Evaluating a stochastic parametrization for a fast--slow system using the Wasserstein distance

Constructing accurate, flexible, and efficient parametrizations is one of the great challenges in the numerical modeling of geophysical fluids. We consider here the simple yet paradigmatic case of a Lorenz 84 model forced by a Lorenz 63 model and derive a parametrization using a recently developed statistical mechanical methodology based on the Ruelle response theory. We derive an expression for the deterministic and the stochastic component of the parametrization and we show that the approach allows for dealing seamlessly with the case of the Lorenz 63 being a fast as well as a slow forcing compared to the characteristic timescales of the Lorenz 84 model. We test our results using both standard metrics based on the moments of the variables of interest as well as Wasserstein distance between the projected measure of the original system on the Lorenz 84 model variables and the measure of the parametrized one. By testing our methods on reduced-phase spaces obtained by projection, we find support for the idea that comparisons based on the Wasserstein distance might be of relevance in many applications despite the curse of dimensionality

ISWEC toward the sea - Development, Optimization and Testing of the Device Control Architecture

The work performed in this thesis is part of the ISWEC project. This is a floating device devoted to the conversion of the kinetic energy owned by the sea waves. The passage between a technology readiness level (TRL) of 4 up to a TRL of 6 is covered. The existing numerical model has been revised, validated and upgraded. The experimental data used come both from previous collected data and both from the one gathered during a MARINET founded project in Hydraulics and Maritime Research Center (HMRC) in Cork, Ireland (2014). During the last year also the data coming from the full scale experiments in Pantelleria, Italy, (2015) has been processed. The design and implementation of the device Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition system has been a relevant part of the doctorate activities. Several power harvesting control strategies for the ISWEC have been investigated and their productivity for the Pantelleria installation site computed. A comparison is presented. Some preliminary results of the 2015 experimental campaign are presented and a first comparison with the data obtained with the numerical models has been carried on

Patrón de riesgo de la incidencia de diarrea y mortalidad en terneros de lechería en Córdoba, Argentina

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la incidencia de diarrea y mortalidad en terneros de 2 a 65 días de edad y los factores de riesgo asociados. En una cohorte retrospectiva de un establecimiento de la zona rural de Córdoba, Argentina, 957 terneros Holstein provenientes de 5 lecherías fueron seguidos hasta los 65 días de vida. Sexo de los terneros, paridad de la madre, dificultades en el parto, ingestión de calostro, lechería de origen y estación al nacimiento fueron evaluados como predictores de la incidencia de diarrea y la mortalidad con un modelo de regresión de Cox. Cuarenta y ocho por ciento (48,59%) de los terneros experimentaron al menos un episodio de diarrea, mientras que 20,17% murieron antes de los 65 días de edad. La incidencia de diarrea alcanzó el máximo valor a los 10 días de edad, y la mortalidad estuvo concentrada alrededor de los 15 días de vida. Terneros nacidos en el otoño (HR = 0,239, IC 95%: 0,180- 0,317) y paridad de la madre (vaquilla vs vaca HR = 1,871, IC 95%: 1,130- 3,098) estuvieron asociados al riesgo de diarrea. Lechería de origen, estación de nacimiento (verano y otoño) e ingestión de calostro (deficiente vs adecuado HR = 1,645, IC 95%: 1,186- 2,283) estuvieron asociados al riesgo de muerte. La Fracción Atribuíble Poblacional (FAP) para la mortalidad debida a la ingesta de calostro deficiente fue 9% (IC 95%: 0,965- 16,332%). Los factores identificados pueden ayudar a introducir intervenciones para reducir la diarrea y mortalidad bajo las condiciones productivas de Argentina

Etude de la relation entre les conditions de coupe et la morphologie des copeaux en fraisage de l'aluminium 2050

La fabrication des pièces aéronautiques nécessite souvent l'utilisation d'opérations de fraisage afin de limiter les épaisseurs de pièce et répondre aux exigences de poids. Pour cela, la gestion et le recyclage des copeaux surtout pour les matériaux nobles, est la clé de la viabilité économique. Dans l'objectif de recycler les copeaux, nous proposons une étude de la morphologie des copeaux issus de fraisage en fonction des conditions de coupe utilisées dans l'industrie. Nous avons pour cela basé notre analyse suivant deux axes : la morphologie générale des copeaux et leurs caractéristiques dimensionnelles. D'un point de vue morphologique, nous avons observé une forte influence des conditions de coupe et surtout une évolution de la morphologie des copeaux sur la longueur. D'un point de vue dimensionnel, les essais ont également montré une forte corrélation entre les conditions de coupe, les conditions d'engagement et la morphologie de copeau. Ainsi pour obtenir des copeaux fragmentés il est essentiel d'utiliser des conditions de coupe élevées

Fatti, valori e norme. La libertà dell’impersonale in Georges Canguilhem

This paper aims to expose the relevance of an impersonal element in the philosophical works of Georges Canguilhem before The Normal and the Pathological. In The Normal and Pathological and in other major writings, the impersonal element is given by the “normativity” of living beings. In the works from the 1920s and 1930s we can find the origins of this “impersonal element” and the political meaning Canguilhem has given to it.This paper aims to expose the relevance of an impersonal element in the philosophical works of Georges Canguilhem before The Normal and the Pathological. In The Normal and Pathological and in other major writings, the impersonal element is given by the “normativity” of living beings. In the works from the 1920s and 1930s we can find the origins of this “impersonal element” and the political meaning Canguilhem has given to it

Noninferiority study evaluating the efficacy of a teat disinfectant containing copper and zinc for prevention of naturally occurring intramammary infections in an automatic milking system

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the noninferiority of a novel teat disinfectant based on copper and zinc (ZkinCu; Copper Andino, Santiago de Chile, Chile) compared with a previously proven glycolic acid active disinfectant (OceanBlu; DeLaval, Kansas City, MO) as a positive control, with respect to the incidence of new intramammary infections under natural challenge conditions on a commercial robotic dairy farm. This study was conducted in 6 robotic pens of approximately 60 milking cows each. The pens were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 studied disinfectants. Throughout the 8 wk study, the same pre- and post-milking teat disinfectant was used in each pen. The same milking procedures were used in each robot throughout the study. Pre-milking hygiene consisted of applying the disinfectant (OceanBlu or ZkinCu) with the robotic arm. The same product was applied on the teats after milking. At the beginning of the study, all quarters of all study cows were sampled. In successive samplings (wk 2, 4, 6, and 8), composite milk samples were collected on farm to determine SCC. Once composite SCC results were available (2 d) and based on an SCC of ≥100,000 cells/mL, quarter milk samples underwent bacteriological culture. Clinical mastitis was identified by study personnel. Intramammary infection in biweekly quarter milk samples was determined based on composite SCC levels (≥100,000 cells/mL) and the presence of bacteria. A new IMI was defined as a quarter in which the organism isolated was not present in the previous bacteriological sample, or the previous composite SCC sample was <100,000 cells/mL. Clinical mastitis samples were also considered to be new IMI. The trial was designed as a positive control field trial, in which the objective was to show noninferiority of ZkinCu versus the control (OceanBlu). The overall crude incidences of new IMI for 2 wk at risk were 4.9 and 7.3% for the ZkinCu and OceanBlu groups, respectively. The predominant organisms recovered from quarters with new IMI were Streptococcus uberis, Corynebacterium spp., and coagulase-negative staphylococci in both the ZkinCu and OceanBlu groups. The risk of infection in the OceanBlu group was higher (β = 0.644; 95% confidence interval = 0.05–1.22). The interaction of treatment by week was not significant. The new IMI rate estimates (95% confidence interval) for ZkinCu and OceanBlu were 1.7% (0.8–2.5) and 3.2% (1.7–4.7), respectively. One novel aspect of this study is that it was one of the first commercial noninferiority trials to evaluate a new pre- and post-milking teat disinfectant in a dairy herd with an automatic milking system. The experimental teat disinfectant ZkinCu, evaluated in this field trial with naturally occurring IMI, showed noninferiority relative to the positive control for the prevention of new IMI. This study was conducted in a herd with an automatic milking system, and the results are applicable to herds with similar characteristics. Additional studies are needed to ensure reproducibility under different management conditions.Fil: Vissio, Claudina. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud; ArgentinaFil: Mella, Armin. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: Amestica, Luis. R&d Copper Andino Sa; ChileFil: Pol, Martin. Lactodiagnóstico Sur SRL; Argentin