Access to diagnosis and treatment of Chagas disease/infection in endemic and non-endemic countries in the XXI century.

In this article, Médicos Sin Fronteras (MSF) Spain faces the challenge of selecting, piecing together, and conveying in the clearest possible way, the main lessons learnt over the course of the last seven years in the world of medical care for Chagas disease. More than two thousand children under the age of 14 have been treated; the majority of whom come from rural Latin American areas with difficult access. It is based on these lessons learnt, through mistakes and successes, that MSF advocates that medical care for patients with Chagas disease be a reality, in a manner which is inclusive (not exclusive), integrated (with medical, psychological, social, and educational components), and in which the patient is actively followed. This must be a multi-disease approach with permanent quality controls in place based on primary health care (PHC). Rapid diagnostic tests and new medications should be available, as well as therapeutic plans and patient management (including side effects) with standardised flows for medical care for patients within PHC in relation to secondary and tertiary level, inclusive of epidemiological surveillance systems

Space photomap of the Subre - Bolivia region

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Planck LFI flight model feed horns

this paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst The Low Frequency Instrument is optically interfaced with the ESA Planck telescope through 11 corrugated feed horns each connected to the Radiometer Chain Assembly (RCA). This paper describes the design, the manufacturing and the testing of the flight model feed horns. They have been designed to optimize the LFI optical interfaces taking into account the tight mechanical requirements imposed by the Planck focal plane layout. All the eleven units have been successfully tested and integrated with the Ortho Mode transducers.Comment: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in JINST. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T1200

Distribution :ll1d ch:lr:lcteriz:ltion of free :lnd refractory gold in the quartz-arsenopyrite veins of the Penedela, Fornaza and Rio de Porcos mines (Limit between Lugo and Asturias)

[Resumen] En las mineralizaciones auélferas filonianas de la zona de Ibias (límite entre Lugo y Asturias), se pone de manifiesto la existencia de oro libre y refractario. En el primer caso el oro aparece en forma de electrum (66 O/o Au y 32 O/o Ag) rellenando, junto con cuarzo, microfisuras que cortan a los cristales de pirita'y a~enopiritao El oro refractario se ha detectado en la red de estos dos sulfuros, que presentan valores medi<2s de 456 gr/t Au las arsenop~ritas y 386 gr/t Au las piritas. Los resultados del test metalúrgico reflejan una recuperación del 68,3 O/o del oro contenido, lo que es coherente con la presencia de oro libre y refractario, tal y como se ha visto en el estudio mineralógico y químico de estas mineralizaciones.[Abstract] The gold veins of the Ibias zone (limit between the provinces of Lugo and Asturias) , contain free and refractory gold. Free gold appears as electrum (66 O/o Au and 32 O/o Ag) along with quartz filling microfractures in pyrite and arsenopyrite. The refractory gold is present in the crystallattice of the sulphides, with contents of 456 gr / t Au in arsenopyrite and 386 gr / t Au in pyrite. The metalurgical results show a 68,3 O/o of gold recovery, in correlation with the chemical and mineralogical study

Nitrogen-functionalized carbon nanotubes as a basic catalyst for biomass conversion reactions

Biomass conversion to transportation fuels and chemicals is a growing field of research due to the depletion of fossil fuels feedstock. New catalysts, optimized for carbohydrates conversion, need to be developed. In this context, basic heterogeneous catalysts will play a major role for dehydration, hydrolysis, (trans)esterification, aldol condensation, alkylation or isomerization reactions for example. In contrast to existing basic heterogeneous catalysts, MWCNTs-based catalysts are chemically stable (no leaching) and relatively easy to tailor on a nano- and macro-level (controlled porosity). Therefore, nitrogen-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs) appear to be a promising basic catalyst and catalyst support [1,2]. Unfortunately, the nitrogen concentration, its location in/on the nanotube and the nature of the formed N-containing functional groups are difficult to control by common synthesis techniques like by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) or by post-treatments [3]. In addition, it is still unclear which functional groups are required to reach high catalytic activities. Thus, we synthesized N-MWCNTs catalysts by grafting desired N-containing molecules on the MWCNTs’ surface. In order to avoid the drawbacks of the traditional SOCl2 route, a new procedure has been designed. The obtained catalysts have been tested in the transesterification of glyceryl tributyrate, as a model triglyceride for biodiesel synthesi

N-functionalized carbon nanotubes as solid basic catalysts for biomass conversion

In the view of declining fossil fuel energy resources and rising oil prices, it is necessary to develop new ways to satisfy the energy needs and the production of chemicals. An alternative route is the use of biomass, in fact, it can serve as a sustainable source of renewable fuels and high value chemicals and materials [1-2]. Thus new catalysts need to be developed. In particular basic catalysts will play an important role for many reactions involving biomass transformation such as transesterification, dehydration, aldol condensation, or isomerization reactions, for example [3]. Nitrogen-containing carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNT) appear to be a promising basic catalyst [4]. In fact, in contrast to the existing heterogeneous basic catalysts (such as hydrotalcite, MgO, CaO) they are chemically stable and they do not suffer of problem of leaching. In this work we developed a new route to synthesize N-MWCNTs by grafting different ammines (diethyl-ethylamine, ethylamine and pyrrolidine) on the surface of the MWCNTs. Thus we investigated the potential use of N-MWCNTs as solid catalysts in the transesterification of triglycerides, model reaction for basic catalysts. In particular we study the influence of the basicity of the different amines on the catalytic activity and the stability of the catalysts after recycling reactions