Lanthorn, vol. 31, no. 23, February 20, 1997

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State\u27s student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present

Chemical analysis of a terminalia gland extract of a <i>Paysandisia archon</i> male.

<p>(a) Partial GC-MS chromatogram of an extract of male terminalia of <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> in comparison to the synthetic standards Z9-18:Ac (containing the E isomer as minor component) (b), E2,Z13-18:Ac (c), and 18:Ac (d).</p

Localization of the double bonds of the diene acetate E2,Z13-18:Ac and monoene Z9-18:Ac present in a terminalia extract of a <i>Paysandisia archon</i> male.

<p>Assignment of the main ions in the mass spectrum of the addition compounds of one/two mol/es of DMDS to E2,Z13-18:Ac. Addition of the first mole takes place preferentially to the double bond at C-13 to give the mono-adduct of MW 402 (a). Addition of the second mole to the double bond at C-2 gives rise to the bis-adduct of MW 496 (see text) (b). Assignment of the diagnostic ions of the mass spectrum of the DMDS adduct of Z9-18:Ac (c).</p

Analysis of ovipositor extracts of virgin, during mating, or mated <i>Paysandisia archon</i> females.

<p>Chromatograms of GC-MS analysis of extracts of the ovipositor of <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> virgin females (a), during mating (b), and after mating (c). (1) = Z9-18:Ac, (2) = E2,Z13-18:Ac, (3) = 18:Ac. The other compounds shown in the figure are fatty acids (stearic, oleic and linoleic acids), long chain hydrocarbons and column phase artifacts.</p

Midleg of a <i>Paysandisia archon</i> male.

<p>(A) Foreleg, (B) Midleg and (C) Hindleg of the same specimen (scale bar 2 mm). Coxa and trochanter are not shown in midleg and hindleg. Red, yellow and black arrows signal femur, tibia and basitarsus, respectively. In the midlegs the 1^st tarsomere or basitarsus (delimited by dashed lines) is notably enlarged with respect to that of forelegs and hindlegs. (D) Side view of full midleg (excluding coxa and trochanter). Terminal circle (yellow dashed line) shows the 5^th tarsomere or pretarsus, which holds the paronychia and claws. Scale bar 2 mm. (E) Close-up of pretarsus seen lateroventrally, and showing the two pulvilli with large brush-like paronychia, which seem to be used by males to spread the dienol on palm leaves and nearby plants. Scale bar 0.25 mm (Photos V. Sarto i Monteys).</p

Mean amount (±SD) of E2,Z,13–18:OH detected in the tibia, basitarsus and “distal tarsus” of <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> males of different ages¹.

<p>Mean amount (±SD) of E2,Z,13–18:OH detected in the tibia, basitarsus and “distal tarsus” of <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> males of different ages<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0171166#t002fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Mean amount (±SD) of Z,E- and E,E-farnesals detected in the forewings and hindwings of <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> males of different ages¹^,².

<p>Mean amount (±SD) of Z,E- and E,E-farnesals detected in the forewings and hindwings of <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> males of different ages<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0171166#t001fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>^,<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0171166#t001fn002" target="_blank">²</a>.</p

Analysis of extracts of tibia, basitarsus and “distal tarsus” of a <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> male.

<p>Chromatogram of a GC-MS analysis showing the almost exclusive presence of E2,Z13-18:OH in the basitarsus (Z9-14:OH as IS).</p

Terminalia annular gland of a <i>Paysandisia archon</i> male.

<p>(A) Terminalia of a live <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> male showing the expanded ring-shaped gland that produces the three acetates Z9-18:Ac, E2,Z13-18:Ac and 18:Ac mentioned in the text. Scale bar 2 mm. (B) Terminalia of a dead <i>P</i>. <i>archon</i> male (preserved in 70% ethanol) with all terminal scales removed (except the pleural scales) showing the ring-shaped gland. The epithelial gland appears shrinked but numerous folds can be seen allowing for its expansion (as seen in A). Scale bar 2 mm. (Photos V. Sarto i Monteys).</p