Subduing the nail barrier with novel herbal penetration enhancers for transungual delivery system

Nail fungal infections are very common and also very difficult to treat because of nail morphology, deep penetrability of infectious agent inside nail plate and poor permeability of the nail plate. Transungual delivery shall be the first choice for treatment of nail infection if we get the effective penetration enhancers without causing the serious problem. In this study we tried to scanning some extracts penetration potency through the human cadaver nail plate. Five plants selected for the purpose acacia catechu, rosa hybrid, hibiscus rose-sinensis, tagetes patula, tagetes erecta. For penetration potency first defatted the nail plate with chloroform : methanol (2:1) mixture.  Extracts of tagetes erecta, acacia catechu shows 100%, tagetes patula 60% and rosa hybrid 40% from dorsal side of plate. Those extracts were stable by it only. That proves that they may be used as a penetration enhancer to increase the penetration of dru

Investigation of novel penetration enhancer Lawsonia inermis for drug delivery through nail plate

Nail fungus infections may be very painful and can seriously harm through systemic circulation if untreated. In this study we try to find out and formulate the natural penetration enhancer(PEs). Lawsonia Inermis leafs were used as a penetration enhancer. To extract the penetration enhancer extraction was done with methanol and dried, which shows hundred percent penetrations across the nail plate. Human cadaver nail plate (dry weight 45.8 mg, thickness 220 µm) defatted with chloroform: methanol (2:1) was used for penetration study. Diffusion study with the help of franz diffusion cell with phosphate buffer saline. The transungual film F32 evaluated for the physical properties – %Drug Content 97.1±0.03, Weight variation 180±2.10, Thickness 0.21±0.01, Flatness 99%, Folding endurance 180±3, WVTR 3.143±0.436, %Moisture content3.823±0.23. The drug moved across the nail plate in near to first order manner and support by the pepass “n” value i.e. 0.87. The formulation with the Lawsonia Inermis’s extract penetrates the 2.09% more drug through nail plate. The present study can claim that the Lawsonia Inermis as a potent penetration enhancer for transungual delivery for which the penetration is a limiting factor

Two-color holography concept (T-CHI)

The Material Processing in the Space Program of NASA-MSFC was active in developing numerous optical techniques for the characterization of fluids in the vicinity of various materials during crystallization and/or solidification. Two-color holographic interferometry demonstrates that temperature and concentration separation in transparent (T-CHI) model systems is possible. The experiments were performed for particular (succinonitrile) systems. Several solutions are possible in Microgravity Sciences and Applications (MSA) experiments on future Shuttle missions. The theory of the T-CHI concept is evaluated. Although particular cases are used for explanations, the concepts developed will be universal. A breadboard system design is also presented for ultimate fabrication and testing of theoretical findings. New developments in holography involving optical fibers and diode lasers are also incorporated

Influence of different transplanting date and weed management practices on yield and quality of basmati rice (Pusa Basmati-1509)

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2014 at students’ farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, college of agriculture, Kaul (Kaithal). The experiment consisted of four transplanting dates (June 15, July 5, July 25 and August 15) in main plots and six weed control treatments in sub plots treatments consisted of pre-emergence application of pretilachlor, oxadiargyl alone and sequential application of pre and post emergence herbicides viz., pretilachlor fb bispyribac, oxadiargyl fb bispyribac, weed free check and unweeded check. Based on research investigation it was observed that early transplanting dates (June 15 and July 5) produced taller plant, higher tillers/m2 and crop dry matter accumulation at all growth stages. Early transplanting produced significantly higher number of effective tillers/m2 (263) along with higher number of filled grain/ panicle (85) than delayed planting (July 25 and August 15). The 1000-grain weight was not affected by time of transplanting. The highest grain yield (4363 kg/ha) was recorded under June 15 transplanting which was statistically at par to the grain yield (4058 kg/ha) obtained under July 5 transplanting. Among the weed management practices tried, weed free check resulted in the highest values of plant height (104.2 cm), tillers/m2 (305), crop dry matter accumulation (964 g/ m2), effective tillers/m2 (271), grains length (8.5 cm), filled grains/panicle (86.3) as well as grain (4516 kg/ha) and straw yield (5506 kg/ha) which were however, comparable to pre-emergence application of oxadiargyl followed by bispyribac-sodium applied at 25 DAT and pretilachlor followed by bispribac-sodium at 25DAT

Simply connected projective manifolds in characteristic p>0p>0 have no nontrivial stratified bundles

We show that simply connected projective manifolds in characteristic $p>0$ have no nontrivial stratified bundles. This gives a positive answer to a conjecture by D. Gieseker. The proof uses Hrushovski's theorem on periodic points.Comment: 16 pages. Revised version contains a more general theorem on torsion points on moduli, together with an illustration in rank 2 due to M. Raynaud. Reference added. Last version has some typos corrected. Appears in Invent.math

Arthroscopic resection of dorsal wrist ganglion

Background: The management of dorsal wrist ganglion ranges from benign neglect to surgical excision. The purpose of this study was to study the results of arthroscopic resection of dorsal wrist ganglion.Methods: Twenty one patients who had undergone arthroscopic dorsal wrist ganglion excision and a minimum of 3 months follow up were included. The preoperative complaint of cosmesis, pain, and duration of swelling, wrist range of motion and size of the ganglion were noted. The duration the patient took to return to a painless wrist with full range of motion was noted. Patient satisfaction with respect to cosmesis and function was noted.Results: The mean age was 23.3 years (range: 13 to 35 years). Pre-operative wrist pain was present in 17 patients and cosmesis was a complaint in 18 patients. 5 patients had a pre-operative restricted range of motion. The mean duration and size of the ganglion was 2.6 months (range: 2 to 4 months) and1.8cm (range: 1 to 3 cm) respectively. The mean duration of follow up was 14.6 months (range: 3 to 24 months). Arthroscopically, dorsal synovitis was present in 10 patients, triangular-fibro-cartilage-complex (TFCC) tear in 2 patients and chondral damage in 1 patient. The ganglion stalk was visualized in 14 patients. Complete painless wrist range of motion was obtained by 20 patients by 3 weeks post-operative.  One patient had a recurrence. All the remaining patients were satisfied cosmetically and functionally with the results.Conclusions: Arthroscopic resection is an effective treatment modality for symptomatic dorsal wrist ganglion with good functional and cosmetic results

Maintain the Consistency of Auditing Cloud

In day to day life cloud is most essential part. Now cloud storage are use for business purpose the cloud is popular due to their huge amount of advantages the cloud is portable we can able to access the cloud anywhere globally. A cloud service provider maintains much duplication and each piece of data are globally distributed on servers. The main problem of cloud is to handle duplication of data which is too costly to achieve powerful consistency on world wide .In this paper we present a novel consistency service model which contain a large amount of data cloud and multiple audit clouds In The Consistency Service model . a data cloud is maintain by Cloud service Provider (CSP) and the number of user constitute group and that group of user can constitute an audit cloud Which can check whether the data cloud provides the valid level of consistency or not we suggest the 2 level auditing architecture, two level auditing architecture requires a loosely synchronize clock in the audit cloud. Then, design algorithms to quantify the commonality of violations metrics, and the staleness of the value of a read metrics. Finally, a Analytical Auditing Strategy (AAS) to shows as many violations as possible. Thus system performed using a combination of simulations and real cloud deployments to validate Analytical Auditing Strategy (AAS). DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15012

Synthesis of electrolytic copper and nickel powders from the copper bleed electrolyte of a copper smelter

The adaptation of certain processes for utilization of secondary resources to produce valuable products is currently given due attention in the metal extraction. Copper bleed solution (CBS) obtained during electropurification of the impure copper anode to produce copper cathode for the purpose of controlling impurity, is one such secondary source which can be treated to produce valuable products. Copper bleed solution generated at Indian Copper Complex (ICC), Ghatsila contains 39.86 g/L Cu, 9.58 g/L Ni, 0.26 g/L Fe, 0.108 g/L Bi, 0.007 g/L As, 0.055 g/L Sb, 198.04 g/L H2S04. The recovery of copper and nickel as high value products such as metal powders from the bleed stream of the copper smelter by pretreatment-solvent extraction (SX) separation-electrowinning (EW) has been attempted to provide an alternative to the conventional process. The purity of the eletrolytic copper and nickel powders so produced was found to be 99.93% and 99.89%, respectively. The compact density of the annealed copper powder was 8.74 g/cc whereas it was 7.72 g/cc for nickel powder. The other properties of the copper and nickel powders such as flow-ability, particle size, etc. were found to be suitable for the P/M applications

Sugarcane Plantation with Inner Seed Sowing Machine

Agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall economy of India. Sugarcane planting and seed sawing planting is a very labour intensive job and involves considerable human drudgery. For the growth of Indian economy, mechanization is necessary. The present review provides brief information about the various types of innovations done in seed sawing equipment?s and sugarcane plantation machines. The planting, cultivation and harvesting of sugarcane is highly energy, time and labour intensive. Suitable techniques, systems and implements have therefore to be developed to minimize the above.The basic objective of this machine is to combines both machine of plant the one eye sugarcanes with equal space (i.s. 1 feet?s or 2 feet?s) and sawing operation is to put the seed and fertilizer in rows at desired depth and seed to seed spacing, cover the seeds with soil and provide proper compaction over the seed in between farrow. The recommended row to row spacing, seed rate, seed to seed spacing and depth of seed placement vary from crop to crop and for different agro-climatic conditions to achieve optimum yields. Seed sowing devices plays a wide role in agriculture field

PCA-RECT: An Energy-efficient Object Detection Approach for Event Cameras

We present the first purely event-based, energy-efficient approach for object detection and categorization using an event camera. Compared to traditional frame-based cameras, choosing event cameras results in high temporal resolution (order of microseconds), low power consumption (few hundred mW) and wide dynamic range (120 dB) as attractive properties. However, event-based object recognition systems are far behind their frame-based counterparts in terms of accuracy. To this end, this paper presents an event-based feature extraction method devised by accumulating local activity across the image frame and then applying principal component analysis (PCA) to the normalized neighborhood region. Subsequently, we propose a backtracking-free k-d tree mechanism for efficient feature matching by taking advantage of the low-dimensionality of the feature representation. Additionally, the proposed k-d tree mechanism allows for feature selection to obtain a lower-dimensional dictionary representation when hardware resources are limited to implement dimensionality reduction. Consequently, the proposed system can be realized on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) device leading to high performance over resource ratio. The proposed system is tested on real-world event-based datasets for object categorization, showing superior classification performance and relevance to state-of-the-art algorithms. Additionally, we verified the object detection method and real-time FPGA performance in lab settings under non-controlled illumination conditions with limited training data and ground truth annotations.Comment: Accepted in ACCV 2018 Workshops, to appea