O DIAGNÓSTICO DE ANGÚSTIA ESPIRITUAL E A INTERVENÇÃO DE ENFERMAGEM NA PRÁTICA QUOTIDIANA DOS ENFERMEIROS

A espiritualidade é uma misteriosa e complexa dimensão da existência humana, que envolve aspetos na vida diária que são profundamente pessoais e sensíveis, como a religião ou a filiação religiosa e é tão mais complexa quanto mais envolve aspetos da vida na sua interligação com as crenças, os valores e a cultura, a que os enfermeiros não são alheios. A espiritualidade vem dar significado a algumas interrogações humanas ligadas aos valores, a estilos de vida, às crenças que se expressam em práticas religiosas, a crenças da relação do ser humano com Deus, com a natureza, com a beleza, com a arte. A atenção a esta dimensão está descrita nas primeiras teorias de enfermagem e é tacitamente aceite como integrante dos cuidados de enfermagem

Diagnosis of spiritual distress and nursing intervention

A espiritualidade é uma misteriosa e complexa dimensão da existência humana, que envolve aspetos na vida diária que são profundamente pessoais e sensíveis, como a religião ou a filiação religiosa e é tão mais complexa quanto mais envolve aspetos da vida na sua interligação com as crenças, os valores e a cultura, a que os enfermeiros não são alheios. A espiritualidade vem dar significado a algumas interrogações humanas ligadas aos valores, a estilos de vida, às crenças que se expressam em práticas religiosas, a crenças da relação do ser humano com Deus, com a natureza, com a beleza, com a arte. A atenção a esta dimensão está descrita nas primeiras teorias de enfermagem e é tacitamente aceite como integrante dos cuidados de enfermagem

Customer relationship management field lab at PCDIG: Customer segmentation

The purpose of this study is to suggest a segmentation model that best suits PCDIGA’s resources and its customer database. To achieve this, an extensive analysis was carried out about the company, which was combined with literature research regarding the subjects of customer relationship management and segmentation. As a result, a segmentation was proposed, which was tested through an online survey that reached over 4 000 individuals. Recommendations were drawn for the company to develop the resulting 7 segments according to their potential and value produced

Sono percebido, esforço para dormir e pensamentos pré-sono em idosos

Mestrado em Psicologia - Psicologia Clínica e da SaúdeO presente estudo teve como objectivos examinar, em idosos, o comportamento psicométrico das escalas BaSIQS (Escala Básica de Insónia e Qualidade do sono, de Gomes, 2005), GSES (Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale, de Broomfield e Espie, 2004) e GCTI (Glasgow Content of Thougths Inventory, de Harvey e Espie, 2004), nas versões portuguesas de (Marques et al. 2013a e Marques 2013b). Pretendeu também explorar aspetos de insónia, qualidade de sono, esforço para adormecer e pensamentos antes de domir, quer examinando as suas associações com o declínio cognitivo e a sintomatologia depressiva, quer comparando idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados. A BaSIQS avalia queixas de insónia e qualidade de sono; a GSES avalia o esforço que os indivíduos fazem para dormir, enquanto que a GCTI avalia os pensamentos intrusivos antes de adormecer. A análise foi realizada numa amostra de 60 adultos idosos portugueses, 30 institucionalizados e 30 não institucionalizados, com idades compreendidas entre os 66 e os 89 anos (M= 77.78; DP= 1.98), sendo 65% do sexo masculino e 35% do sexo feminino. Os resultados revelaram, quanto à consistência interna da BaSIQS, a GSES e a GCTI, valores de coeficientes alfa de Cronbach de α=0,734, α =0,759 e α=0,763, respetivamente. Constatou-se ainda que a BaSIQS, a GSES e a GCTI se associaram significativamente entre si. Após a comparação entre o grupo de idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados, observou-se a ausência de diferenças significativas entre ambos os grupos nas variáveis de sono estudadas. No presente estudo avaliou-se ainda o comprometimento cognitivo através do MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Nasreddine et al., 2005), versão portuguesa de (Freitas et al., 2011), e a sintomatologia depressiva através da GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale, Yesavage et al., 1983), verão portuguesa de (Barreto et al., 2003). Constatou-se que existe um maior declínio cognitivo nos idosos institucionalizados, comparativamente aos não institucionalizados. Relativamente à sintomatologia depressiva não se verificaram diferenças. Por fim, observou-se que a sintomatologia depressiva (mas não o declínio cognitivo) se associou significativamente às variáveis de sono. Em conclusão, os resultados sugerem que as escalas de sono BaSIQS, GSES e GCTI possuem qualidades psicométricas adequadas na nossa amostra de idosos. Constatou-se que pior sono percebido nas três escalas se associou a sintomatologia depressiva, o mesmo não sucedendo quanto ao declínio cognitivo. Por fim, o sono de idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados apresentou-se semelhante nos aspetos estudados. No entanto, dada a reduzida dimensão da amostra, mais estudos serão necessários.The aims of the present work were to analyze the psychometric behaviour of three sleep scales in elderly people: the BaSIQS (Basic Insomnia and Sleep Quality Scale, Gomes, 2005); the GSES (Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale, Broomfield and Espie, 2005) and the GCTI (Glasgow Content of Thoughts Inventory, Harvey and Espie, 2004), Portuguese versions (Marques et al., 2013a and Marques, 2013b). Then, to explore insomnia complaints, perceived sleep quality, sleep effort and thoughts before falling asleep, in elderly people, by considering cognitive decline and depressive symptoms, and by comparing institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly. The BaSIQS addresses complaints of insomnia and poor sleep quality. The GSES evaluates the efforts that people make in order to try to fall asleep. The GCTI evaluates recurrent intrusive thoughts that may arise before people fall asleep. Participants consisted of 60 elderly people, 30 institutionalized and 30 non-institutionalized, with ages between 66 and 89 years old (M=77.78; SD=1.98), 65% women and 35% men. As to internal consistency, Chronbach alpha coefficients were α= 0.734, α=0.759 and α= 0.763, respectively for the BaSIQS, GSES and GCTI. The three scales correlated significantly to each other. Comparing the non-institutionalized and institutionalized groups on those sleep measures, there were no significant diferences between them. As to cognitive decline measured by MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Nasreddine et al., 2005, Portuguese version by Freitas et al., 2011), and depressive symptoms assessed by GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale, Yesavage et al., 1983), Portuguese version by (Barreto et al., 2003), the institutionalized elders had more cognitive decline comparing to non-institutionalized, but as regards to depressive symptoms no differences were found between groups. Depressive symptoms were associated to higher sleep difficulties in all three scales, but none of the sleep measures correlated with cognitive decline. In conclusion, the results suggest that the BaSIQS, GSES and GCTI have acceptable psychometric properties in our sample of older adults. Depressive symptoms, but not cognitive decline, were associated with poorer sleep. Similarities in sleep measures were found between institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly. However, given the small sample size, further studies are needed in this population

Pine wilt disease and red ring disease of coconut: opportunities and perspectives in the study of two nematodes Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. cocophilus.

The xylophagous nematodes Bursaphelenchus cocophilus and B. xylophilus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae), are causative agents of two serious diseases, “red ring disease” (RRD) with great importance to coconut and certain oil palm species in Central and South America, and in “pine wilt disease” (PWD), which has wreaked havoc in forest areas in the Far East and now more recently in Europe (Portugal and Spain). PWD has not yet been detected in Brasil or any other country in Central or South America, but there is great risk of introduction due to worldwide movement of wood and wood products through major sea ports. Recently, for example, wood shipments originating from Brasil, infested with B. xylophilus, have been intercepted in China. Due to the taxonomical proximity between these two nematodes (the only two plant pathogenic species within the genus Bursaphelenchus, containing nearly 100 species), the similarity of life cycles (with the insect vectors Rhynchophorus palmarum for B. cocophilus and Monochamus spp. for B. xylophilus) and the likely genomic and proteomic similarities, a comparative study between these two nematodes may provide important insights into understanding RRD, in particular through the genome sequencing of B. cocophilus, and comparison with the recently sequenced genome of B. xylophilus. Knowledge on specific pathogenicity genes, involved in the RRD process, combined with past and present knowledge, should be helpful in designing new and effective control methods for this major tropical disease of coconut and palm

The "Planning Health in School” programme (PHS-pro) to improve healthy eating and physical activity: design, methodology, and process evaluation

Few interventions have successfully promoted healthy eating and active living among children with effective changes in anthropometric health outcomes. Well-designed interventions involving multiple strategies to convert the knowledge already available into action are needed for preventing childhood obesity. In this study, an educational programme called “Planning Health in School” (PHS-pro) was designed, implemented and evaluated to contribute to the prevention of obesity in childhood. The PHS-pro aimed at improving the eating behaviours and lifestyles of Portuguese grade-6 children towards healthier nutritional status. This paper describes and evaluates the PHS-pro concerning: (i) the research design within the theoretical framework grounded on “The Transtheoretical Model” and the stages of change; (ii) the educational components and the application of the participatory methodology to engage children to meet their needs, as active participants in their change process; and (iii) the process evaluation of the intervention. The implementation of the PHS-pro took into account the views and inputs of the participants for evaluating the educational components that should be considered in the designing of interventions aiming to be effective strategies. From the health promotion perspective, this study is important because it examines new approaches and pathways to effectively prevent overweight and obesity in children.Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), grant numbers SFRH/BD/79512/2011 and Research Centre on Child Studies (R&D Unit 317 of FCT; projects UIDB/00317/2020 and UIDP/00317/2020)

The influence of leisure activities on the health and welfare of older people living in nursing home

Background: Leisure activities, often left in the background throughout life, play an important role for older persons. They are activities that they like to accomplish, according to individual preferences that make it easier to maintain an active life, on a physical, mental and social level, improving their health. Objectives: I) Identify the leisure habits of older people living in nursing homes; II) Describe the nursing homes’offer of leisure activities; III) Identify relationships between leisure activities and the seniors’health condition. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study, in 12 nursing homes in the north of Portugal with a sample of 1,131 seniors. We performed a descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis using SPSS/PC for Windows, version 22. Results: Participants were mostly female, widows, with an average age of 84 years. The most common leisure activity is watching TV. Impaired sight and illiteracy are the most frequent causes of elderly people’s non-adherence to leisure activities. Leisure activities: card/board games, crafts and reading are associated with better cognitive performance; sightseeing and reading are associated with greater independence in self-care; watching television is associated with greater compromise of bodily processes and greater dependence on self-care; performing manual work is associated with less depression; walking is associated with a lower compromise of bodily processes and lower risk of falling. Conclusions: Leisure habits are important in maintaining the health of older people living in nursing homes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cost-benefit analysis of the ‘Planning Health in School’ programme to prevent children’s obesity

"9th European Public Health Conference: Parallel Sessions - Workshop: Cost-effectiveness studies in primary prevention interventions targeting children"This study evaluates the cost-benefits of the ‘Planning Health in School’ programme (PHS-pro), which was implemented for one-year in a follow-up non-randomized parallel-group trial that promoted healthy eating and active living in Portuguese children of 10-14 years. Anthropometric outcomes (height, weight, waist circumference- WC, BMI and waist-height-ratio- WHtR) and behaviour changes in 219 intervention children (IC) were compared to 230 controls children (CC). A standard economic evaluation was used to determine the cost-benefits of the intervention, following the societal perspective approach. PHS-pro intervention costs were estimated and compared to the direct costs of treating obese adults in Portugal based on a Portuguese study (Ribeiro V. 2010). The net benefit was measured by subtracting the delivery costs of the intervention per child from the total averted medical costs associated to treat an adult obese in Portugal. The findings provided evidence that the PHS-pro cost-benefits were economically feasible. The PHS-pro can be of beneficial investment to prevent overweight over in childhood and adolescence, developmental stages that determine adulthood free of chronic diseases.CIEC – Research Centre on Child Studies, IE, UMinho (FCT R&D unit 317), Portuga

Promover a saúde na escola: um modelo educativo para adoção de hábitos saudáveis de alimentação e atividade física

Projeto de investigaçãoMuitos adolescentes têm hábitos alimentares prejudiciais ao crescimento que podem levar à obesidade e outras doenças. Pretende-se desenvolver um estudo quase-experimental que integra a aquisição de conhecimentos sobre alimentação saudável e atividade física com a participação ativa das crianças (6º ano) na mudança de comportamentos. O processo inclui a ação dinamizadora dos professores e o apoio das famílias. Serão analisados parâmetros cognitivos, atitudinais, comportamentais e antropométricos.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - unidade de investigação 31