Ruido ambiental por transporte vehicular en la av. 26 de Noviembre y sus efectos en la salud pública, distrito Villa María del Triunfo, Lima, 2021

Uno de los objetivos de este trabajo de investigación era determinar si el ruido ambiental por transporte vehicular en la Av. 26 de Noviembre afecta a la salud pública. La metodología de esta investigación tiene un diseño con enfoque pre experimental, siendo aplicada descriptiva. Se seleccionó 04 estaciones de monitoreo, teniendo como resultados que si existe influencia entre el ruido ambiental por transporte vehicular y la salud pública; También que el punto RA-04, posee un mayor índice de nivel de contaminación de ruido ambiental, seguido por el RA-03, en los horarios de 07:00h a 08:25h y 16:00h a 19:15h, siendo los horarios donde existe un mayor flujo de tránsito vehicular; Concluyendo así, las irresponsabilidades de los conductores, empleando un mal uso de las bocinas y existiendo un mal sistema de distribución de tiempo por parte de los semáforos que existen en toda la avenida

Multiple Sclerosis Outcomes after Cancer Immunotherapy

INTRODUCTION: Neurological immune-related adverse events are a rare but potentially deadly complication after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. As multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease, it is unknown how ICI treatment may affect outcomes. METHODS: We analyzed the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database for pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, nivolumab, ipilimumab, avelumab, and durvalumab 2 years prior their FDA approval until December 31, 2017, to include all cases with confirmed diagnosis/relapse of MS. We also included cases reported in the literature and a patient from our institution. RESULTS: We identified 14 cases of MS with median age of presentation of 52 years. Indications for ICI included melanoma in 7 (36.36%) cases, non-small cell lung carcinoma in 2 (18.18%) cases, 1 case (9.09%) each of pleural mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, and unreported in 2 (18.18%) cases. History of MS was confirmed in 8 (57.1%) cases. Median time to beginning of symptoms was 29 days with rapid disease progression; two patients died due to their relapse. Median time for symptom resolution was 8 weeks. Outcomes did not vary by comparing CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: Reported MS relapses after ICI are rare, but the adverse events described include rapid neurologic progression and death. Larger and prospective studies are warranted to assess disability and long-term outcomes and outweigh the risks of starting immunotherapy in patients with MS

Comprehensive Genomic Profiling in Routine Clinical Practice Leads to a Low Rate of Benefit from Genotype-Directed Therapy

Background: Describe a single-center real-world experience with comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) to identify genotype directed therapy (GDT) options for patients with malignancies refractory to standard treatment options. Methods: Patients who had CGP by a CLIA-certified laboratory between November 2012 and December 2015 were included. The medical records were analyzed retrospectively after Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. The treating oncologist made the decision to obtain the assay to provide potential therapeutic options. The objectives of this study were to determine the proportion of patients who benefited from GDT, and to identify barriers to receiving GDT. Results: A total of 125 pediatric and adult patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of malignancy were included. Among these, 106 samples were from adult patients, and 19 samples were from pediatric patients. The median age was 54 years for adults. The majority had stage IV malignancy (53%) and were pretreated with 2–3 lines of therapy (45%). The median age was 8 years for pediatric patients. The majority had brain tumors (47%) and had received none or 1 line of therapy (58%) when the profiling was requested. A total of 111 (92%) patients had genomic alterations and were candidates for GDT either via on/off-label use or a clinical trial (phase 1 through 3). Fifteen patients (12%) received GDT based on these results including two patients who were referred for genomically matched phase 1 clinical trials. Three patients (2%) derived benefit from their GDT that ranged from 2 to 6 months of stable disease. Conclusions: CGP revealed potential treatment options in the majority of patients profiled. However, multiple barriers to therapy were identified, and only a small minority of the patients derived benefit from GDT

Susceptibility of hamsters to clostridium difficile isolates of differing toxinotype

Clostridium difficile is the most commonly associated cause of antibiotic associated disease (AAD), which caused ~21,000 cases of AAD in 2011 in the U.K. alone. The golden Syrian hamster model of CDI is an acute model displaying many of the clinical features of C. difficile disease. Using this model we characterised three clinical strains of C. difficile, all differing in toxinotype; CD1342 (PaLoc negative), M68 (toxinotype VIII) and BI-7 (toxinotype III). The naturally occurring non-toxic strain colonised all hamsters within 1-day post challenge (d.p.c.) with high-levels of spores being shed in the faeces of animals that appeared well throughout the entire experiment. However, some changes including increased neutrophil influx and unclotted red blood cells were observed at early time points despite the fact that the known C. difficile toxins (TcdA, TcdB and CDT) are absent from the genome. In contrast, hamsters challenged with strain M68 resulted in a 45% mortality rate, with those that survived challenge remaining highly colonised. It is currently unclear why some hamsters survive infection, as bacterial and toxin levels and histology scores were similar to those culled at a similar time-point. Hamsters challenged with strain BI-7 resulted in a rapid fatal infection in 100% of the hamsters approximately 26 hr post challenge. Severe caecal pathology, including transmural neutrophil infiltrates and extensive submucosal damage correlated with high levels of toxin measured in gut filtrates ex vivo. These data describes the infection kinetics and disease outcomes of 3 clinical C. difficile isolates differing in toxin carriage and provides additional insights to the role of each toxin in disease progression

US Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter 2017: Community Report

This white paper summarizes the workshop "U.S. Cosmic Visions: New Ideas in Dark Matter" held at University of Maryland on March 23-25, 2017.Comment: 102 pages + reference

Correction to: First results on survival from a large Phase 3 clinical trial of an autologous dendritic cell vaccine in newly diagnosed glioblastoma

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in the spelling of one of the author names. In this Correction the incorrect and correct author names are indicated and the author name has been updated in the original publication. The authors also reported an error in the Methods section of the original article. In this Correction the incorrect and correct versions of the affected sentence are indicated. The original article has not been updated with regards to the error in the Methods section.https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144529/1/12967_2018_Article_1552.pd

A genome-wide association study of marginal zone lymphoma shows association to the HLA region

Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is the third most common subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Here we perform a two-stage GWAS of 1,281 MZL cases and 7,127 controls of European ancestry and identify two independent loci near BTNL2 (rs9461741, P - 3.95 x 10(-15)) and HLA-B (rs2922994, P - 2.43 x 10(-9)) in the HLA region significantly associated with MZL risk. This is the first evidence that genetic variation in the major histocompatibility complex influences MZL susceptibility