Efficacy of Electrical Stimulation Intervention in Treating Adults with Dysphagia: A Systematic Review

Purpose: Dysphagia is a term used for a swallowing disorder resulting from problems with the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, or gastroesophageal junction. Dysphagia can have significant impacts on an individual’s quality of life and statistics suggest that nearly 15 million adults in the United States present with swallowing disorders. Common medical complications associated with dysphagia are malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, and even death. Traditional dysphagia treatment (TDT) for adults currently consists of diet modification, compensatory strategies involving postural adjustments, and swallowing exercises to strengthen musculature. The objective of this systematic review is to determine whether electrical stimulation (ES) improves swallowing function in adults with dysphagia. Methodology: Four indexed databases were searched to obtain studies pertaining to the use of ES in dysphagia treatment and its success. Application of inclusionary and exclusionary criteria narrowed the results and relevant studies were selected for this systematic review. Studies were also hand-selected and appraised for validity to ensure minimal bias. Results: Results of the selected studies revealed varying statistically significant effects of ES as a treatment for adults with dysphagia. However, many studies suggest ES is most effective in producing positive outcomes when coupled with TDT. Conclusion: The results of the systematic review suggest efficacy of ES is highest when it is used in conjunction with TDT. Studies with statistically significant results reported on only a minor improvement with ES. None of the studies reported negative outcomes related to ES. Additional research is needed to determine overall efficacy of ES as an evidence-based intervention for adults with dysphagia resulting from various etiologies.https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/csdms/1005/thumbnail.jp

Forensically-Sound Analysis of Security Risks of using Local Password Managers

Password managers have been developed to address the human challenges associated with password security, i.e., to solve usability issues in a secure way. They offer, e.g., features to create strong passwords, to manage the increasing number of passwords a typical user has, and to auto-fill passwords, sparing users the hassle of not only remembering but also typing them. Previous studies have focused mainly on the security analysis of cloud-based and browser-based password managers; security of local password managers remains mostly under-explored. This paper takes a forensic approach and reports on a case study of three popular local password managers: KeePass (v2.28), Password Safe (v3.35.1) and RoboForm (v7.9.12). Results revealed that either the master password or the content of the password database could be found unencrypted in Temp folders, Page files or Recycle bin, even after the applications had been closed. Therefore, an attacker or malware with temporary access to the computer on which the password managers were running may be able to steal sensitive information, even though these password managers are meant to keep the databases encrypted and protected at all times

A Systematic Review of the Health Impacts of Mass Earth Movements (Landslides)

Background. Mass ground movements (commonly referred to as ‘landslides’) are common natural hazards that can have significant economic, social and health impacts. They occur as single events, or as clusters, and are often part of ‘disaster’ chains, occurring secondary to, or acting as the precursor of other disaster events. Whilst there is a large body of literature on the engineering and geological aspects of landslides, the mortality and morbidity caused by landslides is less well documented. As far as we are aware, this is the first systematic review to examine the health impacts of landslides. Methods. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS databases and the Cochrane library were systematically searched to identify articles which considered the health impacts of landslides. Case studies, case series, primary research and systematic reviews were included. News reports, editorials and non-systematic reviews were excluded. Only articles in English were considered. The references of retrieved papers were searched to identify additional articles. Findings. 913 abstracts were reviewed and 143 full text articles selected for review. A total of 27 papers reporting research studies were included in the review (25 from initial search, 1 from review of references and 1 from personal correspondence). We found a limited number of studies on the physical health consequences of landslides. Only one study provided detail of the causes of mortality and morbidity in relation a landslide event. Landslides cause significant mental health impacts, in particular the prevalence of PTSD may be higher after landslides than other types of disaster, though these studies tend to be older with only 3 papers published in the last 5 years, with 2 being published 20 years ago, and diagnostic criteria have changed since they were produced. Discussion. We were disappointed at the small number of relevant studies, and the generally poor documentation of the health impacts of landslides. Mental health impacts were better documented, though some of the studies are now quite old. Further research on the health impacts of landslides needs to be undertaken to support those responding to landslide disasters and to aid disaster risk mitigation advocacy

Triage Process in Emergency Departments: an Indonesian Study

Background: Triage process has rapidly developed in some countries in the last three decades in order to respond to the demand for emergency services by growing population and emergency health needs. However, this development does not appear to match in Indonesian hospitals. The triage process in Indonesia remains obscure.Purpose: This study aimed to describe triage process in Indonesia from a range of different perspectives.Methods: The research design of this study was descriptive qualitative using semistructured interviews of 12 policy makers or persons responsible from 5 different organizations which informed triage practice in Indonesia. The data were analyzed using a three step content analysis.Results: The result produced 3 themes. First, four steps of triage process ranging from receiving to prioritizing were reported as the triaging procedures in Indonesia which were almost similar to the International literature except for a re-triage step. Second,primary and secondary triage processes were also applied in all emergency departments in Indonesia. Last, no prolonged waiting time in Indonesia could be assumed whether the triage process was effective and efficient or it was only a quick process of sorting to rapidly increase the number of patients in the treatment rooms. Out of the themes, the result also indicated that the involvement of nurses in health policy development inIndonesia needed supportConclusion: Triage process in Indonesia still needs improvements. Patient\u27s re-triage and evaluating secondary triage should be given more frameworks in the future. An effective and efficient triage process in Indonesia will best manage the number of patients in the treatment rooms and therefore further observational researches on patterns and trends are needed. Moreover, including the role of nurses as policy makers in the curriculum of nursing undergraduate and post-graduate degrees would give nurses the evidence to seek out policy making positions in the futur

Electrochemistry reveals archaeological materials

The characterization of materials constituting cultural artefacts is a challenging step in their conservation, due to the object’s uniqueness and the reduced number of conservation institutes able to supply non-destructive analysis. We propose an alternative analytical tool, which combines accessibility (low cost and portable) and high sensitivity, based on electrochemical linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) with paraffin impregnated graphite electrode (PIGE). To investigate the composition of “white alloys” that certainly have been used as decoration on copper-based Roman fibulae, sampling was done very locally by gently rubbing the selected areas with the PIGE. LSV results evidence the presence of silver, lead, and tin, supporting the argument provided by typological analysis that these metals were used for decoration

An Exploration of Omnichannel Marketing Through FIFA 16

According to Forbes, Omnichannel marketing is a marketing strategy that engages consumers over multiple channels, a strategy reflecting the change in how consumers are willing to engage with companies. EA Sports is a branch of Electronic Arts, an entertainment software company that in the fiscal year of 2015 had a GAAP net revenue of $4.5 billion. EA Sports produces sports related video games including the Madden NFL, Rory McIlroy PGA Tour, and FIFA. Omnichannel marketing is the next frontier and the video game industry is on the rise. At the crossroads of these two is FIFA 16, this year’s installment of the FIFA series. EA Sports has integrated themselves into consumer’s lives by leveraging omnichannel marketing. This thesis dives into how EA Sports has managed to do this, by examining the aspects of their omnichannel marketing strategy

Analysis of B and Be Star Populations of the Double Cluster h and chi Persei

We present blue optical spectra of 92 members of h and chi Per obtained with the WIYN telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. From these spectra, several stellar parameters were measured for the B-type stars, including V sin i, T_eff, log g_polar, M_star, and R_star. Stromgren photometry was used to measure T_eff and log g_polar for the Be stars. We also analyze photometric data of cluster members and discuss the near-to-mid IR excesses of Be stars.Comment: 4 pages, to appear in the proceedings of IAU Symposium 266: Star Cluster

Penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri untuk meningkatkan kemandirian dan hasil belajar siswa kelas X Pemasaran 3 SMK Negeri 3 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2017/2018

Virginia Ika Dani Nurgiyantari K7614055. PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI PADA MATA PELAJARAN PERENCANAAN BISNIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X PEMASARAN 3 SMK NEGERI 3 SURAKARTA SEMESTER GENAP TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018. Skripsi, Surakarta: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Sebelas Maret. 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran perencanaan bisnis melalui pelaksanaan tindakan dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Inkuiri pada kelas X Pemasaran 3 SMK Negeri 3 Surakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang di gunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan didukung data kuantitatif. Prosedur penelitian meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan , pengamatan dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian dengan model pembelajaran inkuiri dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar dan hasil belajar ditinjau dari aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik. Hasil kemandirian pada pra siklus sebesar 13,9%, meningkat pada siklus I menjadi 75% dan siklus II menjadai 88,9%. Ketercapaian hasil belajar aspek kognitif pada siklus I sebesar 74,3% dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 77,8%. Ketercapaian hasil belajar aspek afektif pada siklus I sebesar 83,3% dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 86,1%. Ketercapaian Psikomotorik pada siklus I sebesar 88,9% dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 97,2%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembalajaran inkuiri dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar dan hasil belajar siswa kelas X Pemasaran 3 SMK Negeri 3 Surakarta Semester Genap Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018 Kata Kunci : Inkuiri, Kemandirian Belajar, Hasil Belajar

Light Attenuation in Back Bay, Virginia

In order to help assess the cause of the recent decline in submersed macrophytes, light attenuation was measured at selected stations in Back Bay, Virginia, in July 1987 and April 1988, using an underwater spectroradiometer. Secchi depth and concentrations of total suspended solids and chlorophyll-a were measured simultaneously. In July 1987, extinction coefficients ranged from 2.7 to 5.7 m-1 and Secchi depths ranged from 0.26 to 0.44 m. Total suspended solids ranged from 27 to 64 mg/L--37 to 80% of the suspended material was organic matter. Chlorophyll-a concentrations ranged from 43 to 71 μ g/L; indicating the presence of large numbers of algae. Water clarity was least in North Bay and greatest at the North Carolina border. In April 1988, during a period of strong wind, total suspended solids were extremely high, ranging from 78 to 214 mg/L, whereas the organic fraction ranged from 20 to 30%. Chlorophyll-a concentration ranged from 34.5 to 88 μ g/L. Secchi depth ranged from 0.16 to 0.33 m and K ranged from 3.7 m-1 at the North Carolina line to 19.9 m-1 in a canal near Pellitory Point. Comparison of the conditions in Back Bay in 1986-88 with those in the tidal Potomac River and Estuary indicate that the decline in submersed macrophyte, in Back Bay is related to high light attenuation