Birth weight and heart rate autonomic recovery following exercise in healthy term-born adults

The impact of birth weight (BW) on adult health has been studied, related to the autonomic nervous system, and implicated in cardiovascular risk. We investigated cardiorespiratory and heart rate (HR) autonomic recovery after moderate effort in healthy term-born adults with different BWs. We studied 28 healthy physically active women aged between 18 to 30 years split equally into two groups according to BW: G1 (n = 14), BW between 2500 g and 3200 g and G2 (n = 14), BW > 3200 g. The groups remained seated at rest for 15 min, followed by aerobic exercise on a treadmill (five minutes at 50–55% of maximum HR and 25 min 60–65% of maximum HR) and then remained seated for 60 min during recovery from the exercise. Cardiorespiratory parameters and HR variability (HRV) [RMSSD, HF (ms2)] were assessed before and during recovery from exercise. In G1, HR was increased from 0 to 20 min after exercise whilst in G2 HR was higher from 0 to 7 min following exercise. In G1, short-term HRV was increased from 5 to 10 min after exercise but in G2 it recovered prior to 5 min following effort. In conclusion, healthy term-born women with low normal BW present slower HR autonomic recovery after exercise

A systematic review to investigate whether birth weight affects the autonomic nervous system in adulthood

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between birth weight and the autonomic nervous system in adulthood through a systematic review. Data source: This is a systematic review of publications without limitation of year and language. We included studies involving the autonomic nervous system and birth weight in adults. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Cochrane Library and Scopus databases, using “Autonomic Nervous System” OR “Heart Rate” OR “Heart Rate Variability” AND “Birth Weight” as a search strategy. This review is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews — PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020165622). Data synthesis: We found 894 articles; 215 were excluded for duplicity. Of the remaining 679 studies, 11 remained. Two were excluded because they did not specifically treat the autonomic nervous system or birth weight. There were nine publications, two cohort and seven cross-sectional studies. The main findings were that extreme, very low, low or high birth weight may have some impact on the autonomic nervous system in adult life. Conclusions: Birth weight outside the normality rate may have a negative influence on the autonomic nervous system, causing autonomic dysfunction and increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in adult life. Thus, the importance of the follow-up of health professionals from pregnancy to gestation and throughout life, with preventive care being emphasized. = Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre o peso ao nascer e o sistema nervoso autônomo na vida adulta por meio de uma revisão sistemática. Fontes de dados: Esta é uma revisão sistemática de publicações, sem limitação de ano e idioma. Incluímos estudos envolvendo o sistema nervoso autônomo e peso ao nascer em adultos. Os manuscritos foram selecionados das bases de dados eletrônicos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Cochrane Library e Scopus, utilizando “Autonomic Nervous System” OR “Heart Rate” OR “Heart Rate Variability” AND “Birth Weight” como estratégia de busca. Esta revisão está registrada pelo International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews — PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020165622). Síntese dos dados: Nós encontramos 894 artigos. Deles, 215 foram excluídos por duplicidade. Entre os 679 remanescentes, 11 permaneceram, dos quais dois foram excluídos por não tratarem especificamente do sistema nervoso autônomo ou do peso ao nascer. Restaram nove publicações, sendo duas longitudinais e sete transversais. Os principais achados foram que o peso extremo baixo, muito baixo, baixo ou alto ao nascer pode ter algum impacto no sistema nervoso autônomo na vida adulta. Conclusões: O peso ao nascer fora da normalidade pode influenciar negativamente o sistema nervoso autônomo, causando disfunção autonômica e aumentando o risco de doenças cardiovasculares na vida adulta. Assim, ressalta-se a importância do acompanhamento dos profissionais de saúde desde a gravidez até a gestação, pré-natal e ao longo da vida, com cuidados preventivos para esta situação

Slow breathing influences cardiac autonomic responses to postural maneuver Slow breathing and HRV

Chronic slow breathing has been reported to improve Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in patients with cardiovascular disorders. However, it is not clear regarding its acute effects on HRV responses on autonomic analysis. We evaluated the acute effects of slow breathing on cardiac autonomic responses to postural change manoeuvre (PCM). The study was conducted on 21 healthy male students aged between 18 and 35 years old. In the control protocol, the volunteer remained at rest seated for 15 min under spontaneous breathing and quickly stood up within 3 s and remained standing for 15 min. In the slow breathing protocol, the volunteer remained at rest seated for 10 min under spontaneous breath, then performed slow breathing for 5 min and rapidly stood up within 3 s and remained standing for 15 min. Slow breathing intensified cardiac autonomic responses to postural maneuver. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.CNPqCentro de Estudos do Sistema Nervoso Autônomo (CESNA), Departamento de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências, UNESP, Marília, SP, BrazilCardiorespiratory Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford OX3 0BP, United KingdomDisciplina de Cardiologia, Departamento de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BrazilDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard Medical School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United StatesCentro de Estudos do Sistema Nervoso Autônomo (CESNA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, SP, BrazilDisciplina de Cardiologia, Departamento de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, BrazilCNPq: 29360Web of Scienc

Efeitos do Treinamento Autógeno sobre a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca na perspectiva dos índices não lineares

Objetivo:  El  presente  estudio  tuvo  como  objetivo  analizar  los  efectos  de  una  técnica  de  relajación  denominada entrenamiento autógeno, sobre la variabilidad no lineal de la frecuencia cardíaca, con la hipótesis de que la relajación en cuestión es capaz de promover una mayor sinergia entre los sistemas nerviosos simpático y parasimpático,evitando así  altos  niveles  de  estrés  y  futuras  complicaciones. Métodos:  Se  llevó  a  cabo  un  estudio  clínico  transversal, controlado,  no  aleatorizado,  abierto,  con  19  participantes  que  realizaron  una  sola  sesión de  entrenamiento  autógeno. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que ambos os grupos (experimental y placebo) tuvieron un valor de p <0,05 y, en ocasiones,  marginalmente  significativo.  Esta  consecuencia  lleva  a  la  siguiente  pregunta: ¿el  entrenamiento  autógeno proporciona  un estado de  relajación solo por el  efecto placebo? Conclusión: De  acuerdo con el  estudio, se  concluye que  durante  el  entrenamiento  autógeno  no  hubo  aumento  en  la  respuesta  caótica,  y  no  hubo  mejoría  en  la  sinergia entre los sistemas nerviosos simpático y parasimpático. = Objective:  The  present  study  intended  to  analyze  the  effects  of  a  relaxation  technique  called  autogenic  training,  on nonlinear  heart  rate  variability,  with  the  hypothesis  that  the  relaxation  in  question  is  capable  of  promotegreater synergism between the  sympathetic  and the  parasympathetic  nervous system, thus avoiding high levels of stress and future complications. Methods: To this end, a controlled, non-randomized, open and cross-sectional clinical study was conducted, with19 participants who underwent a single session of autogenic training. Results: The results show that both  groups  (experimental  and  placebo)  had  p-value<0.05  and  sometimes  marginally  significant.  This  consequence instigates  the  following  question:  does  autogenic  training  AT  provide  a  state  of  relaxation  only  by  reason  of  the placebo  effect? Conclusion:  According  to  the  study,  it  is  concluded  that  during  the  autogenic  training  there  was  no increase  in  the  chaotic  response,  in  addition  to  no  improvement  in  the synergism  between  the  sympathetic  and  the parasympathetic nervous system

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population