Mercury content in the superficial geological formations of Hungary

Abstract Among the periodic system's elements, mercury (Hg) is most liable to dispersion and, simultaneously, most liable to secondary enrichment. Consequently, mercury enrichments can occur as a result of a number of geologic as well as anthropogenic processes. If the geologic processes cease, quite extended dispersion halos can form around a former accumulation center. Hydrothermal mineralization is a typical process giving rise to mercury concentration. As a result, regional mercury impacts can occur in the floodplains of rivers flowing from the mining and heavy industrial regions of Transylvania and Slovakia. Elsewhere, mercury anomalies detectable at the intermediate scale (1:50,000) can be found in the Zemplén and Mátra Mountains and, subordinately, in the Börzsöny Mountains. Typically mercury anomalies develop above major structural lineaments as well, unless they are buried under thick young sediments. A remarkable example is the deep fault separating the Pilis and Visegrád Mountains. Another group of Hg anomalies is caused by well-known mercury contamination sources (Kazincbarcika, Balatonfűzfő), which are truly local: they cannot be detected at the scale of the given study

Analysis of the different filtration parameters of whey by tubular and vibratory filtration systems

The largest quantities of by-product of the dairy, namely whey comes from the cheese making. The whey proteins are used by the agriculture in animal nutrition, and by the human nutrition as well; dry soups, infant formulas and supplements. The aim of our experiments was the separation of the lipid fraction of whey. During the measurements 0.05 μm, 0.2 μm and 0.45 μm microfiltration membranes were used in vibrating membrane filtration equipment (VSEP) and in a laboratory tubular membrane module. During the microfiltration, analytical characteristics, the fouling and the retention values were examined. Using the VSEP and the tubular module made possible to compare the effect of vibration, the static mixer and/ the airflow on the separation parameters

Geologic mapping and environmental analyses in the vicinity of the damaged red sludge reservoir at Kolontár

Abstract The authors carried out geologic investigations in the Kolontár area in connection with the red mud catastrophe of 4 October 2010, and have acquired more detailed knowledge using geologic mapping methods. This study is an evaluation on the basis of the immediate analyses that were made after the accident and are published in this paper. Based on their research results the authors find that the alluvial deposits of the Torna Brook are highly inhomogeneous, which is manifested in the variability of stability and bearing capacity. Based on the morphology in the area of Kolontár a small, rhombus-shaped pull-apart basin can be outlined, which can be interpreted as a neotectonic event characterized by a right-lateral fault. However, further detailed research is needed in order to understand what kind of role the geologic environment played in the development of the situation that led to the dam failure

Examination of whey de-fatting by enhanced membrane filtration

The largest quantities of by-products of dairy processing originates from the cheese making. Whey proteins are used for animal feeding and human nutrition as well, for example in dry soups, infant formulas, and supplements. The fat components of the whey might impair its use. The aim of our experiments was to investigate the separation of the lipid fraction of whey. The microfiltration is said to be a gentle and energy efficient method for this task. During the measurements 0.2 μm microfiltration membranes were used and the membrane separation was enhanced by vibration, inserting static mixer and air sparging. The de-fatting efficiency, the retention of the whey components, the flux values, and the resistances in different combinations were compared in this paper

Concentration of 'Oblachinska' sour cherry juice using osmotic distillation

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