Dynamic Social Balance and Convergent Appraisals via Homophily and Influence Mechanisms

Social balance theory describes allowable and forbidden configurations of the topologies of signed directed social appraisal networks. In this paper, we propose two discrete-time dynamical systems that explain how an appraisal network \textcolor{blue}{converges to} social balance from an initially unbalanced configuration. These two models are based on two different socio-psychological mechanisms respectively: the homophily mechanism and the influence mechanism. Our main theoretical contribution is a comprehensive analysis for both models in three steps. First, we establish the well-posedness and bounded evolution of the interpersonal appraisals. Second, we fully characterize the set of equilibrium points; for both models, each equilibrium network is composed by an arbitrary number of complete subgraphs satisfying structural balance. Third, we establish the equivalence among three distinct properties: non-vanishing appraisals, convergence to all-to-all appraisal networks, and finite-time achievement of social balance. In addition to theoretical analysis, Monte Carlo validations illustrates how the non-vanishing appraisal condition holds for generic initial conditions in both models. Moreover, numerical comparison between the two models indicate that the homophily-based model might be a more universal explanation for the formation of social balance. Finally, adopting the homophily-based model, we present numerical results on the mediation and globalization of local conflicts, the competition for allies, and the asymptotic formation of a single versus two factions

Droplet motion driven by surface freezing or melting: A mesoscopic hydrodynamic approach

A fluid droplet may exhibit self-propelled motion by modifying the wetting properties of the substrate. We propose a novel model for droplet propagation upon a terraced landscape of ordered layers formed as a result of surface freezing driven by the contact angle dependence on the terrace thickness. Simultaneous melting or freezing of the terrace edge results in a joint droplet-terrace motion. The model is tested numerically and compared to experimental observations on long-chain alkane system in the vicinity of the surface melting point.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Large Polarization and Susceptibilities in Artificial Morphotropic Phase Boundary PbZr1−xTixO3 Superlattices

The ability to produce atomically precise, artificial oxide heterostructures allows for the possibility of producing exotic phases and enhanced susceptibilities not found in parent materials. Typical ferroelectric materials either exhibit large saturation polarization away from a phase boundary or large dielectric susceptibility near a phase boundary. Both large ferroelectric polarization and dielectric permittivity are attained wherein fully epitaxial (PbZr0.8Ti0.2O3)n/(PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3)2n (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, 16 unit cells) superlattices are produced such that the overall film chemistry is at the morphotropic phase boundary, but constitutive layers are not. Long- (n ≥ 6) and short-period (n = 2) superlattices reveal large ferroelectric saturation polarization (Ps = 64 µC cm−2) and small dielectric permittivity (εr ≈ 400 at 10 kHz). Intermediate-period (n = 4) superlattices, however, exhibit both large ferroelectric saturation polarization (Ps = 64 µC cm−2) and dielectric permittivity (εr = 776 at 10 kHz). First-order reversal curve analysis reveals the presence of switching distributions for each parent layer and a third, interfacial layer wherein superlattice periodicity modulates the volume fraction of each switching distribution and thus the overall material response. This reveals that deterministic creation of artificial superlattices is an effective pathway for designing materials with enhanced responses to applied bias

Racial Stratification in Self-Rated Health Among Black Mexicans and White Mexicans

How do Mexicans of distinct racial backgrounds fit into the recognized patterns of racial health disparities? We conduct regression analyses using data from the 2000-2017 National Health Interview Survey to determine if Mexicans who self-identify as White or Black have a relative advantage or disadvantage in self-rated health in relation to Non-Hispanic (NH) Whites and Blacks in the U.S. Our results indicate that both Black Mexicans and White Mexicans have a significant disadvantage in relation to NH-Whites while White Mexicans have a slight advantage in relation to both NH-Blacks and Black Mexicans. Overall, our results suggest that studying health outcomes among Hispanics without considering race may mask inequalities not observed in the aggregate

Structural Balance via Gradient Flows over Signed Graphs

Structural balance is a classic property of signed graphs satisfying Heider's seminal axioms. Mathematical sociologists have studied balance theory since its inception in the 1940s. Recent research has focused on the development of dynamic models explaining the emergence of structural balance. In this paper, we introduce a novel class of parsimonious dynamic models for structural balance based on an interpersonal influence process. Our proposed models are gradient flows of an energy function, called the dissonance function, which captures the cognitive dissonance arising from violations of Heider's axioms. Thus, we build a new connection with the literature on energy landscape minimization. This gradient flow characterization allows us to study the transient and asymptotic behaviors of our model. We provide mathematical and numerical results describing the critical points of the dissonance function

Intel Tecnologías de México S. de R.L. de C.V

ITESO, A.C

Intel Tecnologías de México S. de R.L. de C.V.

En el presente reporte se documenta el progreso de mi Proyecto PAP (Desarrollo Tecnológico y Generación de Riqueza Sustentable – Programa de la Industria de Alta Tecnología) durante verano 2023 en Intel Tecnologías de México S. de R.L de C.V. Se detallan todas las actividades, entregables, medios de comunicación, objetivos y aprendizajes durante el periodo del 22 de mayo de 2023 al 15 de julio de 2023. Se divide en 5 apartados principales: Introducción, Desarrollo del Proyecto PAP, Resultados del Trabajo Profesional, Reflexiones del Alumno y Conclusiones. En el capítulo de Introducción se integra la información del contexto del proyecto PAP, así como sus antecedentes, objetivos, entregables e involucrados. Desarrollo del Proyecto PAP es un capítulo que describe la manera como se desarrolla y administra el proyecto PAP en la empresa, y el seguimiento a mi Proyecto de Desarrollo Educativo que llevo en paralelo. Asimismo, se describe el Plan de Trabajo El capítulo 3 (Resultados del Trabajo Profesional) está dedicado para describir los entregables obtenidos y los resultados alcanzados, así como el beneficio e impacto que tienen en la Empresa Huésped. En el penúltimo capítulo se describen los aprendizajes profesionales, sociales, éticos y personales durante el proyecto. Finalmente, el apartado de Conclusiones contiene una síntesis de las experiencias y aprendizajes técnicos y sociales que me dejaron de haber participado en un Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional.ITESO, A.C

Modelos de estimación de consumos de agua en vivienda. Ahorros por ecotecnias hidrosanitarias y prácticas para la sustentabilidad hídrica (ZMG 2015-2017)

Esta investigación surge ante la proyección de la creciente demanda de agua en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG), aborda la sustentabilidad hídrica, su objeto de observación son los consumos de agua y el referente empírico es la vivienda urbana. En el trabajo se analizaron de manera estratégica las características de viviendas, sus usuarios y los usos de agua en cinco casos de estudio, a través de una medición directa de consumos generales, regadera y lavadora durante un determinado periodo. A partir de la revisión bibliográfica y de los resultados obtenidos, se hizo un análisis de aportes por enotecnias hidrosanitarias y prácticas para el ahorro, y se relacionaron en una hoja de cálculo como modelo de estimación de los consumos de agua en vivienda. Además, se evaluaron cinco escenarios que indican los valores mínimos y máximos del modelo, y se encontró que el porcentaje de variación del resultado calculado con respecto al valor medido de 7% a 33% para los cinco casos de estudio es menor que los errores observados de la estimación de consumos del organismo operador de agua. Los resultados pueden ser usados en un modelo de la estimación de la demanda de agua y para la toma de decisiones de los usuarios, con aportes a la sustentabilidad hídrica de la ZMG.ITESO, A.C.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologí

Gestión eficiente de las economías locales a través de estrategias administrativas/Efficient management of local economies through administrative strategies

La gestión de la economía local plantea retos al integrarse al sector productivo como uno de sus ejes de crecimiento, este estudio plantea un análisis de la dinámica de estrategias administrativas aplicadas en las microempresas de la ciudad de Macas y su incidencia en la eficiencia para promover el desarrollo del espacio, convirtiéndose éstas en las dos variables de estudio: la gestión de las economías locales y las estrategias administrativas, la metodología de trabajo a utilizar comienza definiendo una investigación de tipo cuantitativa y cualitativa, no experimental, denostándose su independencia a través del método Chi cuadrado determinándose que menos del 50% de negocios aplica algún tipo de estrategia administrativa con una incidencia directa en la gestión de la economía local que trabaja de manera aislada del sector productivo creándose una herramienta a través de la cual se pueda crear una sinergia para lograr el objetivo común que permita eficiencia en el mercado y la gestión pública. Efficient management of local economies through administrative strategies is a stady of the management of the local economy poses challenges when integrating into the productive sector as one of its growth axes, this study proposes an analysis of the dynamics of administrative strategies applied in the micro enterprises of the city of Macas and its impact on efficiency to promote the development of space, these becoming the two variables of study: the management of local economies and administrative strategies, the work methodology to be used begins defining a quantitative and qualitative research, not experimental, denoting its independence through the method Chi square determining that less than 50% of businesses apply some kind of administrative strategy with a direct impact on the management of the local economy that works in isolation from the productive sector, creating a tool through which synergy can be created to achieve the common goal that allows efi science in the market and public management. Palabras clave: Administración, Economía, desarrollo, negocios, gestión, estrategias. Keywords: Administration, Economy, development, business, management, strategies

Synthesis and characterization of copper coatings on polyimide membranes (PIR 003)

The formation of stable metallic/polymeric joints is a huge challenge in the materials sciences. Adhesion requires interphase that is able to specifically interact with the metallic phase. The primary amino groups exhibit copolymers as highly reactive to metal surfaces. This article will give a better understanding of the mechanisms of chemo-absorption by chemical functionalization of polyimides, as well as in the wet development of metallization of materials based on H2 reduction in polymers. And it will be evidenced by comparisons by measures of polymer/metal characterization.Campus Arequip