Prognostic value of bone marrow tracer uptake pattern in baseline PET scans in hodgkin lymphoma: Results from an international collaborative study

PET/CT-ascertained bone marrow involvement (BMI) constitutes the single most important reason for upstaging by PET/CT in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). However, BMI assessment in PET/CT can be challenging. This study analyzed the clinicopathologic correlations and prognostic meaning of Different patterns of bone marrow (BM)18F-FDG uptake in HL. Methods: One hundred eighty newly Diagnosed early unfavorable and advanced-stage HL patients, all scanned at baseline and after 2 adriamycin-bleomycinvinblastine-dacarbazine (ABVD) courses with18F-FDG PET, enrolled in 2 international stuDies aimed at assessing the role of interim PET scanning in HL, were retrospectively included. Patients were treated with ABVD 4-6 cycles and involved-field raDiation when needed, and no treatment adaptation on interim PET scanning was allowed. Two masked reviewers independently reported the scans. Results: Thirty-eight patients (21.1%) had focal lesions (fPET1), 10 of them with a single (unifocal) and 28 with multiple (multifocal) BM lesions. Fifty-three patients (29.4%) had pure strong (.liver) Diffuse uptake (dPET1) and 89 (48.4%) showed no or faint (#liver) BM uptake (nPET1). BM biopsy was positive in 6 of 38 patients (15.7%) for fPET1, in 1 of 53 (1.9%) for dPET1, and in 5 of 89 (5.6%) for nPET1. dPET1 was correlated with younger age, higher frequency of bulky Disease, lower hemoglobin levels, higher leukocyte counts, and similar Diffuse uptake in the spleen. Patients with pure dPET1 had a 3-y progression-free survival identical to patients without any18F-FDG uptake (82.9% and 82.2%, respectively, P 5 0.918). However, patients with fPET1 (either unifocal or multifocal) had a 3-y progressionfree survival significantly inferior to patients with dPET1 and nPET1 (66.7% and 82.5%, respectively, P 5 0.03). The k values for interobserver agreement were 0.84 for focal uptake and 0.78 for Diffuse uptake. Conclusion: We confirmed that18F-FDG PET scanning is a reliable tool for BMI assessment in HL, and BM biopsy is no longer needed for routine staging. Moreover, the interobserver agreement for BMI in this study proved excellent and only focal18F-FDG BM uptake should be considered as a harbinger of HL

Contribution of the transcriptional function of parkin in central nervous system disease : study of Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease and brain tumors

Les gliomes sont les tumeurs cérébrales de l’adulte les plus fréquentes, dont l’étiologie reste encore largement inconnue. Plusieurs études épidémiologiques ont montré l’existence d’une corrélation entre maladies neurodégénératives et cancers cérébraux. Nous avons émis l’hypothèse qu’il existait des dénominateurs moléculaires communs entre ces pathologies. Je me suis particulièrement intéressé au rôle de la parkine (PK), une ubiquitine ligase responsable des formes génétiques de la maladie de Parkinson (MP). En effet, plusieurs arguments soutiennent l'implication de la PK dans les gliomes.Des études ont montré que la PK présente une expression altérée dans les cas de cancers du sein et de la prostate. La PK possède également une fonction de facteur de transcription. Elle est capable de se fixer à l’ADN de p53 et inhibe sa transcription. p53 est un suppresseur de tumeur fréquemment inactivé (50% des cancers). Une étude a mis en évidence l'existence de mutations somatiques de la PK spécifiques des cancers cérébraux. Mon projet s'est articulé autour de trois axes. 1- PK et Maladie d’Alzheimer. Elle active la transcription de la préséniline 1 et d’inhiber celle de la préséniline 2. 2- PK et MP. La PK par l’intermédiaire de p53 régule XBP-1, un facteur de transcription notamment activé par le stress du réticulum, qui à son tour régule l’expression de DJ-1. 3- PK et gliomes. Nous avons observé une diminution d’expression de la PK corrélé à l’augmentation d’expression de p53 dans des biopsies de gliomes. Nous avons alors montré que p53 est capable d’activer la synthèse de la PK, effet aboli par des mutations de p53 dans les gliomes.Gliomas are the most common form of brain tumor, the etiology of which remains unknown. Several epidemiological studies have shown the existence of a correlation between neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumor. We hypothesis that these two pathology share common molecular denominators. Here I study the role of parkin (PK) an ubiquitin ligase responsible of early onset Parkinson diseases. Several arguments support the involvement of PK in glioma. Studies have shown that PK expression is alterated in many types of cancers. PK is also a transcription factor which can bind to p53 DNA and inhibits its transcription. P53 is a tumor suppressor often find inactivate in cancers (50%). There is evidence of specific somatic mutations found in glioma. My work was organize according to three axes 1- PK and Alzheimer disease: PK activates préséniline 1 expression and inhibits préséniline 2. 2- PK through XBP-1 regulates p53, a transcription factor activated by reticulum stress, which in turn regulates the expression of DJ-1. 3- PK and Glioma: There is a decrease in parkin expression that can be correlated to p53 expression increase in glioma biopsies. I show that p53 is able to activate PK synthesis, a mechanism abolish by p53 mutations in tumors

Contribution de la fonction transcriptionnelle de la parkine dans les maladies du système nerveux central : études des maladies d'Alzheimer, de Parkinson et des cancers cérébraux

Gliomas are the most common form of brain tumor, the etiology of which remains unknown. Several epidemiological studies have shown the existence of a correlation between neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumor. We hypothesis that these two pathology share common molecular denominators. Here I study the role of parkin (PK) an ubiquitin ligase responsible of early onset Parkinson diseases. Several arguments support the involvement of PK in glioma. Studies have shown that PK expression is alterated in many types of cancers. PK is also a transcription factor which can bind to p53 DNA and inhibits its transcription. P53 is a tumor suppressor often find inactivate in cancers (50%). There is evidence of specific somatic mutations found in glioma. My work was organize according to three axes 1- PK and Alzheimer disease: PK activates préséniline 1 expression and inhibits préséniline 2. 2- PK through XBP-1 regulates p53, a transcription factor activated by reticulum stress, which in turn regulates the expression of DJ-1. 3- PK and Glioma: There is a decrease in parkin expression that can be correlated to p53 expression increase in glioma biopsies. I show that p53 is able to activate PK synthesis, a mechanism abolish by p53 mutations in tumors.Les gliomes sont les tumeurs cérébrales de l’adulte les plus fréquentes, dont l’étiologie reste encore largement inconnue. Plusieurs études épidémiologiques ont montré l’existence d’une corrélation entre maladies neurodégénératives et cancers cérébraux. Nous avons émis l’hypothèse qu’il existait des dénominateurs moléculaires communs entre ces pathologies. Je me suis particulièrement intéressé au rôle de la parkine (PK), une ubiquitine ligase responsable des formes génétiques de la maladie de Parkinson (MP). En effet, plusieurs arguments soutiennent l'implication de la PK dans les gliomes.Des études ont montré que la PK présente une expression altérée dans les cas de cancers du sein et de la prostate. La PK possède également une fonction de facteur de transcription. Elle est capable de se fixer à l’ADN de p53 et inhibe sa transcription. p53 est un suppresseur de tumeur fréquemment inactivé (50% des cancers). Une étude a mis en évidence l'existence de mutations somatiques de la PK spécifiques des cancers cérébraux. Mon projet s'est articulé autour de trois axes. 1- PK et Maladie d’Alzheimer. Elle active la transcription de la préséniline 1 et d’inhiber celle de la préséniline 2. 2- PK et MP. La PK par l’intermédiaire de p53 régule XBP-1, un facteur de transcription notamment activé par le stress du réticulum, qui à son tour régule l’expression de DJ-1. 3- PK et gliomes. Nous avons observé une diminution d’expression de la PK corrélé à l’augmentation d’expression de p53 dans des biopsies de gliomes. Nous avons alors montré que p53 est capable d’activer la synthèse de la PK, effet aboli par des mutations de p53 dans les gliomes

Managing Missing Data in the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture

International audienceCase-wise analysis is advocated for the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety culture (HSOPS).OBJECTIVES:Through a computer-intensive simulation study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of various imputation methods in managing missing data in the HSOPS.METHODS:Using the original data from a cross-sectional survey of 5064 employees at a single university hospital in France, we produced simulation data on two levels. First, we resampled 1000 completed data based on the original 3045 complete responses using a bootstrap procedure. Second, missing values were simulated in these 1000 completed case data for comparison purposes, using eight different missing data scenarios. Third, missing values were imputed using five different imputation methods (1, random imputation; 2, item mean; 3, individual mean; 4, multiple imputation, and 5, sparse nonnegative matrix factorization. The performance for each imputation method was assessed using the root mean square error and dimension score bias.RESULTS:The five imputation methods yielded close root mean square errors, with an advantage for the multiple imputation. The bias differences were greater regarding the dimension scores, with a clear advantage for multiple imputation. The worst performance was achieved by the mean imputation methods.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS:We recommend the use of multiple imputation to handle missing data in HSOPS-based surveys, whereas mean imputation methods should be avoided. Overall, these results suggest the possibility of optimizing the HSOPS instrument, which should be reduced without loss of overall information

Managing Missing Data in the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture: A Simulation Study

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Parkin acts as a transcription factor modulating presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 promoter transactivations

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Soluble CD146 is a predictive marker of pejorative evolution and of sunitinib efficacy in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

International audienceThe objective of the study was to use CD146 mRNA to predict the evolution of patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (M0 ccRCC) towards metastatic disease, and to use soluble CD146 (sCD146) to anticipate relapses on reference treatments by sunitinib or bevacizumab in patients with metastatic ccRCC (M1). Methods: A retrospective cohort of M0 patients was used to determine the prognostic role of intra-tumor CD146 mRNA. Prospective multi-center trials were used to define plasmatic sCD146 as a predictive marker of sunitinib or bevacizumab efficacy for M1 patients. Results: High tumor levels of CD146 mRNA were linked to shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). ccRCC patients from prospective cohorts with plasmatic sCD146 variation <120% following the first cycle of sunitinib treatment had a longer progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. The plasmatic sCD146 variation did not correlate with PFS or OS for the bevacizumab-based treatment. In vitro, resistant cells to sunitinib expressed high levels of CD146 mRNA and protein in comparison to sensitive cells. Moreover, recombinant CD146 protected cells from the sunitinib-dependent decrease of cell viability. Conclusion: CD146/sCD146 produced by tumor cells is a relevant biological marker of ccRCC aggressiveness and relapse on sunitinib treatment

Avdoralimab (Anti-C5aR1 mAb) Versus Placebo in Patients With Severe COVID-19: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial (FOR COVID Elimination [FORCE])*

International audienceOBJECTIVES: Severe COVID-19 is associated with exaggerated complement activation. We assessed the efficacy and safety of avdoralimab (an anti-C5aR1 mAb) in severe COVID-19. DESIGN: FOR COVID Elimination (FORCE) was a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. SETTING: Twelve clinical sites in France (ICU and general hospitals). PATIENTS: Patients receiving greater than or equal to 5 L oxygen/min to maintain Spo 2 greater than 93% (World Health Organization scale ≥ 5). Patients received conventional oxygen therapy or high-flow oxygen (HFO)/noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in cohort 1; HFO, NIV, or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in cohort 2; and IMV in cohort 3. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive avdoralimab or placebo. The primary outcome was clinical status on the World Health Organization ordinal scale at days 14 and 28 for cohorts 1 and 3, and the number of ventilator-free days at day 28 (VFD28) for cohort 2. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We randomized 207 patients: 99 in cohort 1, 49 in cohort 2, and 59 in cohort 3. During hospitalization, 95% of patients received glucocorticoids. Avdoralimab did not improve World Health Organization clinical scale score on days 14 and 28 (between-group difference on day 28 of-0.26 (95% CI,-1.2 to 0.7; p = 0.7) in cohort 1 and-0.28 (95% CI,-1.8 to 1.2; p = 0.6) in cohort 3). Avdoralimab did not improve VFD28 in cohort 2 (between-group difference of-6.3 (95% CI,-13.2 to 0.7; p = 0.96) or secondary outcomes in any cohort. No subgroup of interest was identified. CONCLUSIONS: In this randomized trial in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, avdoralimab did not significantly improve clinical status at days 14 and 28 (funded by Innate Pharma, ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04371367)

Impact of HPV-associated p16-expression and other clinical factors on therapeutic decision-making in patients with oropharyngeal cancer: A GETTEC multicentric study

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