Acción de un colerético sobre la digestibilidad, palatabilidad de dietas con distinto tipo de grasas

Se estudia en ratas la influencia de un colerético, el 1-fenil-hidroxi-N-pentano (PC 1) adicionado a la dieta sobre la palatabilidad y digestibilidad de la grasa de una ración que contiene un 20% de la misma. Se realizan tres experiencias, utilizando en cada una de ellas aceite de oliva, sebo fundido de vaca y ácido esteárico. La técnica utilizada para la determinación de los coeficientes de digestibilidad es la Mitchell

Reported Dietary Intake and Food Sources of Zinc, Selenium, and Vitamins A, E and C in the Spanish Population: Findings from the ANIBES Study

Zinc, selenium, and the vitamins A, E and C, all have specific biological functions that are involved mainly in the antioxidant defence system, which has important implications for the development of chronic diseases. We aimed to assess the reported intake of those six nutrients, as well as the food that contributes to their sources of intakes. Data were obtained from the Spanish ANIBES (“Anthropometry, Intake and Energy Balance in Spain”) study, n = 2009 (9–75 years old). The analyses were performed in the whole population and in the plausible energy reporters after a misreporting analysis according to the European Food and Safety Authority (EFSA) protocol. A validated, photo-based three-day food record was used to collect the data. Mean (max−min) reported intake for the whole population of zinc was 8.1 ± 0.1 mg/day, (2.3–27.3 mg/day), selenium 75 ± 1 µg/day, (14–265 µg/day), vitamin A 668 µg RE/day (2–11,017 µg RE/day), retinol 364 ± 18 µg/day (0–10,881 µg/day), carotenes 1735 ± 35 µg/day (13–13,962 µg/day), vitamin E 7.0 ± 0.1 mg α-TE/day (0.7–55.2 mg α-TE/day) and vitamin C 84.4 ± 1.4 mg/day (5.0–802.7 mg/day). The main source intakes for zinc were meat and meat products, for selenium cereals and grains, for vitamin E oils and fat, and for vitamin A and C vegetables. There is an elevated percentage of the Spanish ANIBES population not meeting the EFSA recommended intakes for all analysed micronutrients: zinc (83%), vitamin A (60%), vitamin E (80%), vitamin C (36%) and selenium (25%).The authors would like to thank Coca-Cola Iberia and IPSOS for its support and technical advice, particularly Rafael Urrialde and Javier Ruiz

Beverage Consumption Habits and Association with Total Water and Energy Intakes in the Spanish Population: Findings of the ANIBES Study

Background: Inadequate hydration is a public health issue that imposes a significant economic burden. In Spain, data of total water intake (TWI) are scarce. There is a clear need for a national study that quantifies water and beverage intakes and explores associations between the types of beverages and energy intakes. Methods: The Anthropometry, Intake and Energy Balance Study ANIBES is a national survey of diet and nutrition conducted among a representative sample of 2285 healthy participants aged 9–75 years in Spain. Food and beverage intakes were assessed in a food diary over three days. Day and time of beverage consumption were also recorded. Results: On average, TWI was 1.7 L (SE 21.2) for men and 1.6 L (SE 18.9) for women. More than 75% of participants had inadequate TWI, according to European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendations. Mean total energy intake (EI) was 1810 kcal/day (SE 11.1), of which 12% was provided by beverages. Water was the most consumed beverage, followed by milk. The contribution of alcoholic drinks to the EI was near 3%. For caloric soft drinks, a relatively low contribution to the EI was obtained, only 2%. Of eight different types of beverages, the variety score was positively correlated with TWI (r = 0.39) and EI (r = 0.23), suggesting that beverage variety is an indicator of higher consumption of food and drinks. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that well-conducted surveys such as the ANIBES study have the potential to yield rich contextual value data that can emphasize the need to undertake appropriate health and nutrition policies to increase the total water intake at the population level promoting a healthy Mediterranean hydration pattern.The ANIBES study was supported by Coca-Cola Iberia through an agreement with the Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN) who assisted with the technical advice. The current analysis included in this paper was financially supported by a Grant from the European Hydration Institute to the Canarian Foundation Science and Technology Park of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Influencia de la fritura sobre el valor biológico de una proteína de pescado

Estudiamos por Ia técnica de Mitchell modificada pOr Schiller el Valor Biológico de la proteína del pez espada (xiphias gladius). Las experiencias se realizaron en tres lotes de tatas comparativamente con la proteína cruda y frita  en aceites de soja y oliva a 180 ºC durante 10 minutos

Long-term dietary folate deficiency accelerates progressive hearing loss on CBA/Ca mice

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).Dietary folic acid deficiency induced early hearing loss in C57BL/6J mice after two-months, corroborating the epidemiological association previously described between vitamin deficiency and this sensory impairment. However, this strain is prone to early hearing loss, and hence we decided to analyze whether the effects exerted by folate deprivation follow the same pattern in a mouse strain such as CBA/Ca, which is resistant to hearing impairment. Here, we show results of a long-term study on hearing carried out on CBA/Ca mice subjected to dietary folate deprivation. Systemic changes included decreased serum folate levels, hyperhomocysteinemia and signs of anemia in the group fed the folate-deficient diet. Initial signs of hearing loss were detected in this strain after 8-months of vitamin deficiency, and correlated with histological damage in the cochleae. In conclusion, the data presented reinforce the importance of adequate folic acid levels for the auditory system and suggest that the impact of dietary deficiencies may depend on the genetic background.RM was a fellow of the JAE-CSIC predoctoral program. This work was supported by grants of the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (SAF2014-53979-R to IV; BFU2009-08977 to MP), the European Union (FP7-AFHELO and TARGEAR to IV).Peer reviewe

La carne de vacuno en la alimentación humana

36 páginas, 2 Figuras, 7 Tablas.-- Publicaciones. Serie "Divulgación", Nº 16 Madrid, 2001.El «buen comer» se puede considerar desde dos puntos de vista distintos: como una necesidad y como un placer. En primer lugar, el hombre necesita alimentarse para mantener su salud y actividad. Con este fin, y dado su carácter de omnívoro, puede utilizar una amplia variedad de alimentos que le proporcionan la energía y todos los nutrientes, en calidad y cantidad suficientes para asegurar un adecuado estado de salud y desarrollo. La segunda faceta del «buen comer», la alimentación como fuente de placer, se basa en el hecho de que aunque una persona necesite una cantidad determinada de energía y nutrientes, es decir, aunque tenga una sola forma de nutrirse, a estas necesidades puede hacerlas frente a partir de un abanico muy amplio de alimentos que conforman distintas dietas o modos de alimentarse. En este sentido, la selección y consumo de alimentos que constituyen la dieta normal de un individuo están regulados por muchos factores, aparte de los nutricionales, que, en conjunto, determinan los hábitos alimentarios. Estos factores pueden clasificarse según el esquema de la figura 1.Peer reviewe