USO DE GEOTECNOLOGIAS PARA O MAPEAMENTO INTEGRADO DE PAISAGENS NO SERTÃO PERNAMBUCANO (NE-BRASIL)

No estudo do processo de desertificação é fundamental o uso de abordagens integradas da paisagem com a utilização conjunta de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) e dados de Sensoriamento Remoto No contexto do sensoriamento remoto foram utilizadas imagens digitais CBERS 2 – CCD sobretudo na classificação da dinâmica da cobertura vegetal e dados SRTM no Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) e no mapeamento geomorfológico da área. O geoprocessamento foi utilizado principalmente para os mapeamentos integrados da paisagem, com a delimitação dos geossistemas e das geofácies. Foram, ainda, realizadas as análises integradas dos resultados com ênfase nos dados de campo, a partir da análise de agrupamentos. O mapeamento das unidades geossistêmicas foi gerado com ênfase nos aspectos físicos, ecológicos e antrópicos. A delimitação das geofácies foi baseada nos critérios da dinâmica da cobertura vegetal e da antropização das unidades de paisagem. A análise de agrupamento revelou alguns padrões que remetem a relações envolvendo a integração de variáveis paisagísticas com a distribuição fitogeográfica da área. Por fim, este trabalho avançou mais um passo na direção da aplicação mais efetiva dos produtos e metodologias de sensoriamento remoto e SIG em estudos paisagísticos e de desertificação com uma abordagem complexa e integrada. Palavras-chave: Sensoriamento remoto. Geoprocessamento. Ecologia da paisagem. Geossistemas

Entropy based routing for mobile, low power and lossy wireless sensors networks

[EN] Routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks is a routing solution specifically developed for wireless sensor networks, which does not quickly rebuild topology of mobile networks. In this article, we propose a mechanism based on mobility entropy and integrate it into the corona RPL (CoRPL) mechanism, which is an extension of the IPv6 routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL). We extensively evaluated our proposal with a simulator for Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks. The mobility entropy-based mechanism, called CoRPL+E, considers the displacement of nodes as a deciding factor to define the links through which nodes communicate. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism, when compared to CoRPL mechanism, is effective in reducing packet loss and latency in simulated mobile routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks. From the simulation results, one can see that the CoRPL+E proposal mechanism provides a packet loss reduction rate of up to 50% and delays reduction by up to 25% when compared to CoRPL mechanism.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by SIDIA Institute of Science and Technology, by Coordenacao de Aperfeicxoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM)-support programs (Programa Primeiros Projetos (PPP) and Programa de Tecnologia da Informacao na Amazonia (PROTI)-Amazonia-Mobilidade), by Camara Tecnica de Reconstrucao e Recuperacao de Infraestrutura (CT-INFRA) of Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia, Inovacoes e Comunicacoes(MCTI)/Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), and by Secretaria de Estado de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao Amazonas (SECTI-AM) and Government of Amazon State, Brazil.Carvalho, C.; Mota, E.; Ferraz, E.; Seixas, P.; Souza, P.; Tavares, V.; Lucena Filho, W.... (2019). Entropy based routing for mobile, low power and lossy wireless sensors networks. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks (Online). 15(7):1-19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147719866134S119157Blanco-Novoa, O., Fernández-Caramés, T., Fraga-Lamas, P., & Castedo, L. (2018). A Cost-Effective IoT System for Monitoring Indoor Radon Gas Concentration. Sensors, 18(7), 2198. doi:10.3390/s18072198Ding, X., Tian, Y., & Yu, Y. (2016). A Real-Time Big Data Gathering Algorithm Based on Indoor Wireless Sensor Networks for Risk Analysis of Industrial Operations. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 12(3), 1232-1242. doi:10.1109/tii.2015.2436337Rashid, B., & Rehmani, M. H. (2016). Applications of wireless sensor networks for urban areas: A survey. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 60, 192-219. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2015.09.008Laurindo, S., Moraes, R., Nassiffe, R., Montez, C., & Vasques, F. (2018). An Optimized Relay Selection Technique to Improve the Communication Reliability in Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors, 18(10), 3263. doi:10.3390/s18103263Airehrour, D., Gutierrez, J., & Ray, S. K. (2016). Secure routing for internet of things: A survey. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 66, 198-213. doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2016.03.006Mesodiakaki, A., Zola, E., Santos, R., & Kassler, A. (2018). Optimal user association, backhaul routing and switching off in 5G heterogeneous networks with mesh millimeter wave backhaul links. Ad Hoc Networks, 78, 99-114. doi:10.1016/j.adhoc.2018.05.008Marszałek, Z., Woźniak, M., & Połap, D. (2018). Fully Flexible Parallel Merge Sort for Multicore Architectures. Complexity, 2018, 1-19. doi:10.1155/2018/8679579Fotouhi, H., Moreira, D., & Alves, M. (2015). mRPL: Boosting mobility in the Internet of Things. Ad Hoc Networks, 26, 17-35. doi:10.1016/j.adhoc.2014.10.009Barcelo, M., Correa, A., Vicario, J. L., Morell, A., & Vilajosana, X. (2016). Addressing Mobility in RPL With Position Assisted Metrics. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(7), 2151-2161. doi:10.1109/jsen.2015.2500916Bouaziz, M., Rachedi, A., & Belghith, A. (2019). EKF-MRPL: Advanced mobility support routing protocol for internet of mobile things: Movement prediction approach. Future Generation Computer Systems, 93, 822-832. doi:10.1016/j.future.2017.12.015Fotouhi, H., Moreira, D., Alves, M., & Yomsi, P. M. (2017). mRPL+: A mobility management framework in RPL/6LoWPAN. Computer Communications, 104, 34-54. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2017.01.020Iova, O., Picco, P., Istomin, T., & Kiraly, C. (2016). RPL: The Routing Standard for the Internet of Things... Or Is It? IEEE Communications Magazine, 54(12), 16-22. doi:10.1109/mcom.2016.1600397cmFotouhi, H., Alves, M., Zamalloa, M. Z., & Koubaa, A. (2014). Reliable and Fast Hand-Offs in Low-Power Wireless Networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 13(11), 2620-2633. doi:10.1109/tmc.2014.2307867Kamgueu, P. O., Nataf, E., & Ndie, T. D. (2018). Survey on RPL enhancements: A focus on topology, security and mobility. Computer Communications, 120, 10-21. doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2018.02.011Park, J., Kim, K.-H., & Kim, K. (2017). An Algorithm for Timely Transmission of Solicitation Messages in RPL for Energy-Efficient Node Mobility. Sensors, 17(4), 899. doi:10.3390/s17040899Stanoev, A., Filiposka, S., In, V., & Kocarev, L. (2016). Cooperative method for wireless sensor network localization. Ad Hoc Networks, 40, 61-72. doi:10.1016/j.adhoc.2016.01.003Wallgren, L., Raza, S., & Voigt, T. (2013). Routing Attacks and Countermeasures in the RPL-Based Internet of Things. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 9(8), 794326. doi:10.1155/2013/794326Raza, S., Wallgren, L., & Voigt, T. (2013). SVELTE: Real-time intrusion detection in the Internet of Things. Ad Hoc Networks, 11(8), 2661-2674. doi:10.1016/j.adhoc.2013.04.014Zhang, K., Liang, X., Lu, R., & Shen, X. (2014). 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Higuchi fractal dimension applied to RR intervals in children with Attention Defi cit Hyperactivity Disorder

Background: Attention defi cit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is categorized by a lowered attention span, recklessness, and hyperactivity. Autonomic nervous system inequality has previously been studied using the same data by chaotic global techniques. We aim to compare the autonomic function of children with ADHD and controls by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV). Methods: 28 children with ADHD (22 boys, mean age 10.0 years ± 1.9 years) and 28 controls (15 boys, mean age 9.9 years ± 1.8 years) rested in supine position with spontaneous breathing for 20 minutes. Heart rate was recorded beat by beat. HRV analysis was performed by Higuchi Fractal Dimension technique. Results: ADHD promoted an increase in the Higuchi Fractal Dimension. The optimum value of Kmax was 10. Conclusion: ADHD signifi cantly altered cardiac autonomic modulation as measured by the Higuchi fractal dimension of HRV. It can therefore be stated that ADHD has increased the complexity of the HRV  signal through cardiac autonomic modulation

Fractal correlation property of heart rate variability in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: It was reported that autonomic nervous system function is altered in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated short-and long-term fractal exponents of heart rate variability (HRV) in COPD subjects.Patients and methods: We analyzed data from 30 volunteers, who were divided into two groups according to spirometric values: COPD (n = 15) and control (n = 15). for analysis of HRV indices, HRV was recorded beat by beat with the volunteers in the supine position for 30 minutes. We analyzed the linear indices in the time (SDNN [standard deviation of normal to normal] and RMSSD [root-mean square of differences]) and frequency domains (low frequency [LF], high frequency [HF], and LF/HF), and the short-and long-term fractal exponents were obtained by detrended fluctuation analysis. We considered P < 0.05 to be a significant difference.Results: COPD patients presented reduced levels of all linear exponents and decreased short-term fractal exponent (alpha-1: 0.899 +/- 0.18 versus 1.025 +/- 0.09, P = 0.026). There was no significant difference between COPD and control groups in alpha-2 and alpha-1/alpha-2 ratio.Conclusion: COPD subjects present reduced short-term fractal correlation properties of HRV, which indicates that this index can be used for risk stratification, assessment of systemic disease manifestations, and therapeutic procedures to monitor those patients.Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP)Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Fisioterapia, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina Cardiol, Dept Med, São Paulo, BrazilFac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Dept Cardiol & Cirurgia Cardiovasc, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Londrina, Lab Pesquisa Fisioterapia Pulm, Dept Fisioterapia, Londrina, BrazilFac Med ABC, Dept Morfol & Fisiol, Santo Andre, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Disciplina Cardiol, Dept Med, São Paulo, BrazilFUNDUNESP: 00704/08 - DFPWeb of Scienc

Anti-Hypertensive Drugs Have Different Effects on Ventricular Hypertrophy Regression

OBJECTIVES: There is a direct relationship between the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and a decreased risk of mortality. This investigation aimed to describe the effects of anti-hypertensive drugs on cardiac hypertrophy through a meta-analysis of the literature. METHODS: The Medline (via PubMed), Lilacs and Scielo databases were searched using the subject keywords cardiac hypertrophy, antihypertensive and mortality. We aimed to analyze the effect of anti-hypertensive drugs on ventricle hypertrophy. RESULTS: The main drugs we described were enalapril, verapamil, nifedipine, indapamina, losartan, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and atenolol. These drugs are usually used in follow up programs, however, the studies we investigated used different protocols. Enalapril (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) and verapamil (Ca++ channel blocker) caused hypertrophy to regress in LVH rats. The effects of enalapril and nifedipine (Ca++ channel blocker) were similar. Indapamina (diuretic) had a stronger effect than enalapril, and losartan (angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist) produced better results than atenolol (selective &#946;1 receptor antagonist) with respect to LVH regression. CONCLUSION: The anti-hypertensive drugs induced various degrees of hypertrophic regression

RELAÇÃO ENTRE A REGULAÇÃO AUTONÔMICA CARDÍACA E MECANISMOS AUDITIVOS: IMPORTÂNCIA PARA O CRESCIMENTO E DESENVOLVIMENTO

The literature has already demonstrated that auditory stimulation with music influences thecardiovascular system. In this study, we performed a literature review in order to investigate therelationship between auditory mechanisms and cardiac autonomic regulation. The selected studiesindicated that there is a strong correlation between noise intensity and vagal-sympathetic balance.Also, it was reported that music therapy improved heart rate variability in anthracycline-treatedbreast cancer patients. It was hypothesized that dopamine release in the striatal system induced bypleasure songs are involved in the cardiac autonomic regulation. Further studies are necessary toadd new elements in the literature to improve new therapies to treat cardiovascular disorders.A literatura já demonstrou que a estimulação auditiva por meio de música influencia o sistemacardiovascular. Neste estudo, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura, a fim de investigar a relaçãoentre os mecanismos auditivos e a regulação autonômica cardíaca. Os estudos selecionados indicaramforte correlação entre a intensidade do ruído e o equilíbrio simpatovagal. Além disso, foi relatadoque a terapia com música melhorou a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca em pacientes com câncerde mama tratados com antraciclinas. Postula-se que a dopamina liberada no sistema estriatal,induzida por canções alegres, está envolvida na regulação autonômica. Estudos posteriores sãonecessários para adicionar novos elementos na literatura, para melhorar a novas terapias e para otratar doenças cardiovasculares

Evaluation of movements of lower limbs in non-professional ballet dancers: hip abduction and flexion

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The literature indicated that the majority of professional ballet dancers present static and active dynamic range of motion difference between left and right lower limbs, however, no previous study focused this difference in non-professional ballet dancers. In this study we aimed to evaluate active movements of the hip in non-professional classical dancers.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We evaluated 10 non professional ballet dancers (16-23 years old). We measured the active range of motion and flexibility through Well Banks. We compared active range of motion between left and right sides (hip flexion and abduction) and performed correlation between active movements and flexibility.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was a small difference between the right and left sides of the hip in relation to the movements of flexion and abduction, which suggest the dominant side of the subjects, however, there was no statistical significance. Bank of Wells test revealed statistical difference only between the 1^stand the 3^rdmeasurement. There was no correlation between the movements of the hip (abduction and flexion, right and left sides) with the three test measurements of the bank of Wells.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>There is no imbalance between the sides of the hip with respect to active abduction and flexion movements in non-professional ballet dancers.</p

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality