Expérimentation de la photogrammétrie en cadre préventif : relevés de vestiges de l’agglomération antique d’Intaranum/ Entrains-sur-Nohain (58)

Intaranum était une agglomération gallo-romaine située en territoire éduen, au carrefour de plusieurs voies, permettant de contourner le massif du Morvan par le nord. Couvrant à son apogée une surface de 70 ha, elle fut occupée du ier au ive siècle de notre ère. Un projet de construction de maison individuelle, localisé dans la frange de l’habitat antique, a donné l’occasion d’ouvrir une surface de 1 000 m², fouillée de juillet à septembre 2013. Les investigations conduites par l’Inrap ont mi..

Fabricating hemocompatible bi-continuous PEGylated PVDF membranes via vapor-induced phase inversion

Lack of knowledge on their hemocompatibility limit the use of PVDF membranes in biomedical applications. Herein, we investigated the in situ modification of PVDF membranes by a PEGylated copolymer (PS60-b-PEGMA108) using vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) process. Efforts were first oriented toward the characterization of the effect of copolymer on membrane formation, membranes physical properties and membranes surface chemistry. Then, biofouling was investigated before moving onto the hemocompatibility of membranes. Membranes structure tended to evolve from nodular to bi-continuous with PS60-b-PEGMA108 content, evidencing a change of dominating phenomena during phase inversion (crystallization-gelling vs. non-crystallization gelling), associated to a change of prevailing crystalline polymorph (β-polymorph vs. α-polymorph). Furthermore, the hydration of membranes was importantly enhanced, affecting nano-biofouling: bovine serum albumin, lysozyme and fibrinogen adsorption were drastically reduced, despite rough surfaces, highlighting the efficiency of the copolymer. Bacterial attachment tests revealed that macro-biofouling was inhibited as well. Results of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes adhesion indicated that membranes prepared from a casting solution containing 5 wt% copolymer are highly hemocompatible, result supported by low hemolysis ratio (1%) and delay of plasma clotting time. Overall, this study unveils that in situ modification coupled to the VIPS method can readily lead to hemocompatible PVDF membranes

Molecular Dynamics Studies of Concentrated Binary Solutions of Lanthanide Salts: Structural and Exchange Dynamics

International audienceConcentrated binary aqueous solutions of lanthanide (Nd3+ and Dy3+) salts (ClO4−, Cl−, and NO3−) have been studied by means of classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with explicit polarization and UV−visible spectroscopy. Pair interaction potentials, used for the MD simulations, have been developed in order to reproduce experimental hydration properties. Nd3+ and Dy3+ have been chosen because of their position in the lanthanide series: Nd3+ being a light lanthanide and Dy3+ a heavy one. They are respectively coordinated to nine and eight water molecules, in pure water, involving changes in their salt hydration structures. Both MD simulations and UV−visible experiments highlight the stronger affinity of nitrate anions toward Ln3+ compared to perchlorates and chlorides. Dissociation/association processes of Nd3+−Cl− and Nd3+−NO3− ion pairs in aqueous solution have been analyzed using potential of mean force profile calculations. Furthermore, from MD simulations, it appears that the affinity of anions (perchlorate, chloride, and nitrate) is stronger for Nd3+ than Dy3+

Radiolyse alpha du ligand DOTA en solution aqueuse

International audienc

Nécroscopie. : Une nécropole d'Augustodunum sous le regard de l'archéologie

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Anxiety in Mice: A Principal Component Analysis Study

Two principal component analyses of anxiety were undertaken investigating two strains of mice (ABP/Le and C57BL/6ByJ) in two different experiments, both classical tests for assessing anxiety in rodents. The elevated plus-maze and staircase were used for the first experiment, and a free exploratory paradigm and light-dark discrimination were used for the second. The components in the analyses produced definitions of four fundamental behavior patterns: novelty-induced anxiety, general activity, exploratory behavior, and decision making. We also noted that the anxious phenotype was determined by both strain and experimental procedure. The relationship between behavior patterns and the use of specific tests plus links with the genetic background are discussed

Self-Cleaning Interfaces of Polydimethylsiloxane Grafted with pH-Responsive Zwitterionic Copolymers

International audienceSelf-cleaning surfaces allow the reversible attachment and detachment of microorganisms which show great promise in regards to their reusability as smart biomaterials. However, a widely used biomaterial such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) suffers from high biofouling activity and hydrophobic recovery that results in decreased efficiency and stability. A current challenge is to modify and fabricate self-cleaning PDMS surfaces by incorporating antifouling and pH-sensitive properties. To address this, we synthesized a zwitterionic and pH-sensitive random poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-sulfobetaine methacrylate-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) polymer, poly(GMA-co-SBMA-co-DMAEMA). In this work, chemical modification of PDMS was done by grafting onto poly(GMA-co-SBMA-co-DMAEMA) after surface activation via UV and ozone for 90 min to ensure the formation of covalent bonds necessary for stable grafting. The PDMS grafted with G20-S40-D40 exhibit antifouling and pH-sensitive properties by mitigating fibrinogen adsorption, blood cell adhesion, and releasing 98% adhered E. coli bacteria after immersion at basic pH. The grafting of poly(GMA-co-SBMA-co-DMAEMA) presented in this work shows attractive potential for biomedical and industrial applications as a simple, smart, and effective method for the modification of PDMS interface

Les stèles funéraires de la nécropole de Pont-l'Évêque : Contextes de découverte et étude du corpus.

National audienceLors de l’été 2004, la fouille d’une vaste nécropole, en périphérie d’Autun, fut l’occasion de mettre au jour un lot de stèles funéraires en nombre tout à fait inattendu3. Après avoir examiné les contextes de leur découverte et livré nos interprétations sur les causes de leur enfouissement, nous présentons le catalogue de l’ensemble des monuments inscrits et sculptés, suivi d’une analyse iconographique et onomastique