Iran and American Security Policy in the Middle East

In October 1973 the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) sent shock waves through the industrialized world when it decreased the overall produc­tion of oil and embargoed the United States, Portugal, South Africa, and the Netherlands. The impact of these developments and a subsequent quantum rise in oil prices for the Western states and Japan was immediate and far reaching. On both sides of the Atlantic and in Tokyo there were fears of recession and even depression, the possibility of millions unemployed, and of massive deficits in the balance of payments

Inhibitors of trypanosoma cruzi Sir2 related protein 1 as potential drugs against Chagas disease.

Chagas disease remains one of the most neglected diseases in the world despite being the most important parasitic disease in Latin America. The characteristic chronic manifestation of chagasic cardiomyopathy is the region's leading cause of heart-related illness, causing significant mortality and morbidity. Due to the limited available therapeutic options, new drugs are urgently needed to control the disease. Sirtuins, also called Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) proteins have long been suggested as interesting targets to treat different diseases, including parasitic infections. Recent studies on Trypanosoma cruzi sirtuins have hinted at the possibility to exploit these enzymes as a possible drug targets. In the present work, the T. cruzi Sir2 related protein 1 (TcSir2rp1) is genetically validated as a drug target and biochemically characterized for its NAD+-dependent deacetylase activity and its inhibition by the classic sirtuin inhibitor nicotinamide, as well as by bisnaphthalimidopropyl (BNIP) derivatives, a class of parasite sirtuin inhibitors. BNIPs ability to inhibit TcSir2rp1, and anti-parasitic activity against T. cruzi amastigotes in vitro were investigated. The compound BNIP Spermidine (BNIPSpd) (9), was found to be the most potent inhibitor of TcSir2rp1. Moreover, this compound showed altered trypanocidal activity against TcSir2rp1 overexpressing epimastigotes and anti-parasitic activity similar to the reference drug benznidazole against the medically important amastigotes, while having the highest selectivity index amongst the compounds tested. Unfortunately, BNIPSpd failed to treat a mouse model of Chagas disease, possibly due to its pharmacokinetic profile. Medicinal chemistry modifications of the compound, as well as alternative formulations may improve activity and pharmacokinetics in the future. Additionally, an initial TcSIR2rp1 model in complex with p53 peptide substrate was obtained from low resolution X-ray data (3.5 Å) to gain insight into the potential specificity of the interaction with the BNIP compounds. In conclusion, the search for TcSir2rp1 specific inhibitors may represent a valuable strategy for drug discovery against T. cruzi

International Relations Theory : Realism, Pluralism, Globalism, and Beyond

xiv.508 hal.;25 c

Arms Control: History, Theory, and Policy

Arms Control: History, Theory, and Policy features in-depth, expert analysis and information on the full spectrum of issues relating to this critical topic. The first major reference on arms control in over a decade, the two-volume set covers historical context, contemporary challenges, and emerging approaches to diplomacy and human rights. Noted experts provide a full spectrum of perspectives on arms control, offering insightful analysis of arms-control agreements and the people and institutions behind them.https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/polscibooks/1023/thumbnail.jp

International relations and world politics : security, economy, edentity, 2nd ed./ Viotti

xvi, 528 hal.: ill.; 25 cm

Emoción y nuevas espiritualidades. Por una perspectiva relacional y situada de los afectos

Religiosities with a strong “emotional” component had strong visibility in Argentina over the past decades. This paper analyses the crying in groups linked to the New Age spirituality and revivalist Catholicism in the broader context of the so-called “new spiritualities“. It also aims to reflect on the affinities between sacred and emotionality as a research focus in the social sciences and what the relational approach has to say about the broader field of affect studies in the analysis of religiosity. Especially when the most widespread analysis understand “emotionalism” as a contemporary crisis of the “social” or as a locus of “subjective experience”. In short, the article intend to emphasize how considering native theories about the causes of emotion, as a relational and situated process that considers human and non-human agents, ideas of cause and efficacy, could be a complementary strategy to analyse emotions