Partisipasi Buruh dalam Aksi Unjuk Rasa

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh identifikasi kolektif dan keyakinan subyektif tentang permeabilitas kelompok pada buruh yang berpartisipasi dalam aksi unjuk rasa. Kelompok buruh dipilih mengingat sejak krisis moneter 1997 sejumlah peristiwa sosial berbentuk tingkah laku kelompok, seperti aksi unjuk rasa buruh, meningkat frekuensinya di berbagai Perusahaan di Indonesia. Berbeda dengan Smelser yang berperspektif sosiologis, teori Identitas Sosial menjelaskan tingkah laku kelompok dalam perspektif sosial-psikologis. Teori ini menekankan peranan identifikasi kolektif dan keyakinan subyektif tentang permeabilitas kelompok dalam proses terbentuknya tingkah laku kelompok. Dari subyek 102 buruh yang berpartisipasi dalam aksi unjuk rasa di Jakarta, data memperlihatkan identifikasi kolektif dan keyakinan subyektif tentang permeabilitas kelompok merupakan prediktor yang signifikan terhadap partisipasi buruh dalam aksi unjuk rasa. Dengan metode stepwise diketahui bahwa keyakinan subyektif tentang permeabilitas kelompok memberi sumbangan yang lebih besar daripada identifikasi kolektif

Keberhasilan Pelatihan Kewirausahaan bagi Wirausaha Baru (WUB)

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurships training for new entrepreneurs using the CIPP model (Context, Input, Process and Product). Data collected by questionnaires from 164 training participants who were randomly selected proportionally according to participant’s district origin in Bogor Regency West Java. The results showed that the Entrepreneurships Training for New Entrepreneurs was declared effective in the Context, Input, and Process dimensions. However, in the Process dimension, the Entrepreneurships Training for New Entrepreneurs is less supported by the availability of facilities and infrastructure, the suitability of learning media and learning methods. As for the Product dimension, the Entrepreneurships Training for New Entrepreneurs is less effective, especially in changing the mental attitude of training participants, application of skills and business performance of training participants. In general, the implementation of the Entrepreneurships Training for New Entrepreneurs can be declared effective. The recommendations that can be conveyed is the need to improve the quality of the implementation of Entrepreneurships Training for New Entrepreneurs in the future

Menumbuhkan Motivasi Usaha Tawes Crispy pada Rumah Tangga Nelayan melalui Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Kelompok

Tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) is top local potential in Wonogiri District, especially in Watupecah Hamlet, Gedong Village, Ngadirojo Subdistrict. The low marketability and storability of tawes requires innovation in fish processing of tawes into tawes crispy chips (taspy) to increase the marketability of tawes which then be a business oppurtunity for fishermen households to increase their income. However, inovation itself is not enough to increase fishermen household income, it requires effort to build business motivation in fishermen households to take business opportunity. This community service program aimed to know the success of training and group mentoring as an effort to foster business motivation of fishermen households. The program was carried out using intensive training and group mentoring methods for 33 fishermen households in Watupecah Hamlet covering the development of business motivation, time and behavior management, processing and marketing of taspy products. The results of the program showed that there was a changed in fishermen's knowledge and motivation on the aspect of innovation, dreams, and financial management. The success of this program is evidenced by the growth of the business motivation of fishermen households based on data analysis before and after the implementation of the program. It can be concluded that training and group mentoring are effective techniques in fostering business motivation of fishermen households. Through training and group mentoring the fishermen had chance to dialogue, share suggestion and opinions, cooperate, and interact positively with each other in a comfortable atmosphere as to support the growth of stronger ebusiness motivation of fishermen households

Developing novel antibacterials targeting the glyoxalase system using kinetic target guided synthesis

Antibiotic multidrug resistant infections are increasingly challenging to treat. To avoid entering a post antibiotic era novel antibiotics acting via new or underexploited mechanisms are required. In the human body bacteria are exposed to numerous stresses, e.g. methylglyoxal, and detoxification is essential for bacterial survival and infection progression. Glutathione and the glyoxalase (Glx) system are essential to this detoxification process. We hypothesise that inhibitors of bacterial GlxI and/or GlxII will disrupt this protective pathway leading to bactericidal activity, and may act alone or synergistically with existing antibiotics and the host immune system. To identify potent and selective chemical tools to investigate our hypothesis kinetic target guided synthesis (kTGS), where the enzyme generates its own inhibitors by acting as a catalyst to ‘click’ fragments together within the binding site, was employed in 2 ways; 1) a biased and 2) an unbiased approach. The chemistry used was a Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition between azides and alkynes to form triazoles and hit compounds were identified by LC-MS/MS. In the biased approach an azido derivative of glutathione (GAz) was designed and synthesised. kTGS with GlxI and GlxII using 96 alkyne fragments to probe the hydrophobic pocket resulted in hit rates up to 28%. The unbiased approach used azide and alkyne fragment libraries to identify non-peptidic inhibitors and to investigate the potential of kTGS as a tool for fragment based drug discovery. Using 2 azide and 2 alkyne fragments and the corresponding fragment library resulted in hit rates up to 11%. Identified peptidic and non-peptidic hits were synthesised and biophysical evaluation demonstrated binding to and inhibition of the glyoxalase enzymes, thereby demonstrating the potential of kTGS for lead discovery and the opportunity to develop these hits into novel antibacterial agents

Persepsi Petani terhadap Dukungan Pemerintah dalam Penerapan Sistem Pertanian Berkelanjutan

One of the factors that hinder the adoption of sustainable agriculture technology innovation is the farmers’ perception on the innovation, which is influenced by internal and external factors. One of them is the limited availabilities of infra structure and facilities to support sustainable agricultural production, which are external factors. This research was aimed to analyz the farmers’ perception on the government support in implementing sustainable agriculture system, to find out factors that are related to the farmers’ perception and to produce recommendations that support sustainable agriculture system to the government in the context of sustainable agriculture mainstreaming. This research was conducted in four different areas in Bogor municipality and regency, namely Cimahpar District, Situgede District, Benteng Village, and Purwasari Village. Survey method was used on 201 farmers selected purposively. The results showed that farmers’ perception was negative on government support in implementing sustainable agriculture system. Most of the farmers considered that government provided less support to the implementation of sustainable agriculture system (55.7%). Especially, in providing enough capital (65.7%), insurance on farmers’ business market (58.7%), insurance on the price of business production facilities (51.7%), and insurance on the market (sold with reasonable price) (50.2%). However, factors that were related to the farmers’ perception were formal education (rs = 0.150, P<0.05) and land area (rs = -0.154, P<0.05). Therefore, it is important for the government to provide the farmers’ needs, such as suficient capital, guarantee on market price of farm product, price guarantee for farming production facilities, and market continuity to support sustainable business activities for the continuity of the farmers’ business activity application

Adaptive capacity of coastal community to food insecurity due to climate change-a case of village in West Java

ABSTRACTClimate change provokes various problems on coastal community’s life such as reduction in the quantity and quality of the catch, sea-water flood, storms, tidal waves, and drought. Many impacts of climate change will not lead to the vulnerability of coastal communities when a community has sufficient adaptive capacity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the adaptive capacity of coastal communities to food insecurity as the impacts of climate change. Mix method approach such as survey, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observation was applied to collect the data. The unit analysis was community level (n = 100 poor fishery households, beneficiaries of government’s poor rice program). The adaptive capacity of communities to food insecurity is relatively low due to low institutional memory, unable to conduct innovative learning and especially the lack of connectedness with others outside the community. There is no Collective action to cope with food insecurity due to poverty, community’s culture and lack of local leadership.Keywords: Climate change, adaptive capacity, coastal community, food insecurityABSTRAKPerubahan iklim menimbulkan banyak masalah pada kehidupan komunitas pesisir seperti penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas tangkapan, rob, badai, gelombang pasang dan kekeringan. Berbagai dampak perubahan iklim tidak akan menyebabkan kerentanan komunitas pesisir bila komunitas itu mempunya kapasitas adaptasi yang memadai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa kapasitas adaptasi komunitas nelayan untuk melihat kesiapan komunitas dalam menghadapi kerawanan pangan akibat perubahan iklim. Pendekatan survei, wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion, dan observasi digunaan untuk mengumpulkan data. Unit analisa adalah pada tingkat masyarakat dengan sumber data 100 rumahtangga nelayan miskin yang merupakan penerima program raskin. Kapasitas adaptasi masyarakat terhadap kerawanan pangan tergolong rendah karena rendahnya institutional memory, tidak mampu melakukan innovative learning dan kurangnya connectedness terutama dengan pihak lain di luar komunitas. Aksi kolektif dari komunitas untuk mengatasi kerawanan pangan tidak ada yang disebabkan oleh kemiskinan,budaya komunitas dan kurang berfungsinya kepemimpinan lokal.Kata kunci: Perubahan iklim, kapasitas adaptasi, pantai komunitas, kerawanan panga

KAPASITAS ADAPTASI KOMUNITAS PESISIR PADA KONDISI RAWAN PANGAN AKIBAT PERUBAHAN IKLIM (KASUS SEBUAH KOMUNITAS NELAYAN DI JAWA BARAT)

ABSTRACTClimate change provokes various problems on coastal community’s life such as reduction in the quantity and quality of the catch, sea-water flood, storms, tidal waves, and drought. Many impacts of climate change will not lead to the vulnerability of coastal communities when a community has sufficient adaptive capacity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the adaptive capacity of coastal communities to food insecurity as the impacts of climate change. Mix method approach such as survey, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observation was applied to collect the data. The unit analysis was community level (n = 100 poor fishery households, beneficiaries of government’s poor rice program). The adaptive capacity of communities to food insecurity is relatively low due to low institutional memory, unable to conduct innovative learning and especially the lack of connectedness with others outside the community. There is no Collective action to cope with food insecurity due to poverty, community’s culture and lack of local leadership.Keywords: Climate change, adaptive capacity, coastal community, food insecurityABSTRAKPerubahan iklim menimbulkan banyak masalah pada kehidupan komunitas pesisir seperti penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas tangkapan, rob, badai, gelombang pasang dan kekeringan. Berbagai dampak perubahan iklim tidak akan menyebabkan kerentanan komunitas pesisir bila komunitas itu mempunya kapasitas adaptasi yang memadai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa kapasitas adaptasi komunitas nelayan untuk melihat kesiapan komunitas dalam menghadapi kerawanan pangan akibat perubahan iklim. Pendekatan survei, wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion, dan observasi digunaan untuk mengumpulkan data. Unit analisa adalah pada tingkat masyarakat dengan sumber data 100 rumahtangga nelayan miskin yang merupakan penerima program raskin. Kapasitas adaptasi masyarakat terhadap kerawanan pangan tergolong rendah karena rendahnya institutional memory, tidak mampu melakukan innovative learning dan kurangnya connectedness terutama dengan pihak lain di luar komunitas. Aksi kolektif dari komunitas untuk mengatasi kerawanan pangan tidak ada yang disebabkan oleh kemiskinan,budaya komunitas dan kurang berfungsinya kepemimpinan lokal.Kata kunci: Perubahan iklim, kapasitas adaptasi, pantai komunitas, kerawanan panga