Pengaruh Penggunaan Antibiotik Eritromisin Dengan Terapi Calcium-channel Blocker Terhadap Gagal Ginjal Akut

Calsium-Channel Blocker (CCB) seperti amlodipin, felodipin, nifedipin, diltiazem, dan verapamil dimetabolisme oleh enzim CYP3A4. Kadar CCB dalam darah dapat meningkat ke level yang berbahaya jika enzim tersebut dihambat. Eritromisin (antibiotik makrolida) merupakan inhibitor CYP3A4, penggunaan bersamaan CCB dan makrolida diasosiasikan dengan peningkatan risiko rawat inap akibat gagal ginjal akut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan CCB dan eritromisin terhadap fungsi ginjal pada pasien rawat inap poliklinik penyakit dalam RS Dr. Moewardi. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan pendekatan pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Data diperoleh dari hasil observasi catatan rekam medik pasien selama menjalani perawatan di rumah sakit (rawat inap). Hasil dari 4 pasien diketahui masing-masing pasien mengalami peningkatan kadar kreatinin dan ureum dengan rata-rata kenaikan kreatinin 34,8% dan ureum 36,6%. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan adanya interaksi makrolida dan CCB yang mengakibatkan kenaikan kadar CCB dalam darah sehingga menyebabkan hipotensi. Keadaan hipotensi dapat menyebabkan hipoperfusi ginjal yang berpotensi terjadinya gagal ginjal akut, dimana ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar ureum dan kreatinin

Towards local forms of sprawl: A brief reflection on mediterranean urbanization

Urban sprawl is a complex phenomenon that requires a comprehensive reflection on the most significant patterns and underlying processes. While the "sprawl" notion parallels hegemonic concepts such as economic competitiveness, social cohesion, and polycentric development, an integrated analysis of sprawl patterns and processes in paradigmatic socioeconomic contexts is increasingly required to reconcile dierent disciplinary visions, contributing to a holistic interpretation of metropolitan change. At the same time, sprawl is an increasingly evident product of local socioeconomic contexts all over the world. A comprehensive investigation of multifaceted, form-function relationships underlying sprawl-based on a quali-quantitative analysis of representative cases-is a crucial pre-requisite of both monitoring and policy actions at multiple spatial scales, from urban/regional to national/continental levels. The present contribution proposes a contextualization of the sprawl notion in Southern Europe-a socioeconomic context characterized by compact and continuous urbanization for a long time. An integrated approach based on a visual analysis of urban and peri-urban landscapes-integrated with an extended literature survey-allows for a definition of a specific sprawl model in Southern Europe, sharing some features with the United States ideal type of sprawl and showing peculiarities with respect to common models of urban dispersion typical of Northern and Western Europe. Policies aimed at containing urban dispersion may definitely benefit from a local-based definition of sprawl, considering the specificity of form-function relationships and the underlying socioeconomic context

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Nilai Pelayanan Administrasi Akademik Terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Universitas Mulawarman

The purpose of this study was conducted to determine and analyze the Influence of Service Quality And Value Satisfaction Services Academic Administration Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mulawarman. This study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) which can be used on any kind of scale of data (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) and assuming a more flexible terms. PLS is one of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) capable of analyzing latent variables, indicator variables and measurement error directly, the samples are 98 students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mulawarman. he results showed the influence of service quality on student satisfaction through value generated path coefficient value of 0.244 and t p value of 2.155 and 0.032. While the influence of the value of service to satisfaction of students through path coefficient value of 0.442 and t p value of 3.726 and 0.000. And impact of service quality and value of service to satisfaction of students simultaneously generated value Fh of 6126 with R square of 0338, so it can be concluded that the quality of service and the value of service has a significant influence on student satisfaction either partially or simultaneously

Up to 4 × 192 LTE-A radio waveforms transmission in a point to multipoint architecture for massive fronthauling solutions

In this work, a novel point-to-multipoint fronthauling architecture based on the use of a Multi-Output Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier (MO-EDFA), to deliver several digital signal processing (DSP) aggregated analogue radio waveforms, is proposed and experimentally analysed. The transmission of 4x192 20 MHz radio waveforms, according to the DSP-aggregated fronthauling (DSP-AF) Frequency Division Multiplexed (FDM) architecture originally proposed in [1]. Using the MO-EDFA, we are able to feed up to 24 remote radio head (RRH) units, experimentally demonstrating successful transmission over a link with up to 25 dB of optical path losses, including 37 km of single mode fibre

Toughening effect of non-periodic fiber distribution on crack propagation energy of UHTC composites

Different configurations of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced ultrahigh temperature ceramics (UHTCs), by combining coatings and matrix, were produced via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and slurry infiltration. The toughening of non-periodic fiber distribution induced by the EPD process was investigated through work of fracture analysis. The results show that a non-periodic fiber distribution results in toughness increase from 8 MPa√m to 11 MPa√m with respect to a periodic fiber distribution. This toughness improvement does not strongly affect the flexural strength, which is mainly related to the fiber volumetric amount. It is shown that the assembling of carbon fibers into bundles (i.e. by dispersing the fibers with a non-periodic distribution) increases the crack propagation energy dissipated on the crack-wake from 0.5 kJ/m2 to 1 kJ/m2, which can be mainly ascribed to the fiber/bundle pull-out. On the other hand, the energy dissipated on the crack-tip (as fiber/matrix debonding) is fiber distribution-independent and increases from 0.3 kJ/m2 to 0.4 kJ/m2 with increasing the fiber amount from 33 vol% to 40 vol%. Finally, WoF analysis is proposed as test to evaluate pull-out toughening instead of push-in and push-out tests

Release of a 10-m-resolution DEM for the Italian territory: Comparison with global-coverage DEMs and anaglyph-mode exploration via the web

The 10-m-resolution TINITALY/01 DEM (Tarquini et al., 2007) is compared with the two, coarser-resolution, global-coverage, spaceborne-based SRTM and ASTER DEMs and with a high-resolution, LIDAR-derived DEM. Afterwards, we presented a webGIS which allows to explore a 10-m-resolution anaglyph layer showing the landforms of the whole Italian territory in 3D. The webGIS (http://tinitaly.pi.ingv.it/) is open to the public, and can be used to carry out a preliminary analysis of landforms. The TINITALY/01 DEM is available for scientific purposes on the basis of a research agreement (see the above website or write to [email protected])

Sensitive and quantitative method to evaluate DNA methylation of the positive regulatory domains (PRDI, PRDII) and cAMP response element (CRE) in human endothelial nitric oxide synthase promote

Nitric oxide plays a prominent role in the cardiovascular system and much attention has been devoted in the last years on deciphering the regulation of human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. Epigenetic-based mechanisms have a key role in the eNOS expression and their pathologic perturbations may have profound effects on the steady state RNA levels in the endothelium. The human eNOS promoter lacks a canonical TATA box and it does not contain a proximal CpG island. A differentially DNA methylated region (DMR) in the native eNOS proximal promoter is involved in gene expression regulation. Here we describe a quantitative, sensitive and cost-effective method that, relying on a novel normalization strategy, allows the quantification of DNA methylation status of the positive regulatory domains (PRDI, PRDII) and cAMP response element (CRE) in human eNOS promoter. This technique will enable to explore the functional relevance of DNA methylation perturbations of eNOS promoter both under pathological and physiological conditions

Cognitive Impairment and Age-Related Vision Disorders: Their Possible Relationship and the Evaluation of the Use of Aspirin and Statins in a 65 Years-and-Over Sardinian Population

Neurological disorders (Alzheimer’s disease, vascular and mixed dementia) and visual loss (cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy) are among the most common conditions that afflict people of at least 65 years of age. An increasing body of evidence is emerging, which demonstrates that memory and vision impairment are closely, significantly, and positively linked and that statins and aspirin may lessen the risk of developing age-related visual and neurological problems. However, clinical studies have produced contradictory results. Thus, the intent of the present study was to reliably establish whether a relationship exist between various types of dementia and age-related vision disorders, and to establish whether statins and aspirin may or may not have beneficial effects on these two types of disorders. We found that participants with dementia and/or vision problems were more likely to be depressed and displayed worse functional ability in basic and instrumental activities of daily living than controls. Mini mental state examination scores were significantly lower in patients with vision disorders compared to subjects without vision disorders. A closer association with macular degeneration was found in subjects with Alzheimer’s disease than in subjects without dementia or with vascular dementia, mixed dementia, or other types of age-related vision disorders. When we considered the associations between different types of dementia and vision disorders and the use of statins and aspirin, we found a significant positive association between Alzheimer’s disease and statins on their own or in combination with aspirin, indicating that these two drugs do not appear to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease or improve its clinical evolution and may, on the contrary, favor its development. No significant association in statin use alone, aspirin use alone, or the combination of these was found in subjects without vision disorders but with dementia, and, similarly, none in subjects with vision disorders but without dementia. Overall, these results confirm the general impression so far; namely, that macular degeneration may contribute to cognitive disorders (Alzheimer’s disease in particular). In addition, they also suggest that, while statin and aspirin use may undoubtedly have some protective effects, they do not appear to be magic pills against the development of cognitive impairment or vision disorders in the elderly

Hierarchical formation of disulphide bonds in the immunoglobulin Fc-Fragment is assisted by Protein Disulphide Isomerase

Antibodies provide an excellent system to study the folding and assembly of all β-sheet proteins and to elucidate the hierarchy of intra/inter chain disulfide bonds formation during the folding process of multimeric and multidomain proteins. Here, the folding process of the Fc fragment of the heavy chain of the antibody MAK33 was investigated. The Fc fragment consists of the CH3 and CH2 domains of the immunoglobulin heavy chain, both containing a single S-S bond. The folding process was investigated both in the absence and presence of the folding catalyst protein-disulfide isomerase (PDI), monitoring the evolution of intermediates by electrospray mass spectrometry. Moreover, the disulfide bonds present at different times in the folding mixture were identified by mass mapping to determine the hierarchy of disulfide bond formation. The analysis of the uncatalyzed folding showed that the species containing one intramolecular disulfide predominated throughout the entire process, whereas the fully oxidized Fc fragment never accumulated in significant amounts. This result suggests the presence of a kinetic trap during the Fc folding, preventing the one-disulfide-containing species (1S2H) to reach the fully oxidized protein (2S). The assignment of disulfide bonds revealed that 1S2H is a homogeneous species characterized by the presence of a single disulfide bond (Cys-130-Cys-188) belonging to the CH3 domain. When the folding experiments were carried out in the presence of PDI, the completely oxidized species accumulated and predominated at later stages of the process. This species contained the two native S-S bonds of the Fc protein. Our results indicate that the two domains of the Fc fragment fold independently, with a precise hierarchy of disulfide formation in which the disulfide bond, especially, of the C H2 domain requires catalysis by PD