Analysis of the pathogenic potential of nosocomial Pseudomonas putida strains

Pseudomonas putida strains are ubiquitous in soil and water but have also been reported as opportunistic human pathogens capable of causing nosocomial infections. In this study we describe the multilocus sequence typing of four P. putida strains (HB13667, HB8234, HB4184 and HB3267) isolated from in-patients at the Besançon Hospital (France). The four isolates (in particular HB3267) were resistant to a number of antibiotics. The pathogenicity and virulence potential of the strains was tested ex vivo and in vivo using different biological models: human tissue culture, mammalian tissues and insect larvae. Our results showed a significant variability in the ability of the four strains to damage the host; HB13667 did not exhibit any pathogenic traits, HB4184 caused damage only ex vivo in human tissue cultures, and HB8234 had a deleterious effect in tissue culture and in vivo on rat skin, but not in insect larvae. Interestingly, strain HB3267 caused damage in all the model systems studied. The putative evolution of these strains in medical environments is discussed

Analysis of the pathogenic potential of nosocomial Pseudomonas putida strains

The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00871Pseudomonas putida strains are ubiquitous in soil and water but have also been reported as opportunistic human pathogens capable of causing nosocomial infections. In this study we describe the multilocus sequence typing of four P. putida strains (HB13667, HB8234, HB4184, and HB3267) isolated from in-patients at the Besançon Hospital (France). The four isolates (in particular HB3267) were resistant to a number of antibiotics. The pathogenicity and virulence potential of the strains was tested ex vivo and in vivo using different biological models: human tissue culture, mammalian tissues, and insect larvae. Our results showed a significant variability in the ability of the four strains to damage the host; HB13667 did not exhibit any pathogenic traits, HB4184 caused damage only ex vivo in human tissue cultures, and HB8234 had a deleterious effect in tissue culture and in vivo on rat skin, but not in insect larvae. Interestingly, strain HB3267 caused damage in all the model systems studied. The putative evolution of these strains in medical environments is discussed.Work in this study was supported by the ERANET Pathogenomics Program through the ADHERS-Signature Project (reference: BIO2008-04419-E)Peer reviewe

Molecules involved in the sperm interaction in the human uterine tube: a histochemical and immunohistochemical approach

In humans, even where millions of spermatozoa are deposited upon ejaculation in the vagina, only a few thousand enter the uterine tube (UT). Sperm transiently adhere to the epithelial cells lining the isthmus reservoir, and this interaction is essential in coordinating the availability of functional spermatozoa for fertilization. The binding of spermatozoa to the UT epithelium (mucosa) occurs due to interactions between cell-adhesion molecules on the cell surfaces of both the sperm and the epithelial cell. However, in humans, there is little information about the molecules involved. The aim of this study was to perform a histological characterization of the UT focused on determining the tissue distribution and deposition of some molecules associated with cell adhesion (F-spondin, galectin-9, osteopontin, integrin αV/β3) and UT’s contractile activity (TNFα-R1, TNFα-R2) in the follicular and luteal phases. Our results showed the presence of galectin-9, F-spondin, osteopontin, integrin αV/β3, TNFα-R1, and TNFα-R2 in the epithelial cells in ampullar and isthmic segments during the menstrual cycle. Our results suggest that these molecules could form part of the sperm-UT interactions. Future studies will shed light on the specific role of each of the identified molecules

Análisis e implementación de una futura incorporación del Ecuador al apec (foro de cooperación económica asia - pacífico)

Hoy en día la economía ecuatoriana refleja los problemas de no haber logrado establecer políticas de estado encaminadas a la mejora de las condiciones de vida de quienes habitan en este país. Frente a esto pensamos que es hora de iniciar este trabajo y que uno de sus componentes debe ser necesariamente el relacionado con la reorientación que queramos dar a nuestro comercio internacional en vista de la importancia de este sector para el país. Las economías de la Cuenca del Pacífico son una de las alternativas, y dado el concepto de globalización en que nos vemos incluidos, no podemos como país quedarnos atrás, presentándose este hecho como una interesante oportunidad económica dado lo innovador del planteamiento y lo hacemos, sin embargo, reconociendo que ello incrementaría la exposición del Ecuador a las fluctuaciones económicas de origen exterior, en lo positivo y negativo, como ha demostrado la experiencia reciente de las economías rusa y asiáticas. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de las posibilidades de nuestro país al incorporarse a este proceso, mediante el estudio de organizaciones en la Cuenca del Pacífico y nuestras relaciones con dicha región del planeta, planteando luego el organismo que en nuestro país se encargará de este proceso

Análisis e implementación de una futura incorporación del Ecuador al apec (foro de coperación economica asia pacifico)

APEC ES LA ORGANIZACION MAS IMPORTANTE EN LA REGION ASIA-PACIFICO O TAMBIEN LLAMADA LA CUENCA DEL PACIFICO. SE ENCARGA DE DISEÑAR Y EJECUTAR POLITICAS PARA LOGRAR UN INCREMENTO EN LAS RELACIONES ECONOMICAS Y COOPERACION TECNOLOGICA ENTRE LOS PAISES MIEMBROS. ESTE TRABAJO PRESENTA LA REORIENTACION DE NUESTRO COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL HACIA LA REGION ASIATICA, SU IMPACTO EN EL ECUADOR Y LA IMPLEMENTACION DE ESTE PROCESO. FINALMENTE SE PLANTEA LA IMPLEMENTACION DEL INGRESO DE NUESTRO PAIS A ESTE ORGANISMO, PARTIENDO DE UN ANALISIS DE LOS ROLES DE INSTITUCIONES DE PROMOCION DE EXPORTACIONES E INVERSIONES EN OTROS PAISES DE LA REGION Y DE LA CORPEI, HASTA LLEGAR A PROPONER UNA NUEVA ESTRUCTURA DE

Detergent-Based Protocols on Decellularization of Corneas With Sclerocorneal Limbus. Evaluation of Regional Differences.

JOURNAL ARTICLE;PURPOSE In this work, we decellularized whole porcine corneas including the sclerocorneal limbus (SCL) and we evaluated regional differences in order to identify an efficient method to decellularize whole corneas for future clinical use. METHODS We analyzed the efficiency of four decellularization protocols based on benzalkonium chloride (BAK), Igepal, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and Triton X-100 detergents on whole porcine corneas. RESULTS Results showed that the decellularization efficiency of most protocols was low, with the specific protocol resulting in more efficient levels of decellularization being 0.1% SDS for 48 hours, especially in the medium and posterior cornea regions. A significant correlation was found between the decellularization efficiency and the concentration of agent used (P = 0.0174; r = 0.1540), but not for the incubation time (P > 0.05). The analysis of cornea components preservation demonstrated that all protocols were able to preserve the integrity of the Bowman's layer and Descemet's membrane. Although the collagen structure was partially altered, the global decellularization groups showing highest preservation of the ECM collagen contents and orientation were Igepal and SDS, with differences among the three regions of the cornea. All global groups showed high levels of proteoglycan and glycoprotein preservation after decellularization, with the best results were found in the SDS group followed by the Igepal group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that very powerful protocols are necessary for whole-cornea decellularization. For the generation of lamelar corneas for clinical use, decellularization regional differences should be taken into account. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE Decellularized whole corneas may be potential therapeutic agents for lamelar keratoplasty.Supported by grants from the Spanish Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica (I+D+I) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), Grants FIS PI11/2680 and FIS PI11/1582 (cofinanced by FEDER funds, European Union), and by Grants PI-0462-2010 and P10-CTS-6060 from Consejería de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas Sociales and Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucia, Spain.Ye

Biocompatible magnetic core–shell nanocomposites for engineered magnetic tissues

International audienceThe inclusion of magnetic nanoparticles into biopolymer matrixes enables the preparation of magnetic field-responsive engineered tissues. Here we describe a synthetic route to prepare biocompatible core– shell nanostructures consisting of a polymeric core and a magnetic shell, which are used for this purpose. We show that using a core–shell architecture is doubly advantageous. First, gravitational settling for core– shell nanocomposites is slower because of the reduction of the composite average density connected to the light polymer core. Second, the magnetic response of core–shell nanocomposites can be tuned by changing the thickness of the magnetic layer. The incorporation of the composites into biopolymer hydrogels containing cells results in magnetic field-responsive engineered tissues whose mechanical properties can be controlled by external magnetic forces. Indeed, we obtain a significant increase of the viscoelastic moduli of the engineered tissues when exposed to an external magnetic field. Because the composites are functionalized with polyethylene glycol, the prepared bio-artificial tissue-like constructs also display excellent ex vivo cell viability and proliferation. When implanted in vivo, the engineered tissues show good biocompatibility and outstanding interaction with the host tissue. Actually, they only cause a localized transitory inflammatory reaction at the implantation site, without any effect on other organs. Altogether, our results suggest that the inclusion of magnetic core–shell nanocomposites into biomater-ials would enable tissue engineering of artificial substitutes whose mechanical properties could be tuned to match those of the potential target tissue. In a wider perspective, the good biocompatibility and magnetic behavior of the composites could be beneficial for many other applications

In vitro characterization of a nanostructured fibrin agarose bio-artificial nerve substitute

"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Carriel, V., Scionti, G., Campos, F., Roda, O., Castro, B., Cornelissen, M., Garzón, I., and Alaminos, M. (2017) In vitro characterization of a nanostructured fibrin agarose bio-artificial nerve substitute. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 11: 1412–1426., which has been published in final form at [10.1002/term.2039. . This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."Neural tissue engineering is focused on the design of novel biocompatible substitutes to repair peripheral nerve injuries. In this paper we describe a nanostructured fibrin–agarose bioartificial nerve substitute (NFABNS), based on nanostructured fibrin–agarose hydrogels (FAHs) with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSCs). These NFABNSs were mechanically characterized and HADMSCs behaviour was evaluated using histological and ultrastructural techniques. Mechanical characterization showed that the NFABNSs were resistant, flexible and elastic, with a high deformation capability. Histological analyses carried out in vitro during 16 days revealed that the number of HADMSCs decreased over time, with a significant increase after 16 days. HADMSCs formed cell clusters and degraded the surrounding scaffold during this time; additionally, HADMSCs showed active cell proliferation and cytoskeletal remodelling, with a progressive synthesis of extracellular matrix molecules. Finally, this study demonstrated that it is possible to generate biologically active and mechanically stable tissue-like substitutes with specific dimensions, based on the use of HADMSCs, FAHs and a nanostructure technique. However, in vivo analyses are needed to demonstrate their potential usefulness in peripheral nerve repairPeer Reviewe

Intracellular ionic concentrations of potassium, sodium, chlorine and K/Na ratio of 9 consecutive cell passages of TMJF cells.

<p>Statistically significant differences between two consecutive cell passages are labeled with asterisks. All values are expressed as millimoles of each element per kilogram of cell dry weight and are shown as mean ± standard deviation.</p