Reflections on distance education management in Brazil: case studies on the development of didatic material in distance education in corporate universities

The development of didactic material in Distance Education has been discussed in an incipient way in academic circles, through research focused on design models, and ways of using new technologies - videos, blogs, and social networks among others - with greater emphasis on public universities, thus neglecting the corporate universities. This paper presents the research conducted to identify the Management Model for the Development of Didactic Material in Distance Education adopted in Corporate Universities in state-owned companies in Brazil.The research carried out is based on a qualitative approach, focused on the analysis of multiple case studies. The data collection used the literature review and the online questionnaire for the coordinators/managers of the selected corporate universities. The data analysis leads to the conclusion that the 3 universities under study use the open and contextualised instructional design models, but do not use the ADDIE model in the development of the courseware. As for the model of management of the development of the teaching material, it was concluded that it is closed and defined by the company. This research has triggered new questions that need to be answered: i) what difficulties prevent the application of the ADDIE model in the development of instructional design in Corporate Universities?, ii) what future for corporate universities in Brazil's education system?info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Dificuldades no Processo de Aprendizagem de Algoritmos: uma Análise dos Resultados na Disciplina de AL1 do Curso de Sistemas de Informação da FAETERJ – Campus Paracambi

A disciplina de Algoritmos é a base para qualquer curso da área de Computação. Porém, para muitos alunos, constitui uma barreira difícil, pois apresenta conteúdos envolvendo interpretação de texto, raciocínio lógico e matemática. O artigo tem como objetivo estudar as dificuldades dos alunos ao cursar a disciplina AL1 do curso de Sistemas de Informação da FAETERJ-Campus Paracambi. Para isso, foi feito um levantamento dos índices de aprovação/reprovação na disciplina no triênio 2010-2012 e aplicado um questionário junto aos alunos sobre as dificuldades de assimilação dos conteúdos da disciplina para que se possa apontar um início para a melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem na disciplina de Algoritmos

A imunomarcação positiva para c-kit está associada com a presença de células análogas às intersticiais de Cajal no músculo ciliar?

PURPOSE: Interstitial cells of Cajal were identified in the gastrointestinal tract of several species, with close relation to the enteric nervous system. Since it was recognized that interstitial cells of Cajal express the gene product of c-kit, we performed immunohistochemistry for c-kit protein in ciliary muscle specimens of monkeys' eyes. METHODS: Eight eyes from four adult male new world monkeys (Cebus apella) were studied. After blocking endogenous peroxidase activity and nonspecific protein binding, 1:100 dilution of mouse monoclonal antibody against c-kit human oncoprotein was applied to tissues. Antigen-antibody reaction was visualized using the avidin-biotinylated horseradish peroxidase complex in each slide. RESULTS: We observed some groups of fusiform c-kit expressing cells located amongst muscle bundles of the ciliary muscle. Other pigment cells and mast cells were also observed. CONCLUSION: C-kit expressing cells observed in the ciliary muscle of Cebus apella, showed no similarity to melanocytes or mast cells and they could be associated with their gastrointestinal interstitial cells of Cajal counterpart.OBJETIVO: As células intersticiais de Cajal estão presentes no trato gastrintestinal de diversas espécies animais, em íntima relação com o sistema nervoso entérico. Uma vez que as células intersticiais de Cajal expressam o produto do gene c-kit, realizou-se um ensaio imuno-histoquímico a fim de se verificar a marcação da proteína c-kit no músculo ciliar de amostras de olhos de macacos. MÉTODOS: Oito olhos de quatro macacos do novo mundo (Cebus apella) foram estudados. Após bloqueio da peroxidase endógena e de ligação protéica não específica, os tecidos receberam aplicação de anticorpos de camundongos antioncoproteína c-kit humana (1:100). A reação antígeno-anticorpo foi verificada através da aplicação do complexo avidina-biotinilada-peroxidase em cada lâmina. RESULTADOS: Foram observados grupos de células que expressam c-kit, localizadas entre as fibras do músculo ciliar. Mastócitos e outras células pigmentadas também foram observadas. CONCLUSÃO: Algumas células que expressam c-kit, observadas no músculo ciliar de Cebus apella, não mostraram similaridade com mastócitos ou melanócitos e podem ser classificadas como análogas das células intersticiais de Cajal gastrintestinais.Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)FAPES

Development of the Coordination Dimension of Relational Capabilities: Comparison between For- Profit and Non-profit Technology Transfer Partnerships

In order to ensure the success of a technology transfer partnership for-profit or non-profit, it is necessary to understand which relational capabilities (RC) to explore. This article analyses which factors can assist in the development of the coordination dimension of RC, in cooperation with the development of non-profit and profit-oriented technologies, highlighting their similarities and differences. The method used was multi-case qualitative research, studying two groups (group N and group P), each with 5 entities. The main differences highlighted is the increase of social credibility for the group N and the knowledge dissemination of the partners and the processes improvement for the group P. Within this research, it was possible to deepen the model of Alves (2015), regarding the inclusion of factors that can help the development of RC Management dimensions. Understanding capabilities development in each alliance is the implication of the study

DANOS CAUSADOS POR PERCEVEJO-DE-RENDA NA PRODUÇÃO DE PARTE AÉREA E RAÍZES DE MANDIOCA

This research evaluated the economic damage of lacebug Vatiga illudens (Drake, 1922) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) upon cassava root and foliage yield. The experiments were carried out from 1994 to 1997 at the experimental area of Embrapa Cerrados, at the municipality of Planaltina - DF. The experimental design used was completely randomized blocks with four replications, in a scheme of subdivided plots. The plots consisted of varieties and in the subplots, randomized within each block, treatments with or without chemical control of lacebug were applied, mediated by sprays every two weeks with insecticides based on monocrotophos, dimetoate and vamidotion. The results obtained revealed that 1) high levels of lacebug nymph and adult infestation reduced cassava foliage and root yield and that 2) the sprays with insecticides resulted in increases of cassava foliage and root yield.Esta pesquisa avaliou o dano provocado pelo percevejo-de-renda Vatiga illudens (Drake, 1922) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) na produtividade de raízes e da parte aérea em mandioca. Os experimentos foram conduzidos entre 1994 e 1997 na área experimental da Embrapa Cerrados, no município de Planaltina - DF. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituídas pelas variedades e nas subparcelas, casualizadas dentro de cada bloco, foram testados os tratamentos sem controle e com controle químico do percevejo-de-renda, através de pulverizações quinzenais com inseticidas à base de monocrotofós, dimetoato e vamidotion. Os resultados revelaram que 1) elevados níveis de infestação de ninfas e de adultos do percevejo-de-renda reduziram a produtividade da parte aérea e das raízes em mandioca e 2) pulverizações com inseticidas resultaram em acréscimos de produção de raízes e parte aérea em mandioca

Elucidating tumor immunosurveillance and immunoediting: a comprehensive review

The action of the immune system against neoplastic diseases has become one of the main sources of research. The biological pathways of this system are known to contribute in limiting the progression and elimination of the tumor, and are delineated by concepts and mechanisms of immunosurveillance and immunoediting. Immunosurveillance is considered the process by which the immune system recognizes and inhibits the neoplastic process. The concept of immunoediting arises in the sense that immune system is able to shape the antigenic profile of the tumor due to selective pressure, based on the stages of tumor elimination, balance and evasion. The immune response occurs against tumor antigens and changes in the tumor microenvironment, involving different components of the innate immune system, such as T cells, natural Killer cells, B lymphocytes and macrophages. In this sense, knowing these concepts and understanding their respective mechanisms becomes essential in the investigation of new strategies for cancer prevention and cure. Thus, this review presents historical aspects and definitions of immunosurveillance and tumor immunoediting, with emphasis on its importance and applicability, such as on the different methods used in immunotherapy. Keywords: immunocompetence; tumor immunology; immunotherapy; tumor progression; immune syste

Evolução da prática de irrigação por pivô central no município de Morrinhos (GO) e a pressão sobre os recursos hídricosEvolution of practice for center-pivot irrigated in Morrinhos (GO) and the pressure on water resources

Neste início de século XXI, diante do crescente problema da escassez de recursos hídricos em várias partes do planeta, a água vem se constituindo num dos mais cobiçados recursos minerais do planeta. Na perspectiva de entender a pressão sofrida pelos recursos hídricos, buscou-se com a pesquisa evidenciar a evolução e a espacialização do pivô central no município de Morrinhos (GO) e demonstrar a consequente pressão sobre os recursos hídricos. Entende-se que conhecer o avanço e a espacialização dos pivôs é necessário para, posteriormente, a realização de medidas mitigadoras que possam contribuir para minimizar essa pressão. O município de Morrinhos (GO), localizado na porção sul do estado de Goiás, foi escolhido como recorte espacial, por ser um dos maiores produtores de grãos do estado e o segundo município em número de pivô central. Na pesquisa, quantificou-se o número de pivôs centrais nos anos de 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 e 2010, através de cenas/imagens LANDSAT – 5 e 8. Após identificação dos pivôs centrais, realizou-se a vetorização, possibilitando a verificação da área ocupada. Com a análise dos dados encontrados, observou-se que o maior número de pivôs foi implantado entre o período de 1990 e 1995. Observa-se também que os pivôs ocupam, principalmente, as proximidades das rodovias, além de gerarem enorme consumo de água e, consequentemente, um aumento na pressão sobre os recursos hídricos. Diante dos resultados encontrados, sugere-se maior atenção do Poder Público na concessão de outorgas, bem como a necessidade de estudos para verificar a real capacidade dos recursos hídricos locais.AbstractAt the beginning of XXI century, before the growing problem of water scarcity in many parts of the world, water is becoming an of the most coveted mineral resources of the planet. From the perspective of understanding the pressure suffered by the water, sought with research demonstrate the evolution and spatial distribution ofcenter-pivot in Morrinhos (GO) and demonstrate the consequent pressure on water resources. It is understood that, knowing the progress and the spatial distribution of the centers is required to subsequently carrying out mitigating measures that can help to minimize this pressure. Morrinhos (GO) is located in the southern portion of the Goiás, was chosen as spatial area being one of the largest state grain producers and the second municipality in number of center-pivot. In the survey, quantified the number of center-pivot in the years 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010, through scenes LANDSAT - 5 and 8. After the identification of the central pivots, held vectoring, enabling verification of the occupied area. With the analysis data, it was observed that the largest number of center-pivot was implemented in the period between 1990 and 1995. It is also observed that center-pivot occupy mainly the nearby highways, besides generating huge consumption of water, and consequently, an increase in pressure on water resources. Given the results found suggests a greater attention of the Government in awarding grants, as well as the need for studies to verify the real capacity of local water resources

Altitude influence on the quality of 'Chardonnay' and 'Pinot Noir' grapes in the state of Minas Gerais

No Sul e Sudeste brasileiros, o excesso de chuvas durante o período de maturação afeta negativamente a qualidade dos vinhos tintos. Por outro lado, estas regiões possuem potencial para a elaboração de espumantes, uma vez que, para a elaboração desta bebida, a uva é colhida antes de completar o amadurecimento. No Estado de Minas Gerais, as condições de verão chuvoso estão presentes em todas as regiões de potencial vitícola, e a variação de altitude entre elas pode exercer influência na composição das uvas. Desta forma, este estudo buscou avaliar o potencial de maturação de uvas 'Chardonnay' e 'Pinot Noir' destinadas à elaboração de espumantes em dois locais de Minas Gerais: Cordislândia (873m) e Caldas (1.150m). As plantas foram enxertadas sobre 1.103 Paulsen e conduzidas em espaldeira. Foram avaliados os teores de sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total, ácidos málico e tartárico, e pH do mosto, tamanho e massa das bagas, compostos fenólicos nas cascas e sementes, antocianinas na casca e açúcares solúveis nas bagas, em duas safras consecutivas. As bagas apresentaram maior tamanho e massa quando cultivadas em Caldas. As uvas colhidas em Cordislândia apresentaram maior grau de maturação, sendo observados maior pH, maiores teores de glicose e frutose, e quantidade inferior de acidez e fenólicos totais nas sementes. Os maiores teores de ácido málico presentes nas uvas provenientes de Caldas sugerem que esta região pode ser mais indicada à produção de uvas para elaboração de vinhos espumantes.In the southern and southeastern of Brazil, the excessive rainfall during the maturation period negatively affects the quality of red wines. On the other hand, these regions have great potential for the development of sparklings since that for the elaboration of this drink, the grape is harvested before complete its maturation. In the state of Minas Gerais, the conditions of rainy summer season are present in all regions of grape production potential, and the altitude variation between them influence on the grapes composition. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the potential for maturing of the grapes 'Chardonnay' and 'Pinot Noir' which are designated for the preparation of sparklings in two locations of Minas Gerais: Cordislândia (873m) and Caldas (1150m). The plants were grafted on 1103 Paulsen and conducted in trellis. It was evaluated the contents of total soluble solids, total acidity, malic and tartaric acid, and pH of the wort, size and mass of the berries, phenolic compounds in the peels and in the seeds, anthocyanins in the peels and soluble sugars in the berries in two seasons in a row. The berries had higher size and mass when grown in Caldas. The grapes harvested in Cordislândia presented a higher maturity degree, and it was observed a higher pH, higher levels of glucose and fructose, and a lower amount of acidity and total phenolic content in the seeds. The highest levels of malic acid present in the grapes of Caldas suggest that this region may be more appropriate for the production of grapes which are used for making sparklings.FAPEMIGCNP

An engineered POSS drug delivery system for copper(II) anticancer metallodrugs in selective application toward melanoma cells

In this work, a polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS) was used as an engineered drug deliverysystem for two oxindolimine-copper(II) anticancer complexes, [Cu(isaepy)]+ and[Cu(isapn)]+. The interest in hybrid POSS comes from the necessity of developing materialsthat can act as adjuvant to improve the cytotoxicity of non-soluble metallodrugs.Functionalization of POSS with a triazole ligand (POSS-atzac) permitted the anchorage ofsuch copper complexes, producing hybrid materials with efficient cytotoxic effects.Structural and morphological characterization of these copper-POSS systems wereperformed by using different techniques (IR, NMR, thermogravimetric analysis). Acombination of continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed EPR (HYSCORE) spectroscopiesconducted at X-band have enabled the complete characterization of the coordinationenvironment of the copper ion in the POSS-atzac matrix. Additionally, the cytotoxic effectsof the loaded materials, [Cu(isapn)]@POSS-atzac and [Cu(isaepy)]@POSS-atzac, wereassessed toward melanomas (SK-MEL), in comparison to non-tumorigenic cells (FibroblastP4). Evaluation of their nuclease activity or ability to cleavage DNA indicatedconcentrations as low as 0.6 μg/mL, while complete DNA fragmentation was observed at25 μg/mL. By using adequate scavengers, investigations on active intermediatesresponsible for their cytotoxicity were performed, both in the absence and in the presenceof ascorbate as a reducing agent. Based on the observed selective cytotoxicity of thesematerials toward melanomas, investigations on the reactivity of complexes andcorresponding POSS-materials with melanin, a molecule that contributes to melanomaresistance to chemotherapy, was carried out. Results indicated a main role of binuclearcopper species, formed at the surface of the silica matrix, in the observed reactivity andselectivity