Hospital-Sanatori de l'Esperit Sant

La fundació de l'Hospital-Sanatori de l'Esperit Sant data de I'any 1917. Inicialment fou un sanatori antituberculós i d'aquesta especialitat és la institució més antiga de Catalunya

Revisiting the implications of Liouville's theorem to the anisotropy of cosmic rays

We present a solution to Liouville's equation for an ensemble of charged particles propagating in magnetic fields. The solution is presented using an expansion in spherical harmonics of the phase space density, allowing a direct interpretation of the distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays. The results are found for chosen conditions of variability and source distributions. We show there are two conditions for an initially isotropic flux of particles to remain isotropic while traveling through a magnetic field: isotropy and homogeneity of the sources. The formalism is used to analyze the data measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory, contributing to the understanding of the dependence of the dipole amplitude with energy and predicting the energy in which the quadrupole signal should be measured

Observation of a large-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above 8 × 10 18 eV

Cosmic rays are atomic nuclei arriving from outer space that reach the highest energies observed in nature. Clues to their origin come from studying the distribution of their arrival directions. Using 3 × 10 4 cosmic rays with energies above 8 × 10 18 electron volts, recorded with the Pierre Auger Observatory from a total exposure of 76,800 km2 sr year, we determined the existence of anisotropy in arrival directions. The anisotropy, detected at more than a 5.2σ level of significance, can be described by a dipole with an amplitude of 6.5 +1.3 -0.9 percent toward right ascension αd = 100 ± 10 degrees and declination δd = -24 +12 -13 degrees. That direction indicates an extragalactic origin for these ultrahighenergy particles.La nómina completa de autores puede verse en el archivo asociado a este ítem.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Observation of a large-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above 8 × 10 18 eV

Cosmic rays are atomic nuclei arriving from outer space that reach the highest energies observed in nature. Clues to their origin come from studying the distribution of their arrival directions. Using 3 × 10 4 cosmic rays with energies above 8 × 10 18 electron volts, recorded with the Pierre Auger Observatory from a total exposure of 76,800 km2 sr year, we determined the existence of anisotropy in arrival directions. The anisotropy, detected at more than a 5.2σ level of significance, can be described by a dipole with an amplitude of 6.5 +1.3 -0.9 percent toward right ascension αd = 100 ± 10 degrees and declination δd = -24 +12 -13 degrees. That direction indicates an extragalactic origin for these ultrahighenergy particles.La nómina completa de autores puede verse en el archivo asociado a este ítem.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

EXTRACCIÓN DE ANTOCIANINAS PROCEDENTES DEL REPOLLO MORADO (BRASSICA OLERACEA) COMO INDICADOR NATURAL DE PH

Resumen El propósito de este trabajo fue extraer las antocianinas del repollo morado y utilizarla como indicador natural para identificar el pH de manera cualitativa en diferentes sustancias de uso cotidiano, esto con el fin de utilizar los principios de la química verde para obtener un indicador de pH de forma natural y reemplazar a los indicadores sintéticos que son costosos, de difícil acceso y contaminan el medio ambiente. La metodología utilizada para extraer las antocianinas fue una extracción acuosa, utilizando agua como solvente y calentando por aproximadamente 10 minutos, posteriormente se almacenó el indicador en un frasco ámbar para evitar la degradación de las antocianinas y seguido de esto se determinó el pH de sustancias como: bicarbonato, zumo de limón, leche, cloro, clara de huevo y agua.  Los resultados de pH de estas sustancias se compararon con el que se reporta en la bibliografía, en el caso del bicarbonato se presentó una desviación del 20%, mientras que en las demás sustancias fue menor al 14%. En conclusión, las antocianinas procedentes del repollo morado funcionan como indicador natural de pH, estudios en métodos de conservación es un sistema prometedor para utilizarse en aplicaciones pedagógicas y sectores industriales como el de alimentos. Palabras Claves:  antocianinas, indicadores naturales de pH, brassica oleracea, col lombarda Abstract The purpose of this work was to extract anthocynins from lombard cabbage and use it as a natural indicator to identify pH qualitatively in different substances of everyday use, to use green chemistry initiatives to obtain a pH indicator naturally and replace synthetic indicators that are expensive, difficult to access and pollute the environment. The methodology used to extract the anthocyanins was an aqueous extraction, using water as a solvent and heating for about 10 minutes, subsequently the indicator was stored in an amber bottle to prevent the degradation of anthocynins and followed by this the pH of substances such as: bicarbonate, lemon juice, milk, chlorine, egg white and water was determined. The pH results of these substances were compared with that reported in the literature, in the case of bicarbonate there was a deviation of 20%, while in the other substances it was less than 14%. In conclusion, anthocynins from purple cabbage work perfectly as a natural indicator of pH. The study of methods for their conservation is a promising system to be used in pedagogical and industrial applications such as in the food sector. Keywords:  anthocyanins, natural pH indicators, brassica oleracea, lombard cabbag

EXTRACCIÓN DE ANTOCIANINAS PROCEDENTES DEL REPOLLO MORADO (BRASSICA OLERACEA) COMO INDICADOR NATURAL DE PH

Resumen El propósito de este trabajo fue extraer las antocianinas del repollo morado y utilizarla como indicador natural para identificar el pH de manera cualitativa en diferentes sustancias de uso cotidiano, esto con el fin de utilizar los principios de la química verde para obtener un indicador de pH de forma natural y reemplazar a los indicadores sintéticos que son costosos, de difícil acceso y contaminan el medio ambiente. La metodología utilizada para extraer las antocianinas fue una extracción acuosa, utilizando agua como solvente y calentando por aproximadamente 10 minutos, posteriormente se almacenó el indicador en un frasco ámbar para evitar la degradación de las antocianinas y seguido de esto se determinó el pH de sustancias como: bicarbonato, zumo de limón, leche, cloro, clara de huevo y agua.  Los resultados de pH de estas sustancias se compararon con el que se reporta en la bibliografía, en el caso del bicarbonato se presentó una desviación del 20%, mientras que en las demás sustancias fue menor al 14%. En conclusión, las antocianinas procedentes del repollo morado funcionan como indicador natural de pH, estudios en métodos de conservación es un sistema prometedor para utilizarse en aplicaciones pedagógicas y sectores industriales como el de alimentos. Palabras Claves:  antocianinas, indicadores naturales de pH, brassica oleracea, col lombarda Abstract The purpose of this work was to extract anthocynins from lombard cabbage and use it as a natural indicator to identify pH qualitatively in different substances of everyday use, to use green chemistry initiatives to obtain a pH indicator naturally and replace synthetic indicators that are expensive, difficult to access and pollute the environment. The methodology used to extract the anthocyanins was an aqueous extraction, using water as a solvent and heating for about 10 minutes, subsequently the indicator was stored in an amber bottle to prevent the degradation of anthocynins and followed by this the pH of substances such as: bicarbonate, lemon juice, milk, chlorine, egg white and water was determined. The pH results of these substances were compared with that reported in the literature, in the case of bicarbonate there was a deviation of 20%, while in the other substances it was less than 14%. In conclusion, anthocynins from purple cabbage work perfectly as a natural indicator of pH. The study of methods for their conservation is a promising system to be used in pedagogical and industrial applications such as in the food sector. Keywords:  anthocyanins, natural pH indicators, brassica oleracea, lombard cabbag

Observation of a large-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays above 8 × 10 18 eV

Cosmic rays are atomic nuclei arriving from outer space that reach the highest energies observed in nature. Clues to their origin come from studying the distribution of their arrival directions. Using 3 × 10 4 cosmic rays with energies above 8 × 10 18 electron volts, recorded with the Pierre Auger Observatory from a total exposure of 76,800 km2 sr year, we determined the existence of anisotropy in arrival directions. The anisotropy, detected at more than a 5.2σ level of significance, can be described by a dipole with an amplitude of 6.5 +1.3 -0.9 percent toward right ascension αd = 100 ± 10 degrees and declination δd = -24 +12 -13 degrees. That direction indicates an extragalactic origin for these ultrahighenergy particles.La nómina completa de autores puede verse en el archivo asociado a este ítem.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

EuCAPT White Paper: Opportunities and Challenges for Theoretical Astroparticle Physics in the Next Decade

Astroparticle physics is undergoing a profound transformation, due to a series of extraordinary new results, such as the discovery of high-energy cosmic neutrinos with IceCube, the direct detection of gravitational waves with LIGO and Virgo, and many others. This white paper is the result of a collaborative effort that involved hundreds of theoretical astroparticle physicists and cosmologists, under the coordination of the European Consortium for Astroparticle Theory (EuCAPT). Addressed to the whole astroparticle physics community, it explores upcoming theoretical opportunities and challenges for our field of research, with particular emphasis on the possible synergies among different subfields, and the prospects for solving the most fundamental open questions with multi-messenger observations.Comment: White paper of the European Consortium for Astroparticle Theory (EuCAPT). 135 authors, 400 endorsers, 133 pages, 1382 reference

Projeto de Reabilitação para a Valorização do Castelo de Ourém

A recuperação e valorização do Património, mas sobretudo a possibilidade por parte dos cidadãos de poderem desfrutar de um bem que lhes pertence, é cada vez mais uma preocupação comum. Procura-se então a necessidade de valorizar e desenvolver a pragmática do Património que, evidentemente, é a representação da evolução da sociedade. Em muitos casos este permanece esquecido e até desaparecido, caindo em desuso por não se haver apreciado, no momento certo, a sua valorização. Neste sentido, na presente dissertação será abordada a valorização de um Monumento Nacional através da criação de um espaço que promova a dinamização cultural e turística no seu interior e envolvente. Um dos principais objetivos que será trazido a vogue é a sua devolução em pleno à população em geral e de como esta o pode valorizar através da sua identidade. Situado no concelho de Ourém, na Freguesia de Nossa Senhora das Misericórdias, o Castelo que partilha do mesmo nome da cidade é também conhecido como Paço dos Condes. Localiza-se no ponto mais alto da cidade e está estrategicamente situado no centro da cidade e do país. Através de junção de antigas vias, numa zona dotada de assinalável diversidade de recursos naturais essenciais à sobrevivência e fixação de comunidades humanas, a exemplo dos inúmeros testemunhos arqueológicos identificados até ao momento, o Castelo oferece uma vasta gama turística e cultural. Propõe-se devolver vitalidade, turismo e preservação do património arquitetónico à área de intervenção. Pretende-se ainda dar-lhe o devido reconhecimento que caiu em desuso e ainda assim ser um contributo para recuperação da malha urbana onde está inserido.The recovery and valorisation of the Patrimony, but above all the possibility for the citizens to be able to enjoy a property that belongs to them, is increasingly a common concern. The need to value and, above all, to develop the pragmatics of Heritage is evidently a representation of the evolution of society, and where in many cases it remains forgotten and even disappears, falling into disuse because it was not appreciated at the right moment , its appreciation. In this sense, in this dissertation will be approached the valorization of a National Monument, through the creation of a space that promotes the cultural and tourist dynamism inside and surrounding, where it will be vogue to return it in full to the population in general and where this will be one of the main objectives, in order to value it through its identity. Located in the municipality of Ourém, in the parish of Nossa Senhora das Misericórdias, the Castle that shares the same name of the city is also known as Paço dos Condes. It is located at the highest point of the city and is strategically located in the center of the city and the country. Through the junction of ancient roads, in an area endowed with remarkable diversity of natural resources essential to the survival and establishment of human communities, like the numerous archaeological evidence identified so far, the Castle offers a wide range of tourism and culture. It is proposed to restore vitality, tourism and preservation of the architectural heritage to the area of intervention. It is also intended to give it due recognition that it has fallen into disuse and still be a contribution to the recovery of the urban network where it is inserted