Mejora del proceso de gestión de información de colaboradores para optimizar el nivel de cumplimiento de legajos personales en una entidad pública, año 2018

RESUMEN El presente trabajo de tesis elabora una propuesta para la mejora del proceso de gestión de información de colaboradores en una entidad pública para, a partir de ello, optimizar el nivel de cumplimiento de legajos personales. La mejora se hace a través del análisis de los tipos de documento que son necesarios para la apertura de un legajo personal y se centra en la cantidad de colaboradores ingresantes o incorporados. La metodología empleada para la elaboración de la propuesta consiste en tres (03) fases que buscan cumplir a su vez tres (03) objetivos. En la primera fase, se elaboró un diagnóstico de la situación actual del proceso de gestión de incorporación y administración de colaboradores mapeándolo adecuadamente, esto implicó identificar roles y recursos del proceso y diagramar el flujo de los sub procesos de selección y gestión de información de colaboradores, en notación BPMN; el énfasis del mapeo se hizo en las fases de selección, registro de información de colaboradores y verificación del cumplimiento de información para el legajo personal . Seguidamente se determinó la realidad problemática del proceso aplicando las herramientas de calidad Lluvia de Ideas (para tener una conjunto de causas potenciales), diagrama de Causa – Efecto (para clasificar las causas potenciales) y diagrama de Pareto (para priorizar las causas potenciales, es decir, para obtener las causas raíz del problema). Se definió como problema central el incumplimiento de legajos personales y sus cuatro (04) causas raíz encontradas fueron la sobreproducción por solicitud de documentos autenticados, la solicitud de documentos originales, la solicitud innecesaria de documentos y sistemas de información con funcionalidad limitada. Luego se hizo un cálculo del indicador principal del proceso: el nivel de cumplimiento de legajos personales (NC), por los dos (02) medios de verificación disponibles: la verificación por muestreo (NC = 75% lo que es lo mismo que un incumplimiento del 25%) y la verificación por consulta a la Base de Datos de documentos (NC = 85% con una tendencia a la baja), lo cual refuerza la teoría que el nivel de cumplimiento debe ser optimizado. En la segunda fase del estudio se diseñó la propuesta de mejora del proceso, determinando para ello primero la metodología AVA – ESIA como la indicada para tal fin, pues es usada para mejora o rediseño de procesos y emplea un método (algoritmo) apropiado para la evaluación. Se sometió a la matriz de evaluación ESIA a los doce (12) tipos de documentos actuales, obteniendo como resultado: eliminar un (01) el tipo de documento T02 Acta de Nacimiento del colaborador; simplificar once (11) tipos de documento (nueve de ellos automatizados); integrar dos (02) tipos de documento T03 Acta de Matrimonio, Reconocimiento de Unión de Hecho o Convivencia, T04 Acta de Nacimiento de Hijos y; automatizar los nueve (09) tipos de documento restantes (T01 Currículo Vitae, T05 Certificado Médico expedido por el Área de Salud o Médico Particular (para ingreso a la institución), T06 Certificado de Antecedentes Judiciales y/o Penales (Consejo Supremo de Justicia Militar), T07 Certificado Judicial de Antecedentes Penales (Poder Judicial), T08 Certificado de Antecedentes Policiales (PNP), T09 Certificado(s) de Trabajo(s) de Anterior(es) Empleador(es), T10 Constancia, Grado o Título Profesional Universitario o Técnico, T11 Estudios de Especialización, Diplomados, T12 Cursos de Capacitación, Conferencias, Seminarios). Con ese resultado se hizo el Análisis de Valor Agregado (AVA), obteniendo para el proceso de selección tres (03) actividades que agregan valor y para el proceso de gestión de información de colaboradores (materia de estudio) dos (02) actividades que agregan valor y siete (07) actividades que no agregan valor, pasando éstas a ser eliminadas y con ellas toda la fase de verificación del cumplimiento de información para el legajo personal. La tercera y última fase del estudio ensaya una proyección de la propuesta. El cambio propuesto arroja como resultado un proceso de gestión de información de colaboradores mejorado administrativamente y automatizado desde el punto de vista técnico. Así pues, se pasa de doce (12) a once (11) tipos de documento, los cuales serán solicitados en su totalidad desde el proceso de selección vía la carga en archivo electrónico del T01 Currículo Vitae, T09 Certificado(s) de Trabajo(s) de Anterior(es) Empleador(es), T10 Constancia, Grado o Título Profesional Universitario o Técnico, T11 Estudios de Especialización, Diplomados y T12 Cursos de Capacitación, Conferencias, Seminarios; llenado de una declaración jurada virtual del T05 Certificado Médico expedido por el Área de Salud o Médico Particular (para ingreso a la institución), T06 Certificado de Antecedentes Judiciales y/o Penales (Consejo Supremo de Justicia Militar), T07 Certificado Judicial de Antecedentes Penales (Poder Judicial), T08 Certificado de Antecedentes Policiales (PNP) para postulantes. Los tipos de documento T03 Acta de Matrimonio, Reconocimiento de Unión de Hecho (Convivencia), T04 Acta de Nacimiento de Hijos serán adjuntados en archivo electrónico sólo para los postulantes declarados ganadores. Se proyecta que, debido al fuerte componente de automatización de la propuesta, el nivel de cumplimiento se optimiza a un valor futuro muy próximo al cien por ciento (NC ≈ 100%) lo cual será verificado por un reporte automatizado. La entidad en estudio pasaría de un legajo personal físico a un primer nivel de legajo digital. Es recomendable la implementación de la propuesta analizada, diseñada y proyectada debido a los múltiples beneficios que le otorgaría a la organización en materia metodológica y uso de recursos disponibles del proceso de selección y gestión de información de colaboradores, entre los más importantes se encuentra la actualización del procedimiento de gestión de incorporación y administración de colaboradores.ABSTRACT The present thesis work prepared a proposal for the improvement of the process of management of information of collaborators in a public entity to, from it, optimizing the level of compliance of personal files. The improvement is done through the analysis of the document types that are required for the opening of a personal file and focuses on the amount of employees admitted or incorporated. The methodology used in the preparation of the proposal consists of three phases (03) looking for goals in turn three (03). A diagnosis of the current situation of the management of incorporation process was developed in the first phase, and partners mapeandolo management properly, this involved identifying roles and resources of the process and outline the flow of the sub processes of selection and management of information of collaborators, in BPMN notation; the emphasis of the mapping was done in phases of selection, collaborators information and verification of compliance with the personal file information. Then the problematic reality of the process was determined applying the tools of quality Ideas rain (to have a set of potential causes), diagram of cause - effect (to classify potential causes) and diagram of Pareto (for prioritize potential causes, to get the root of the problem causes). Was defined as a central problem the breach of personal files and its four (04) root causes found were overproduction at the request of authenticated documents, the original documents application, the unnecessary application of documents and information systems with limited functionality. Then a calculation of the main indicator of the process was made: the level of compliance of personal files (NC), by the two (02) means of verification available: verification by sampling (NC = 75% which is the same as a 25% default) and verification by consulting the database of documents (NC = 85% with a downward trend), which reinforces the theory that the level of compliance must be optimized. In the second phase of the study was designed the proposal for improving the process, determining this first methodology AVA - ESIA as that indicated for this purpose, because it is used to improve or redesign of processes and employs a method (algorithm) appropriate for the evaluation. Was subjected to the matrix of evaluation ESIA (12) twelve types of current documents, obtaining as a result: delete a (01) type document T02 Act of birth of the employee; simplify eleven (11) document types (nine of them automated); integrating two (02) document types T03 Act of marriage, recognition of Union of fact or coexistence, T04, birth certificate of children and; simplify and automate the nine (09) other document types (T01 Curriculum Vitae, T05 health certificate issued by the health Area or Particular medical (for entry to the institution), T06 judicial record certificate and/or) Criminal (Supreme Council of military justice), T07 Judicial certificate of criminal history (Judicial Branch), T08 certificate of record police (PNP), T09 certificate (s) work (s) (s) previous employer (s), T10 constancy, degree or title University or professional technical, T11 studies specialisation, graduates, T12 courses of training, conferences and seminars). With this result became value added (AVA), obtaining three (03) activities that add value to the process of selection and analysis for the collaborators (field of study) information management process two (02) activities that add value and seven) (07) activities that do not add value, are going to be eliminated and with them the entire phase of verification of the fulfilment of personal file information. The third and final phase of the study tested a projection of the proposal. The proposed change casts as a result a process of staff information management improved administratively and automated from the technical point of view. Thus, moves from twelve (12) to eleven (11) document types, which will be requested in its entirety from the selection process via the load in electronic file of the T01 Curriculum Vitae, T09 certificate (s) work (s) (s) previous employer (s), T10 Perseverance, degree or professional college or technical degree, T11 specialization studies, graduates and T12 courses of training, conferences, seminars; filling of a virtual affidavit of the T05 health certificate issued by the health Area or a Particular doctor (for entry to the institution), Court and/or criminal record (Supreme Council of military justice), certificate T07 T06 certificate Court of criminal history (Judicial Branch), T08 certificate background police (PNP) for applicants. Document types T03 Act of marriage, recognition of Union of fact (coexistence), T04, birth certificate, children will be attached in electronic file only for candidates declared winners. Projected that, owing to the strong element of automation of the proposal, the level of compliance is optimized to a future value of close to one hundred percent (≈ 100% NC) which will be verified by an automated report. The Studio entity would happen in a physical personal file to a first level of digital file. It is recommended the implementation of the proposal analyzed, designed and projected because of the multiple benefits that would give him the Organization in the methodological field and efficient use of resources in the process of selection and management of information of collaborators, among the most important is the updating of the procedure of incorporation management and staff management

Decitabine-induced DNA methylation-mediated transcriptomic reprogramming in human breast cancer cell lines; the impact of DCK overexpression

Decitabine (DAC), a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, is tested in combination with conventional anticancer drugs as a treatment option for various solid tumors. Although epigenome modulation provides a promising avenue in treating resistant cancer types, more studies are required to evaluate its safety and ability to normalize the aberrant transcriptional profiles. As deoxycytidine kinase (DCK)-mediated phosphorylation is a rate-limiting step in DAC metabolic activation, we hypothesized that its intracellular overexpression could potentiate DAC’s effect on cell methylome and thus increase its therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, two breast cancer cell lines, JIMT-1 and T-47D, differing in their molecular characteristics, were transfected with a DCK expression vector and exposed to low-dose DAC (approximately IC20). Although transfection resulted in a significant DCK expression increase, further enhanced by DAC exposure, no transfection-induced changes were found at the global DNA methylation level or in cell viability. In parallel, an integrative approach was applied to decipher DAC-induced, methylation-mediated, transcriptomic reprogramming. Besides large-scale hypomethylation, accompanied by up-regulation of gene expression across the entire genome, DAC also induced hypermethylation and down-regulation of numerous genes in both cell lines. Interestingly, TET1 and TET2 expression halved in JIMT-1 cells after DAC exposure, while DNMTs’ changes were not significant. The protein digestion and absorption pathway, containing numerous collagen and solute carrier genes, ranking second among membrane transport proteins, was the top enriched pathway in both cell lines when hypomethylated and up-regulated genes were considered. Moreover, the calcium signaling pathway, playing a significant role in drug resistance, was among the top enriched in JIMT-1 cells. Although low-dose DAC demonstrated its ability to normalize the expression of tumor suppressors, several oncogenes were also up-regulated, a finding, that supports previously raised concerns regarding its broad reprogramming potential. Importantly, our research provides evidence about the involvement of active demethylation in DAC-mediated transcriptional reprogramming.publishedVersio

Decitabine potentiates efficacy of doxorubicin in a preclinical trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer models

Acquired drug resistance and metastasis in breast cancer (BC) are coupled with epigenetic deregulation of gene expression. Epigenetic drugs, aiming to reverse these aberrant transcriptional patterns and sensitize cancer cells to other therapies, provide a new treatment strategy for drug-resistant tumors. Here we investigated the ability of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor decitabine (DAC) to increase the sensitivity of BC cells to anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX). Three cell lines representing different molecular BC subtypes, JIMT-1, MDA-MB-231 and T-47D, were used to evaluate the synergy of sequential DAC + DOX treatment in vitro. The cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, apoptosis, and migration capacity were tested in 2D and 3D cultures. Moreover, genome-wide DNA methylation and transcriptomic analyses were employed to understand the differences underlying DAC responsiveness. The ability of DAC to sensitize trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive JIMT-1 cells to DOX was examined in vivo in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. DAC and DOX synergistic effect was identified in all tested cell lines, with JIMT-1 cells being most sensitive to DAC. Based on the whole-genome data, we assume that the aggressive behavior of JIMT-1 cells can be related to the enrichment of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness-associated pathways in this cell line. The four-week DAC + DOX sequential administration significantly reduced the tumor growth, DNMT1 expression, and global DNA methylation in xenograft tissues. The efficacy of combination therapy was comparable to effect of pegylated liposomal DOX, used exclusively for the treatment of metastatic BC. This work demonstrates the potential of epigenetic drugs to modulate cancer cells' sensitivity to other forms of anticancer therapy.publishedVersio

Anna de Noailles et Marcel Proust, une amitié par lettres

Proust, grand lecteur de l’œuvre d’Anna de Noailles, se trouve, par les voies de l’amitié et de la mondanité, au cœur même du monde oriental-occidental parisien auquel appartient la femme-poète. Il y avait en effet au tournant du XXe siècle un nombre considérable de Roumains à Paris, certains établis définitivement, d’autres faisant la navette entre Paris et Bucarest. Francophones et souvent diplômés des meilleures écoles françaises, ils étaient des connaisseurs sensibles de la culture frança..

« Madame Récamier » : entre portrait et causerie

Juliette Récamier was one of the «fays » of the literary salons whom Sainte-Beuve always adulated as much for their irradiant charm as for their genius in the social art of conversation, an art that he mode efforts to practice himself, albeit in writing, in his Causeries. In those that he dedicated to her in 1849, just after her death, then in 1859 (at the time of the publication of the work by her niece, Mme Lenormant), Sainte-Beuve remained under her charm. However, he then began to shake off the «friendly influence » of his paragon that, he admitted, had for a long time paralysed him. Was this Eurydice not also a great lady of ordered life, who had a taste only for delicacy ? While not forgetting the crucial question asked by all women, «Did she fall in love ? », but leaving the biographical details in the shadows, Sainte-Beuve also raises the question of her deficient relationship with writing. She was full of charm and supremely feminine. And what more happy error than that the success of the causeur des Lundis depended on this obliteration of the muse. It was then for Sainte-Beuve to speak in her place and for her to be this still, silent body incorporated into the very corpus of the critical work.Juliette Récamier fut une de ces «fées de salon» que Sainte-Beuve a toujours adulées tant en raison de leur charme irradiant que de leur génie dans l'art social de la conversation - art qu'il prétend pratiquer lui-même, mais par écrit, dans ses Causeries. Dans celles qu'il lui consacre en 1849, au lendemain de sa mort, puis en 1859 (lors de la parution de l'ouvrage de sa nièce, Mme Lenormant), Sainte-Beuve reste sous le charme; mais il commence à secouer «l'influence aimable» qui, émanant de son modèle, l'a longtemps paralysé, il l'avoue. Cette Eurydice n'a-t-elle pas été aussi une grande dame à la vie arrangée et qui, en fait de goût, n'aimait que la délicatesse? Ne manquant pas d'évoquer la question cruciale pour toute femme : «a-t-elle aimé?», mais laissant dans l'ombre les détails de biographie, Sainte-Beuve rencontre aussi la question de son rapport déficient à l'écriture : charme de plus et qualité féminine entre toutes. Et faute d'autant plus heureuse que la réussite du causeur des Lundis dépend de cet effacement de la muse. À Sainte-Beuve de parler à sa place; à elle d'être ce corps silencieux incorporé dans le corpus de l'œuvre critique.Verona Roxana M. « Madame Récamier » : entre portrait et causerie. In: Romantisme, 2000, n°109. Sainte-Beuve ou l'invention de la critique. pp. 99-106

Epigenetics in Breast Cancer Therapy-New Strategies and Future Nanomedicine Perspectives

Despite advances in cancer treatment, difficult-to-treat tumor subtypes remain a challenge. New multidisciplinary approaches can help overcome current obstacles posed by tumor heterogeneity, activation and enrichment of cancer stem cells, and acquired drug resistance development. Epigenome modulation, currently unsuccessful in solid tumors due to epigenetic drug instability, toxicity, and off-target effects, might be enabled by implementing nano-based delivery strategies aiming to improve breast cancer patient outcomes. Epigenetic dysregulation has been recognized as a critical factor contributing to the development of resistance against standard chemotherapy and to breast cancer progression via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Although the efficacy of the first-generation epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs) in solid tumor management has been disappointing, there is an increasing body of evidence showing that epigenome modulation, in synergy with other therapeutic approaches, could play an important role in cancer treatment, reversing acquired therapy resistance. However, the epigenetic therapy of solid malignancies is not straightforward. The emergence of nanotechnologies applied to medicine has brought new opportunities to advance the targeted delivery of epi-drugs while improving their stability and solubility, and minimizing off-target effects. Furthermore, the omics technologies, as powerful molecular epidemiology screening tools, enable new diagnostic and prognostic epigenetic biomarker identification, allowing for patient stratification and tailored management. In combination with new-generation epi-drugs, nanomedicine can help to overcome low therapeutic efficacy in treatment-resistant tumors. This review provides an overview of ongoing clinical trials focusing on combination therapies employing epi-drugs for breast cancer treatment and summarizes the latest nano-based targeted delivery approaches for epi-drugs. Moreover, it highlights the current limitations and obstacles associated with applying these experimental strategies in the clinic

Decitabine-induced DNA methylation-mediated transcriptomic reprogramming in human breast cancer cell lines; the impact of DCK overexpression

Decitabine (DAC), a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor, is tested in combination with conventional anticancer drugs as a treatment option for various solid tumors. Although epigenome modulation provides a promising avenue in treating resistant cancer types, more studies are required to evaluate its safety and ability to normalize the aberrant transcriptional profiles. As deoxycytidine kinase (DCK)-mediated phosphorylation is a rate-limiting step in DAC metabolic activation, we hypothesized that its intracellular overexpression could potentiate DAC’s effect on cell methylome and thus increase its therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, two breast cancer cell lines, JIMT-1 and T-47D, differing in their molecular characteristics, were transfected with a DCK expression vector and exposed to low-dose DAC (approximately IC20). Although transfection resulted in a significant DCK expression increase, further enhanced by DAC exposure, no transfection-induced changes were found at the global DNA methylation level or in cell viability. In parallel, an integrative approach was applied to decipher DAC-induced, methylation-mediated, transcriptomic reprogramming. Besides large-scale hypomethylation, accompanied by up-regulation of gene expression across the entire genome, DAC also induced hypermethylation and down-regulation of numerous genes in both cell lines. Interestingly, TET1 and TET2 expression halved in JIMT-1 cells after DAC exposure, while DNMTs’ changes were not significant. The protein digestion and absorption pathway, containing numerous collagen and solute carrier genes, ranking second among membrane transport proteins, was the top enriched pathway in both cell lines when hypomethylated and up-regulated genes were considered. Moreover, the calcium signaling pathway, playing a significant role in drug resistance, was among the top enriched in JIMT-1 cells. Although low-dose DAC demonstrated its ability to normalize the expression of tumor suppressors, several oncogenes were also up-regulated, a finding, that supports previously raised concerns regarding its broad reprogramming potential. Importantly, our research provides evidence about the involvement of active demethylation in DAC-mediated transcriptional reprogramming