Why do These Match? Explaining the Behavior of Image Similarity Models

Explaining a deep learning model can help users understand its behavior and allow researchers to discern its shortcomings. Recent work has primarily focused on explaining models for tasks like image classification or visual question answering. In this paper, we introduce Salient Attributes for Network Explanation (SANE) to explain image similarity models, where a model's output is a score measuring the similarity of two inputs rather than a classification score. In this task, an explanation depends on both of the input images, so standard methods do not apply. Our SANE explanations pairs a saliency map identifying important image regions with an attribute that best explains the match. We find that our explanations provide additional information not typically captured by saliency maps alone, and can also improve performance on the classic task of attribute recognition. Our approach's ability to generalize is demonstrated on two datasets from diverse domains, Polyvore Outfits and Animals with Attributes 2. Code available at: https://github.com/VisionLearningGroup/SANEComment: Accepted at ECCV 202

THE COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF SELENIUM ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC LAYER

The modern selenium electrophotographic photosensor is a multilayer system in which different properties of various layers are attained by changes in the material molecular structure without any changes in its chemical composition. The models of the selenium molecular structure at different distances from the surface of the electrophotographic layer are considered. The changes of the bond length, the bond angle and the dihedral angle distributions are analysed for various parts of the layer. The correlation between the form of the third peak of RDF and the short range order parameters of selenium is defined

BODY LENGTH AND BODY WEIGHT RATIO CHARACTERISTICS OF ONE-SUMMER -OLD WELS (SILURUS GLANIS L.)

Abstract ZAIKOV, A., T. HUBENOVA, I. ILIEV and P. VASILEVA, 2008. Body length and body weight rate characteristics of one-summer-old wels (Silurus glanis L.). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., In the present research length and weight characteristics of 798 one-summer-old wels were measured, 707 of which with body weight below 50 g and 91 above 50 g respectively. They were reared in earth pond and fed on natural food. To be more demonstrative while tracing the body weight and length rate, besides the summarized data, the specimens were divided according to their body weight into groups within each one of the first two groups. The research proves that the difference in weight and length of the body between the two groups at onesummer-old age is significant (P<0.001). The correlation between weight and length growth of the body can be described by means of an equation of the type BW=0.0109SL 2.8581 (r=0.9862) in the group with body weight below 50 g and BW=0.0142SL 2.7809 (r=0.951) in the group with body weight above 50 g. For both groups of onesummer old fish studied, the coefficient of Fulton was determined. According to this index, between both groups analyzed there is a difference, which is statistically authentic at p<0.001***. The body length and body weight rate characteristics of one-summer old wels, produced from one spawner and grown in identical conditions vary considerably variation as regards body weight (BW, g) and body standard length (SL, cm), 154.33% and 41.49%, respectively. Fish with body weight below 50 g have represented 88.6% and those with body weight above 50 g -11.4%

Linear magnetoresistance in compensated graphene bilayer

We report a nonsaturating linear magnetoresistance in charge-compensated bilayer graphene in a temperature range from 1.5 to 150 K. The observed linear magnetoresistance disappears away from charge neutrality ruling out the traditional explanation of the effect in terms of the classical random resistor network model. We show that experimental results qualitatively agree with a phenomenological two-fluid model taking into account electron-hole recombination and finite-size sample geometry

Effective Power and Speed of Mining Dump Trucks in Fuel Economy Mode

Existing methods for determining the effective power, based on the calculation of the average indicator operation of the engine during the piston stroke, do not take into account the change in thermodynamic parameters and the polytropic operation of the engine, the value of which depends on the polytropic efficiency of the duty cycle. This is the reason that the calculation of the effective power leads to some error – the margin of the engine features. The identification of this stock allows us to review the entire line of dump trucks in the direction of increasing their pass- port effective capacity, which will lead to a reduction in capital purchase costs due to the choice of a previously un- derestimated and cheaper option, as well as a reduction in current operating costs due to a decrease in the specific fuel consumption rate. Taking into account the stochastic nature of the transport process and assessing the influence of all external and internal factors when calculating the rational mode of operation of a mining truck can further reduce specific fuel consumption by choosing the rational speed of its movement in loaded and empty directions

Formation of network model of value added chain based on integration of competitive enterprises in innovation-oriented cross-sectorial clusters

© 2016 Shinkevich et al.The relevance of the research problem is conditioned by the fact that currently in the global economy the strengthening of integration processes, increasing of inter-sectorial cooperation and the internationalization of economic processes are observed. Relevant and promising in this case is the formation of the network model of value added chains’ creation based on the integration of competitive enterprises in innovation-oriented cross-sectorial clusters. The purpose of the paper is to develop model of competitive enterprises’ integration in innovation-oriented inter-industry clusters, the formation of the algorithm for cluster’s building and its capacity and activity strengthening, competitive enterprises’ bringing on the level of innovative development. Leading method to the study of this problem is the method of building a spatial network model that allows realizing of economic entities’ integration of different categories and types of activities in a generic intersectorial competitive cluster. To assess the effectiveness of the value chain creation the use analysis method is assumed based on value added, which allows to diagnose groups of competitive and noncompetitive producers, to identify resource and innovative potential with further construction of development strategies. The research materials can be used in managing by the development of economic regional and cross-industry systems, clustering of the economy, as well as to assess the level of competitiveness of enterprises, the construction of strategies of innovation development

Structural, transport and microwave properties of 123/sapphire films: Thickness effect

The effect of thickness and growth conditions on the structure and microwave properties has been investigated for the 123/sapphire films. It has been shown that in the conditions of epitaxial growth the Al atoms do not diffuse from substrate into the film and the films with thickness up to 100 nm exhibit the excellent direct current (DC) properties. The increase of thickness of GdBaCuO films causes the formation of extended line-mesh defects and the increase of the surface resistance (R(sub S)). The low value of surface resistance R(sub S)(75 GHz, 77K) = 20 mOhm has been obtained for the two layer YBaCuO/CdBaCuO/sapphire films

Cingulin Binds to the ZU5 Domain of Scaffolding Protein ZO-1 to Promote Its Extended Conformation, Stabilization, and Tight Junction Accumulation

Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), the major scaffolding protein of tight junctions (TJs), recruits the cytoskeleton-associated proteins cingulin (CGN) and paracingulin (CGNL1) to TJs by binding to their N-terminal ZO-1 interaction motif. The conformation of ZO-1 can be either folded or extended, depending on cytoskeletal tension and intramolecular and intermolecular interactions, and only ZO-1 in the extended conformation recruits the transcription factor DbpA to TJs. However, the sequences of ZO-1 that interact with CGN and CGNL1 and the role of TJ proteins in ZO-1 TJ assembly are not known. Here, we used glutathione-S-transferase pulldowns and immunofluorescence microscopy to show that CGN and CGNL1 bind to the C-terminal ZU5 domain of ZO-1 and that this domain is required for CGN and CGNL1 recruitment to TJs and to phase-separated ZO-1 condensates in cells. We show that KO of CGN, but not CGNL1, results in decreased accumulation of ZO-1 at TJs. Furthermore, ZO-1 lacking the ZU5 domain showed decreased accumulation at TJs, was detectable along lateral contacts, had a higher mobile fraction than full-length ZO-1 by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis, and had a folded conformation, as determined by structured illumination microscopy of its N-terminal and C-terminal ends. The CGN-ZU5 interaction promotes the extended conformation of ZO-1, since binding of the CGN-ZO-1 interaction motif region to ZO-1 resulted in its interaction with DbpA in cells and in vitro. Together, these results show that binding of CGN to the ZU5 domain of ZO-1 promotes ZO-1 stabilization and accumulation at TJs by promoting its extended conformation