BCN20000: dermoscopic lesions in the wild

This article summarizes the BCN20000 dataset, composed of 19424 dermoscopic images of skin lesions captured from 2010 to 2016 in the facilities of the Hospital Clínic in Barcelona. With this dataset, we aim to study the problem of unconstrained classification of dermoscopic images of skin cancer, including lesions found in hard-to-diagnose locations (nails and mucosa), large lesions which do not fit in the aperture of the dermoscopy device, and hypo-pigmented lesions. The BCN20000 will be provided to the participants of the ISIC Challenge 2019 [8], where they will be asked to train algorithms to classify dermoscopic images of skin cancer automatically.Peer ReviewedPreprin

Antioxidant starch films containing sunflower hull extracts

[EN] This study exploits sunflower hulls that are by-product from food industry for the extraction of valuable antioxidant compounds that can be used to produce antioxidant food packaging material based on starch. Fast and easy methanolic extraction of milled hulls resulted in an antioxidant extract with 137 mg GAE/100 g hulls and an antioxidant activity against DPPH* with an EC50 value of 73.5 mg raw hull material/ mg DPPH* and chlorogenic acid as main active compound. Already low amounts of extracts (1-6%) were sufficient to produce compression molded starch-glycerol films with antioxidant capacity without the loss of barrier properties. Films with the highest content of antioxidant extract showed the highest antioxidant activity and the lowest oxygen and water vapor permeability. These films were tough but less stretchable. A potential industrial use of these starch films could be in antioxidant packaging as a very thin layer in multilayer food packaging as oxygen barrier and antioxidant capacity.This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council Formas [2015-00550] and by the project AGL2016-76699-R from Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia. The authors would like to acknowledge Grefusa (Alzira, Spain) for the donated sunflower hull waste.Menzel, C.; González Martínez, MC.; Chiralt, A.; Vilaplana, F. (2019). Antioxidant starch films containing sunflower hull extracts. Carbohydrate Polymers. 214:142-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.022S14215121

Optimal Filling of Shapes

We present filling as a type of spatial subdivision problem similar to covering and packing. Filling addresses the optimal placement of overlapping objects lying entirely inside an arbitrary shape so as to cover the most interior volume. In n-dimensional space, if the objects are polydisperse n-balls, we show that solutions correspond to sets of maximal n-balls. For polygons, we provide a heuristic for finding solutions of maximal discs. We consider the properties of ideal distributions of N discs as N approaches infinity. We note an analogy with energy landscapes.Comment: 5 page

Validation of the GUM uncertainty framework and the Unscented transformation for Brewer UV irradiance measurements using the Monte Carlo method

The uncertainty evaluation of spectral ultraviolet (UV) irradiance measurements is usually performed following the recommendations set by the GUM, the standard for uncertainty evaluation in metrology. In particular, the GUM uncertainty framework (GUF) is applied. Due to the difficulties in the propagation of uncertainties, it is standard practice to neglect the non-linearity of the irradiance model. To verify this assumption, the GUF is validated using the Monte Carlo method (MCM), as recommended by the GUM. As an alternative to these methods, an Unscented transformation (UT) has also been implemented and validated with the MCM. The data used are the UV scans recorded by a Brewer MKIII spectroradiometer at El Arenosillo Observatory. Evaluation of the spectral ratios between the combined standard uncertainties provided by the GUF, the UT, and the MCM showed that the agreement between the three methodologies is satisfactory.The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This work was supported by MCIN/ AEI/10. 13039/501100011033 and “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR” [Grant TED2021-130532A-I00 ]; and by ESA-MPC , Aemet [KNMI- Contract Number 2020/658, 2020]

Accumulation of Flavonols over Hydroxycinnamic Acids Favors Oxidative Damage Protection under Abiotic Stress

Efficient detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is thought to play a key role in enhancing the tolerance of plants to abiotic stresses. Although multiple pathways, enzymes, and antioxidants are present in plants, their exact roles during different stress responses remain unclear. Here, we report on the characterization of the different antioxidant mechanisms of tomato plants subjected to heat stress, salinity stress, or a combination of both stresses. All the treatments applied induced an increase of oxidative stress, with the salinity treatment being the most aggressive, resulting in plants with the lowest biomass, and the highest levels of H2O2 accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. However, the results obtained from the transcript expression study and enzymatic activities related to the ascorbate-glutathione pathway did not fully explain the differences in the oxidative damage observed between salinity and the combination of salinity and heat. An exhaustive metabolomics study revealed the differential accumulation of phenolic compounds depending on the type of abiotic stress applied. An analysis at gene and enzyme levels of the phenylpropanoid metabolism concluded that under conditions where flavonols accumulated to a greater degree as compared to hydroxycinnamic acids, the oxidative damage was lower, highlighting the importance of flavonols as powerful antioxidants, and their role in abiotic stress tolerance.This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness from Spain (GrantNo. AGL2015-66033-R), and Seneca Foundation from Region of Murcia, Spain (Grant no.15288/ PI/10).Peer reviewedPeer Reviewe

Adherencia al tratamiento. Una revisión desde la perspectiva farmacéutica

El incumplimiento terapéutico constituye un importante problema asistencial que puede afectar a la salud de los pacientes. Es una de las posibles causas del fracaso de los tratamientos, afecta seriamente a la calidad de vida y genera importantes costes para el sistema de salud. Por estos motivos, el conocimiento de las tasas de incumplimiento resulta de gran interés sanitario. Así, para la planificación de intervenciones efectivas es necesaria la mejora de los instrumentos de medida del comportamiento en la adherencia terapéutica, así como el estudio de los factores relacionados con un apropiado cumplimiento, individual y comunitario. De acuerdo con la revisión realizada, y de forma general, se estima que un 40% de los pacientes no cumple con las recomendaciones terapéuticas. En el caso de las enfermedades agudas, la tasa de incumplimiento llega al 20%, mientras que en las enfermedades crónicas alcanza el 45%. Los principales factores que influyen en la adherencia terapéutica están relacionados con el propio paciente (creencias y motivaciones, edad o estatus socioeconómico), el tipo de enfermedad, el tratamiento propuesto para afrontarla y el propio sistema de asistencia sanitaria. El presente artículo ofrece una visión actualizada de la adherencia terapéutica, con una revisión de los diferentes métodos de medida utilizados, y se identifican los factores relacionados con ella y las principales intervenciones de mejora, incluidas las llevadas a cabo por el profesional de farmacia

Cleavage of the C-C bond in the ethanol oxidation reaction on platinum. Insight from experiments and calculations

"This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Journal of Physical Chemistry C, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03117, see http://pubs.acs.org/page/policy/articlesonrequest/index.html".[EN] Using a combination of experimental and computational methods, mainly FTIR and DFT calculations, new insights are provided here in order to better understand the cleavage of the C–C bond taking place during the complete oxidation of ethanol on platinum stepped surfaces. First, new experimental results pointing out that platinum stepped surfaces having (111) terraces promote the C–C bond breaking are presented. Second, it is computationally shown that the special adsorption properties of the atoms in the step are able to promote the C–C scission, provided that no other adsorbed species are present on the step, which is in agreement with the experimental results. In comparison with the (111) terrace, the cleavage of the C–C bond on the step has a significantly lower activation energy, which would provide an explanation for the observed experimental results. Finally, reactivity differences under acidic and alkaline conditions are discussed using the new experimental and theoretical evidence.This work has been financially supported by the MINECO (Spain) (project CTQ2013-44083-P) and Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEOII/2014/013).Ferre Vilaplana, A.; Buso-Rogero, C.; Feliu, JM.; Herrero, E. (2016). Cleavage of the C-C bond in the ethanol oxidation reaction on platinum. Insight from experiments and calculations. Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 120(21):11590-11597. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03117S11590115971202