Cellulose based biopolymer nanoscaffold: A possible biomedical applications

In this work, a combination of cellulose nanofiber (CNF), coffee beans powder (CBP), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are used to design a nanowound dressing sheet (Nano-WDS), by vacuum pressure, for their sustained application in wound healing. Nano-WDS was analysed for its mechanical, antimicrobial, biocompatibility, etc., The Nano-WDS had favourable results of the tensile strength (12.85 ± 0.10 MPa), elongation at break (09.45 ± 0.28 %), water absorption (31.14 ± 0.04 %), and thickness (00.76 ± 0.02 mm). The biocompatibility study of Nano-WDS was analysed using human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), which showed excellent cell growth. The antibacterial activity was reflected in the Nano-WDS against the E.coli and S.aureus bacteria. Cellulose comprises the glucose unit and reduced graphene oxides are combined to create macromolecular interaction. The surface activity of cellulose-formed nanowound dressing sheet demonstrates a wound tissue engineering application. Based on the result of the study was proved suitable for bioactive wound dressing applications. The research proves that these Nano-WDS could be successfully used for the production of wound healing materials. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.The award of TUBITAK 2232-International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher (Project No: 118C350) to Dr. Rethinam Senthil is gratefully acknowledged.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK: 118C35

Electrical Conductivity as a Tool to Detect Salt in Clinical Proteomics Samples

Clinical proteomics encompasses the study of the proteins in the human body at different settings to understand the various physiological and pathological pathways. The processing of the samples for electrophoresis based proteomics is a challenge to any researcher. Salt in particular can have an array of effects during the electrophoretic separation of proteins. There is a definite need to determine the concentration of salts in the samples and the effectiveness of salt removing protocols on small volume samples. A simple-cost effective technique to know the salt concentration in the clinical proteomics samples has been highlighted in the report. The application will be of value in a developing country such as India

Sericin/Human Placenta-Derived Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds for Cutaneous Wound Treatment—Preparation, Characterization, In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses

Human placenta is loaded with an enormous amount of endogenous growth factors, thereby making it a superior biomaterial for tissue regeneration. Sericin is a naturally occurring silk protein that is extensively used for biomedical applications. In the present work, sericin and human placenta-derived extracellular matrix were blended and fabricated in the form of scaffolds using the freeze-drying method for cutaneous wound treatment. The prepared sericin/placenta-derived extracellular matrix (SPEM) scaffolds were characterized to determine their morphology, functional groups, mechanical strength, and antibacterial activity. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of the scaffolds showed smooth surfaces with interconnected pores. In vitro MTT and scratch wound assays performed using HaCaT cells proved the non-toxic and wound-healing efficacy of SPEM scaffolds. In vivo CAM assay using fertilized chick embryos proved the angiogenic potency of the scaffolds. Animal experiments using Wistar albino rats proved that the open excision wounds treated with SPEM scaffolds significantly reduced wound size with collagen deposition. These results confirm that SPEM scaffolds can serve as a promising biomaterial for tissue regeneration

Graphene oxide reinforced nanocellulose/leather waste-based biopolymer nano compounds for possible bioenergy production

In this study, a blend of graphene oxide (GO), leather waste (leather sludge(LS)/leather fleshings (LF)), nano-cellulose (nano-C) (biopolymer), and glycerol (Gly) homogeneously in alkaline aqueous solution is used to produce biopolymer blended solution (BBS), by chemical polymerization, for use in bioenergy. The efficient and eco-friendly BBS was characterized by its physicochemical and electrical conductivity properties. The BBS achieved the highest current density energy value (0. 53 mA cm-2) at 1. 2 V. The results of the research show the significance of evaluating bioenergy technological environmental performance from comparable perspectives to examine and identify environmental exchange from existing bioenergy developments.TUBITAK 2232 -International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher [118C350]The award of TUBITAK 2232 -International Fellowship for Outstanding Researcher (Project No: 118C350) to Dr. Rethinam Senthil is gratefully acknowledged

Sericin/Human Placenta-Derived Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds for Cutaneous Wound Treatment—Preparation, Characterization, <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Analyses

Human placenta is loaded with an enormous amount of endogenous growth factors, thereby making it a superior biomaterial for tissue regeneration. Sericin is a naturally occurring silk protein that is extensively used for biomedical applications. In the present work, sericin and human placenta-derived extracellular matrix were blended and fabricated in the form of scaffolds using the freeze-drying method for cutaneous wound treatment. The prepared sericin/placenta-derived extracellular matrix (SPEM) scaffolds were characterized to determine their morphology, functional groups, mechanical strength, and antibacterial activity. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of the scaffolds showed smooth surfaces with interconnected pores. In vitro MTT and scratch wound assays performed using HaCaT cells proved the non-toxic and wound-healing efficacy of SPEM scaffolds. In vivo CAM assay using fertilized chick embryos proved the angiogenic potency of the scaffolds. Animal experiments using Wistar albino rats proved that the open excision wounds treated with SPEM scaffolds significantly reduced wound size with collagen deposition. These results confirm that SPEM scaffolds can serve as a promising biomaterial for tissue regeneration

Gelatin/Nanofibrin bioactive scaffold prepared with enhanced biocompatibility for skin tissue regeneration

This research study was to develop a nano bioactive scaffold (NBAS) using gelatins (Gel), nanofibrin (Nano-FB), and glycerol (Gly) by film casting method for potential use in skin tissue engineering. The developed NBAS were characterized for their molecular interaction (Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)), microstructure (scanning electron microscopy (S.E.M.)), mechanical strength (tensile strength (MPa), elongation at break (%), and flexibility (%)), and Cell viability (M.T.T. assay ((3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) were assessed in the biocompatibility study. The mechanical result of the N.B.F. possessed better (tensile strength of 5.22 ± 0.07 MPa), (elongation at break of 5.88 + 0.04%), and (flexibility of 9.18 ± 0.09%) properties. The Invitro study using a human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line proved the 100% biocompatibility of NBAS. Based outcome of this study, performed its mechanical properties and exhibited biocompatibility in skin tissue engineering. The study has devised a process for using slaughterhouse and fish waste in the production of valuable medical products like wound dressing materials

Haemostatic potency of sodium alginate/aloe vera/sericin composite scaffolds – preparation, characterisation, and evaluation

AbstractFabrication of haemostatic materials with excellent antimicrobial, biocompatible and biodegradable properties remains as a major challenge in the field of medicine. Haemostatic agents play vital role in protecting patients and military individuals during emergency situations. Natural polymers serve as promising materials for fabricating haemostatic compounds due to their efficacy in promoting hemostasis and wound healing. In the present work, sodium alginate/aloe vera/sericin (SA/AV/S) scaffold has been fabricated using a simple cost-effective casting method. The prepared SA/AV/S scaffolds were characterised for their physicochemical properties such as scanning electron microscope, UV–visible spectroscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. SA/AV/S scaffold showed good mechanical strength, swelling behaviour and antibacterial activity. In vitro experiments using erythrocytes proved the hemocompatible and biocompatible features of SA/AV/S scaffold. In vitro blood clotting assay performed using human blood demonstrated the haemostatic and blood absorption properties of SA/AV/S scaffold. Scratch wound assay was performed to study the wound healing efficacy of prepared scaffolds. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay carried out using fertilised embryos proved the angiogenic property of SA/AV/S scaffold. Thus, SA/AV/S scaffold could serve as a potential haemostatic healthcare product due to its outstanding haemostatic, antimicrobial, hemocompatible, biocompatible and angiogenic properties