Synthesis and Characterization of a New Cobalt(II) Complex with 2-(2-Pyridyl)Imino-N-(2-Thiazolin-2-yl)Thiazolidine (PyTT)

The compound aquanitrate-кObis[2-(2-pyridy)-imin-кN-N-(2-thiazin-кN-2-y)thiazidine]cbat() nitrate has been isolated and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The environment around the cobalt atom may be described as a distorted octahedral geometry with the ligand-metal-ligand bite angles varying between 84.07(8)° and 98.66(8)°.The metallic atom is coordinated to two thiazoline nitrogens [av. Co-N =2.067 Å], two imino nitrogens [av. Co-N =2.122 Å], one oxygen atom of the nitrate group monodentate [Co-O(1)= 2.249(2) Å] and the oxygen atom of the water molecule [Co-O(IW)= 2.105(2) Å]. Electronic UV-Vis-NIR spectral data and the calculated magnetic moment are indicative of octahedral Co(ll) complexes. In the same way as other PyTT complexes, the organic moiety preserves the imino-thiazolidine form detected in the structure of PyTT

Ovine mesenchymal stromal cells for osteochondral tissue engineering

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Generation of a human control iPS cell line (ESi080‐A) from a donor with no rheumatic diseases

[Abstract] Here, we report the establishment of the human iPS cell line N1-FiPS4F#7 generated from skin cells of a patient with no rheumatic diseases, thus obtaining an appropriate control iPS cell line for researchers working in the field of rheumatic diseases. The reprogramming factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc were introduced using a non-integrating reprogramming strategy involving Sendai Virus.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI17/0219

Human cartilage engineering in an in vitro repair model using collagen scaffolds and mesenchymal stromal cells

[Abstract] The purpose of this study was to investigate cartilage repair of in vitro lesion models using human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) with different collagen (Col) scaffolds. Lesions were made in human cartilage biopsies. Injured samples were pre-treated with interleukin 1β (IL1β) for 24 h; also, samples were not pre-treated. hBMSCs were seeded on different types of collagen scaffolds. The resulting constructs were placed into the lesions, and the biopsies were cultured for 2 months in chondrogenic medium. Using the modified ICRSII scale, neotissues from the different scaffolds showed ICRS II overall assessment scores ranging from 50% (fibrocartilage) to 100% (hyaline cartilage), except for the Col I +Col II +HS constructs (fibrocartilage/hyaline cartilage, 73%). Data showed that hBMSCs cultured only on Col I +Col II +HS scaffolds displayed a chondrocyte-like morphology and cartilage-like matrix close to native cartilage. Furthermore, IL1β pre-treated biopsies decreased capacity for repair by hBMSCs and decreased levels of chondrogenic phenotype of human cartilage lesions.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CB06/01/0040Xunta de Galicia ; R2016/036Xunta de Galicia; R2014/050Xunta de Galicia; GPC2014/048Ministerio de Esconomía, Industria y Competitividad; RTC-2016-5386-1Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma); S2009/MAT-147

Establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-lines (IPSC) for in vitro modelling hand ostheoarthritis.

ResumenInstituto de Salud Carlos III; PI17/0219

Versatility of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) for Improving the Knowledge on Musculoskeletal Diseases

[Abstract] Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an unlimited source of pluripotent cells capable of di erentiating into any cell type of the body. Several studies have demonstrated the valuable use of iPSCs as a tool for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying disorders a ecting bone, cartilage and muscle, as well as their potential for tissue repair. Musculoskeletal diseases are one of the major causes of disability worldwide and impose an important socio-economic burden. To date there is neither cure nor proven approach for e ectively treating most of these conditions and therefore new strategies involving the use of cells have been increasingly investigated in the recent years. Nevertheless, some limitations related to the safety and di erentiation protocols among others remain, which humpers the translational application of these strategies. Nonetheless, the potential is indisputable and iPSCs are likely to be a source of di erent types of cells useful in the musculoskeletal field, for either disease modeling or regenerative medicine. In this review, we aim to illustrate the great potential of iPSCs by summarizing and discussing the in vitro tissue regeneration preclinical studies that have been carried out in the musculoskeletal field by using iPSCs.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI17/02197Xunta de Galicia; R2016/036Xunta de Galicia; R2014/050Xunta de Galicia; CN2012/142Xunta de Galicia; GPC2014/04

Usefulness of mesenchymal cell lines for bone and cartilage regeneration research

[Abstract] The unavailability of sufficient numbers of human primary cells is a major roadblock for in vitro repair of bone and/or cartilage, and for performing disease modelling experiments. Immortalized mesenchymal stromal cells (iMSCs) may be employed as a research tool for avoiding these problems. The purpose of this review was to revise the available literature on the characteristics of the iMSC lines, paying special attention to the maintenance of the phenotype of the primary cells from which they were derived, and whether they are effectively useful for in vitro disease modeling and cell therapy purposes. This review was performed by searching on Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases from 1 January 2015 to 30 September 2019. The keywords used were ALL = (mesenchymal AND (“cell line” OR immortal*) AND (cartilage OR chondrogenesis OR bone OR osteogenesis) AND human). Only original research studies in which a human iMSC line was employed for osteogenesis or chondrogenesis experiments were included. After describing the success of the immortalization protocol, we focused on the iMSCs maintenance of the parental phenotype and multipotency. According to the literature revised, it seems that the maintenance of these characteristics is not guaranteed by immortalization, and that careful selection and validation of clones with particular characteristics is necessary for taking advantage of the full potential of iMSC to be employed in bone and cartilage-related research.Xunta de Galicia; R2016/036Deputación da Coruña; BINV-CS/2016Xunta de Galicia; R2014/050Xunta de Galicia; CN2012/142Xunta de Galicia; GPC2014/04

Scaling laws in bacterial genomes: A side-effect of selection of mutational robustness?

In the past few years, numerous research projects have focused on identifying and understanding scaling properties in the gene content of prokaryote genomes and the intricacy of their regulation networks. Yet, and despite the increasing amount of data available, the origins of these scalings remain an open question. The RAevol model, a digital genetics model, provides us with an insight into the mechanisms involved in an evolutionary process. The results we present here show that (i) our model reproduces qualitatively these scaling laws and that (ii) these laws are not due to differences in lifestyles but to differences in the spontaneous rates of mutations and rearrangements. We argue that this is due to an indirect selective pressure for robustness that constrains the genome size

Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Cartilage Repair

The integrity of the articular cartilage is necessary for the proper functioning of the diarthrodial joint. The self-repair capacity of this tissue is very limited and, currently, there is no effective treatment capable of restoring it. The degradation of the articular cartilage leads to osteoarthritis (OA), a leading cause of pain and disability mainly among older people

Analysis of Mycobacterium africanum in the last 17 years in Aragon identifies a specific location of IS6110 in Lineage 6

The purpose of this study was to increase our knowledge about Mycobacterium africanum and report the incidence and characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) due to their lineages in Aragon, Spain, over the period 2003–2019. The study includes all the cases in our region, where all the M. tuberculosis complex isolates are systematically characterised. We detected 31 cases of M. africanum among 2598 cases of TB in the period studied. TB caused by M. africanum is rare (1.19%) in our population, and it affects mainly men of economically productive age coming from West African countries. Among the isolates, Lineage (L) 6 was more frequent than L5. The genotyping of these strains identified five clusters and 13 strains with a unique pattern. The isolates’ characterisation identified a copy of IS6110 within the moaX gene, which turned out to be specific for L6. It will allow the differentiation of this lineage from the rest of MTBC with a simple PCR reaction. It remains to be established whether this polymorphism may limit M. africanum transmission. Furthermore, a mutation in the mutT2 promoter was found as specific for L6 strains, which could be related to the high variability found for L6 compared to L5. © 2021, The Author(s)