Sistematización de la experiencia "mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de dos familias con jefatura femeninas sin cónyuge, ubicadas en Barbosa, Santander y Buenaventura Valle del Cauca 2017"

En el presente estudio se expone la experiencia de sistematización vivida a partir del proyecto de asesoría familiar “Mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de dos familias con jefatura femenina, ubicadas en Barbosa, Santander y Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca”. A través de la sistematización se analiza, revisa y reflexiona sobre la experiencia de los(as) participantes a lo largo de todo el proceso, el cual se representa en tres momentos: la situación inicial y su contexto, la formulación, la ejecución y la situación final y sus efectos, dichos momentos se muestran como un proceso sistemático que contó con un equipo comprometido, hacia el logro de objetivos y la construcción de nuevos conocimientos.The present study presents the experience of vivid systematization based on the family counsel project, improving the living conditions of two families with a female lead, located in the Barbosa, Santander and Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca. Through systematization, the experience of the participants is analyzed, reviewed and reflected throughout the process, which is represented in three moments: the initial situation and its context, the formulation, execution and final situation and its effects, said moments are considered as a systematic process that relied upon a committed team towards the goal of achieving the objectives and the construction of new knowledge

Contratos de franquicias en Colombia caso Kids SAS

personas, naturales o jurídicas, que deseen emprender su propio negocio, facilitando a la sociedad el poder obtener un bien o servicio, de talla mundial, en su propio país

MicroRNAs Associated with Secondary Metabolites Production

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of the genetic expression in animals and plants by targeting mRNAs for cleavage or translational repression. Several miRNAs regulate the plant development, the metabolism, and the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Characterization of an miRNA has helped to show its role in fine tuning the mechanisms of posttranscriptional gene regulation. Although there is a lot of information related to miRNA regulation of some processes, the role of miRNA involved in the regulation of biosynthesis of secondary plant product is still poorly understood. In this chapter, we summarize the identification and characterization of miRNAs that participate in the regulation of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants and their use in the strategies to manipulate a controlled manipulation

Evaluación del sistema de control interno en la seguridad informática de la empresa pinturas y acabados Essmarr SAS

El presente análisis tiene como objetivo evaluar el sistema de control interno en la seguridad informática de la empresa Pinturas y Acabados Essmarr SAS, empresa del sector de la construcción dedicada a prestar servicios de suministros y aplicación de pinturas y tocados finales a estructuras y superficies, generando proyectos de calidad que son adaptados al perfil y necesidades de cada cliente. Pinturas y Acabados y Essmarr SAS tiene un grupo de colaboradores que han consolidado una trayectoria profesional basada en buenas prácticas, donde continuamente se crean espacios de conectividad que buscan impactar positivamente a los clientes, generando valor en cada proyecto ejecutado. Como consecuencia de la operación que realiza la organización diariamente existen riesgos que deben ser evaluados para salvaguardar la integridad de la información y generar controles internos que permitan hacer frente a futuras amenazas; fortaleciendo la estructura de control interno y generando acciones de mejora para garantizar un adecuado desarrollo de la operación y el cumplimiento de sus objetivos con un nivel de riesgo tolerable. El estudio evalúa los riesgos a los que se puede ver expuesta la organización producto de la dependencia de los sistemas de información en cada proceso ejecutado. El área de sistemas como área líder en procesos relacionados con las TIC (tecnologías de la información) muestra los procedimientos que lleva a cabo la organización para contrarrestar los ciberdelitos y la perdida de la información. Cada procedimiento, política y herramienta propuesta, producto del análisis efectuado, pretende mitigar la exposición al riesgo en las tecnologías de la información y evitar pérdidas de tipo económico que puedan ocasionar problemas de liquidez. Así mismo, se da a conocer el sistema COSO para gestionar los riesgos que impactarían de forma negativa a la organización. Con el sistema se busca encaminar a la Gerencia General al desarrollo de una herramienta efectiva para generar rendimientos de alto alcance y propender una cultura de control dentro de cada área. Los resultados obtenidos muestran debilidades en los controles de la seguridad informática, generando alertas que son clave para poder crear oportunamente políticas, procedimientos y mecanismos de respuesta a futuras contingencias.The objective of this analysis is to evaluate the internal control system in computer security of the company Pinturas y Acabados Essmarr SAS, a company in the construction sector dedicated to providing supply and application services of paintings and finishing touches to structures and surfaces, generating quality projects that are adapted to the profile and needs of each client. Pinturas y Acabados y Essmarr SAS has a group of collaborators who have consolidated a professional career based on good practices, where connectivity spaces are continuously created that seek to positively impact customers, generating value in each project executed. As a consequence of the operation carried out by the organization on a daily basis, there are risks that must be evaluated to safeguard the integrity of the information and generate internal controls that allow facing future threats; strengthening the internal control structure and generating improvement actions to guarantee an adequate development of the operation and the fulfillment of its objectives with a tolerable level of risk. The study assesses the risks to which the organization may be exposed as a result of dependence on information systems in each process carried out. The systems area as a leading area in processes related to ICT (information technology) shows the procedures carried out by the organization to counter cybercrime and the loss of information. Each procedure, policy and proposed tool, as a result of the analysis carried out, aims to mitigate the exposure to risk in information technologies and avoid economic losses that may cause liquidity problems. Likewise, the COSO system is disclosed to manage the risks that would negatively impact the organization. The system seeks to direct the General Management to the development of an effective tool to generate high-scope returns and promote a culture of control within each area. The results obtained show weaknesses in the computer security controls, generating alerts that are key to be able to create timely policies, procedures and response mechanisms to future contingencies.Resumen Ejecutivo -- Introducción -- Objetivos -- Marco Teórico -- Presentación y Antecedentes del caso -- Presentación -- Antecedentes del caso -- Literatura sobre casos Análogos -- Análisis y estudio de los resultados -- Diagnóstico de los procesos y procedimientos actuales para la seguridad informática de la empresa pinturas y acabados Essmarr SAS -- Propuesta de manuales de funciones, procesos y procedimientos que propendan de la seguridad informática -- Diseño de estrategias para el seguimiento y monitories de la seguridad informática -- Conclusiones -- Recomendaciones -- Referencias

COLLARES project report - Strengthening collaborative food waste prevention in Colombia: towards responsible consumption and production

Throwing away food which could be eaten or otherwise put to good use should no longer be tolerated. Simply deemed as ‘food waste’, this practice is meeting with increasing disfavour from governments, householders and businesses alike (World Food Security, 2014; WRAP, 2013). Advocates are increasing calling for a move towards a circular economy by designing out waste, wherever possible, at every stage of handling resources (European Commission, 2014a; LWARB, 2017; Vilariño et al., 2017; Food Citizenship, 2019; Camilleri, 2021). In this respect, Colombia has joined other regional LAC countries by aiming to halve per capita food waste by 2025 (FAO, 2016). Circular practice in food preparation entails basic moves such as combating kitchen waste. Therefore, when it comes to food businesses and the wider hospitality sector (HaFS), preventing wastage or loss would be also strategic. The central aim would be to capture residual food value and, to keep consumable foodstuff from being discarded (usually in forms of landfill). It is towards this end that the project COLLARES aims to promote action against food waste in Colombia and Peru. COLLARES was implemented in 2021 by a cross-sector partnership of academic, business and other stakeholders. Data collection and business engagement was conducted primarily between February and July 2021 and was therefore impacted significantly by the COVID 19 pandemic. Despite this, COLLARES achieved engagement and exchange with over 160 HaFS businesses across the two DAC countries. COVID 19 effects on these businesses was generally sobering. At the same time, COVID 19 restrictions helped to trigger innovative responses including; improved management; new food handling techniques, and new distribution models. This document reports only on the findings from Colombia, based on the city of Medellín. An accompanying report on the work in Peru can be found on the project website (www.collaresproject.org). In addition to a literature review, we generated primary data from three main stages of the project. These encompassed an online quantitative survey, a series of qualitative expert interviews and an online workshop for HaFS representatives in Medellín. The latter involved a mixed grouping of participants with contributions from HaFS business representatives, academics and, specialists in food waste reduction and the circular economy

Light Reflection by Cuticles of Chrysina Jewel Scarabs: Optical Measurements, Morphology Characterization, and Theoretical Modeling

Cuticles of some Chrysina scarabs are characterized by flat, graded, and twisted structures of nanosized chitin fibrils. As inferred from SEM images, each species has its own spatial period or pitch P which is dependent on the depth z through the cuticle. From Berreman’s formalism, taking into account the corresponding P(z) dependence, we evaluate reflection spectra of C. aurigans and C. chrysargyrea scarabs. The spectra display the main spectral features observed in the measured ones when small sections of the cuticles are illuminated with non-polarized light, for wavelengths between 300 and 1100 nm. By considering these twisted structures as 1D photonic crystals, an approach is developed to show how the broad band characterizing the reflection spectra arises from a narrow intrinsic photonic band width, whose spectral position moves through visible and near infrared wavelengths. The role of the epicuticle that covers the twisted structures is analyzed in terms of a waxy layer acting as an anti-reflecting coating that also shows low levels of light scattering.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigación en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales (CICIMA)UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de FísicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de QuímicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigación en Estructuras Microscópicas (CIEMIC