existence, uniqueness and positivity of solutions as well as conditions of existence for equilibria and representations of these are established. We give biological interpretations for the conditions of existence of equilibria

Global dynamics of two-compartment models for cell production systems with regulatory mechanisms

We present a global stability analysis of two-compartment models of a hierarchical cell production system with a nonlinear regulatory feedback loop. The models describe cell differentiation processes with the stem cell division rate or the self-renewal fraction regulated by the number of mature cells. The two-compartment systems constitute a basic version of the multicompartment models proposed recently by Marciniak-Czochra and collaborators [25] to investigate the dynamics of the hematopoietic system. Using global stability analysis, we compare different regulatory mechanisms. For both models, we show that there exists a unique positive equilibrium that is globally asymptotically stable if and only if the respective reproduction numbers exceed one. The proof is based on constructing Lyapunov functions, which are appropriate to handle the specific nonlinearities of the model. Additionally, we propose a new model to test biological hypothesis on the regulation of the fraction of differentiating cells. We show that such regulatory mechanism is incapable of maintaining homeostasis and leads to unbounded cell growth. Potential biological implications are discussed

Encapsulation of gold nanostructures and oil-in-water nanocarriers in microgels with biomedical potential

Indexación: Scopus.Funding: This research was funded by FONDECYT 1161450, 1150744, 11130494 and 1170929, FONDEQUIP EQM160157, EQM170111, CONICYT-FONDAP 15130011, and CONICYT PhD Scholarship 21141137.Here we report the incorporation of gold nanostructures (nanospheres or nanorods, functionalized with carboxylate-end PEG) and curcumin oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions (CurNem) into alginate microgels using the dripping technique. While gold nanostructures are promising nanomaterials for photothermal therapy applications, CurNem possess important pharmacological activities as reported here. In this sense, we evaluated the effect of CurNem on cell viability of both cancerous and non-cancerous cell lines (AGS and HEK293T, respectively), demonstrating preferential toxicity in cancer cells and safety for the non-cancerous cells. After incorporating gold nanostructures and CurNem together into the microgels, microstructures with diameters of 220 and 540 µm were obtained. When stimulating microgels with a laser, the plasmon effect promoted a significant rise in the temperature of the medium; the temperature increase was higher for those containing gold nanorods (11–12 ◦ C) than nanospheres (1–2 ◦ C). Interestingly, the incorporation of both nanosystems in the microgels maintains the photothermal properties of the gold nanostructures unmodified and retains with high efficiency the curcumin nanocarriers. We conclude that these results will be of interest to design hydrogel formulations with therapeutic applications. © 2018 by the authors.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/5/120

Economy-wide rebound makes UK's electric car subsidy fall short of expectations

Environmental policies often underperform due to so-called rebound effects, namely behavioural and systemic responses to technical change leading to additional consumption and environmental damage. While evidence of rebound is abundant, studies generally focus on technical changes that are neither associated with specific technologies nor their production costs, making it difficult to connect these changes with the policies governing them. To overcome this limitation, this study proposes to combine a technology-rich model based on life cycle assessment and a behaviour-optimising model for the global economy based on computable general equilibrium modelling. This approach allows to quantify policy-induced economy-wide rebound effects for four relevant environmental impacts: climate change, acidification, photochemical ozone formation, and particulate matter. We apply this approach to evaluate the effectiveness of the United Kingdom's subsidy on electric cars. The results show notable economy-wide rebound effects associated with this subsidy: over or close to 100% (no environmental benefits) for acidification and particulate matter impacts, and a lower, yet notable, magnitude for climate change (~20–50%) and photochemical ozone formation (~30–80%) impacts. The results also show the important role of macro-economic effects from price changes, particularly how the shift from petrol to electricity triggered additional demand for cheaper petrol

Recombinant Listeria monocytogenes expressing a cell wall-associated listeriolysin O is weakly virulent but immunogenic

Listeriolysin O (LLO) is an essential virulence factor for the gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Our goal was to determine if altering the topology of LLO would alter the virulence and toxicity of L. monocytogenes in vivo. A recombinant strain was generated that expressed a surface-associated LLO (sLLO) variant secreted at 40-fold-lower levels than the wild type. In culture, the sLLO strain grew in macrophages, translocated to the cytosol, and induced cell death. However, the sLLO strain showed decreased infectivity, reduced lymphocyte apoptosis, and decreased virulence despite a normal in vitro phenotype. Thus, the topology of LLO in L. monocytogenes was a factor in the pathogenesis of the infection and points to a role of LLO secretion during in vivo infection. The sLLO strain was cleared by severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Despite the attenuation of virulence, the sLLO strain was immunogenic and capable of eliciting protec-tive T-cell responses. Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive facultative intra-cellular pathogen extensively used to understand host-patho-gen interactions (44, 51, 53). It expresses the highly conserved pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO), a member of a large family of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins found in many im