Is there Still a PR Problem Online? Exploring the Effects of Different Sources and Crisis Response Strategies in Online Crisis Communication Via Social Media

This study examined the effects of source and crisis response strategy on crisis communication outcomes in the context of social media. A 3 (source: organization, CEO, or customer) × 2 (strategy: accommodative or defensive) × 2 (crisis type: airline crash or bank hacking) mixed experimental study was conducted with 391 participants. The organizational sources were more likely to be perceived as more credible than the non-organizational sources. In particular, the CEO appeared to be the most trustworthy and credible source in delivering crisis messages. The path analysis indicated that perceived source credibility mediated the effect of source on reputation and behavioral intentions. This mediation appeared to be contingent on the type of crisis response strategy

The Nexus of Political Violence and Economic Deprivation: Pakistani Migrants Disrupt the Refugee / Migrant Dichotomy

There have been discussions about how the labels “forced migrants,” related to political violence, and “voluntary migrants,” associated with economic factors, cannot be understood in categorical ways. However, there has been less focus on the specificities of the asylum-migrant nexus from the perspective of migrants. This essay discusses how such factors intersect as understood by Pakistani migrants residing in Germany. Through enacting a critical view of Pakistan, the migrants demonstrate how aspects of corruption, economic deprivation, and political violence come to intersect so that is becomes impossible to classify asylum seekers in binary/dichotomous ways

Theorizing Moral Cognition: Culture in Action, Situations, and Relationships

Dual-process theories of morality are approaches to moral cognition that stress the varying significance of emotion and deliberation in shaping judgments of action. Sociological research that builds on these ideas considers how cross-cultural variation alters judgments, with important consequences for what is and is not considered moral behavior. Yet lacking from these approaches is the notion that, depending on the situation and relationship, the same behavior by the same person can be considered more or less moral. The author reviews recent trends in sociological theorizing about morality and calls attention to the neglect of situational variations and social perceptions as mediating influences on judgment. She then analyzes the moral machine experiment to demonstrate how situations and relationships inform moral cognition. Finally, the author suggests that we can extend contemporary trends in the sociology of morality by connecting culture in thinking about action to culture in thinking about people

Exploring Russian-speaking identity from below: the case of Latvia

Recent research on the acculturation strategies of Russian speakers in Latvia has demonstrated that there is a high level of support for integration (identifying with both Latvian and Russian cultures) compared to marginalization, separation, or assimilation. However, a number of researchers have also highlighted the negative impact of top-down narratives and discourses produced by the country's politicians and journalists. These discourses, it is argued, hamper the integration process by creating incompatible identity positions between ‘Russian-speakers’ and ‘Latvians’. Accordingly, this research turns to focus group interviews with Russian speakers in Latvia in order to uncover the nuances of their identity-forming processes, their relations with the respective Russian and Latvian states, and their acculturation strategies, which are commonly overlooked in top-down accounts. Based on the analysis of the qualitative data it will be argued that there is great potential for an integrated, yet culturally distinct Latvian-Russian identity in Latvia

Thematic Report One - Understanding Transnational Diaspora Politics: A Conceptual Discussion

This is the first of three CREST-funded Thematic Reports published by a team of researchers at City, University of London, and Cranfield University at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom examining political action among diaspora populations. The purpose of the report is to explore the theoretical and conceptual basis underpinning academic debates on engagement in the politics of conflict and post-conflict by communities living overseas. The research team is interested specifically in the Sri Lankan civil conflict between 1983 and 2009 and its aftermath, and understanding the attitudes towards and involvement in that conflict on the part of Tamil diaspora communities. The CREST project is exploring diaspora communities’ relationship with the changing socio-political environment in the homeland and how this influences processes of radicalisation or moderation. It recognises that the socio-political circumstances in which these processes develop are often crucial towards understanding why a community or individuals within that community abroad act in a certain way; this includes analysis of different scales and levels of engagement, both in home countries and in host countries, as well as different ‘areas’ of engagement, which can range from social to economic to political interactions. The following review is not specific to the Sri Lankan situation; it is rather concerned with how four concepts, diaspora, transnationalism, cosmopolitanism, and translocalism, have come to frame the academic discussion of diaspora or more broadly overseas politics and the potential of the concepts to shed light on the relationship between mobility and political action. It considers the extent to which these concepts are helpful in identifying the rationale behind specific methods of political participation offering critical reflections on the analytical and normative usefulness of these terms

Effect of priming exercise on oxygen uptake kinetics in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

The cardinal symptom of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is exercise intolerance, which is associated with fatigue and reduced quality of life. HFpEF patients exhibit skeletal muscle dysfunction related to reduced peak oxygen uptake (peak V̇O2p). Prior heavy exercise speeds pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2p) kinetics in older adults and in HF patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), presumably through increased oxygen delivery to the exercising muscle. We tested the hypothesis that prior heavy exercise would not speed V̇O2p on-kinetics in patients with HFpEF, suggesting HFpEF exercise intolerance stems primarily from muscle dysfunction. Eight HFpEF patients, 4 high-fit (CTL-HF), and 5 low-fit age-matched controls (CTL-LF) underwent echocardiography and peak exercise testing (cycle ergometer). Subjects performed 3 separate repetitions of 2 exercise transitions: MOD1, transition from rest to 4-min moderate intensity cycling (work rate corresponding to 90% ventilatory threshold); and MOD2, MOD1 preceded by 2-min of heavy cycling (∆50% intensity; halfway between ventilatory threshold and peak) and 5-min of inter-transition rest. V̇O2p (breath-by-breath gas exchange), heart rate (HR, ECG), stroke volume (SV, ModelFlow), cardiac output (CO, calculated), total peripheral resistance (TPR, calculated), and tissue oxygenation of the vastus lateralis (TOI, near-infrared spectroscopy) on-kinetics were measured. V̇O2p, HR, and CO data were linearly interpolated, time-aligned, averaged into 5-s time bins, and curve-fitted using a monoexponential equation. ∆SV, ∆TPR, and ∆TOI were calculated from baseline at 15s, 30s, and end-exercise to represent time-course changes. Analysis included repeated measures ANOVA, and SNK post-hoc, break-down analyses, and non-parametric testing where appropriate. Significance was P<0.05. HFpEF V̇O2p on-kinetics were slower than CTL-HF but similar to CTL-LF, pooled across conditions (P=0.008). MOD2 V̇O2p on-kinetics were faster compared to MOD1, pooled across groups (P=0.039). CTL-HF had a greater reduction in TPR across all time points compared to HFpEF (all P<0.038) and at 30s and end-exercise compared to CTL-LF (all P<0.032), pooled across conditions. HFpEF patients and CTL-LF had decreased TOI at 15-30s (all P≤0.024) in MOD1. By visual inspection, HFpEF TOI remained depressed while CTL-LF TOI increased to baseline levels, with no group difference at end-exercise (P=0.086) in MOD1. CTL-HF TOI increased at 15-30s (all P≤0.024) and decreased toward baseline levels. All groups had slower HR on-kinetics in MOD2 compared to MOD1 (P=0.001). TOI showed a greater reduction in MOD2 than MOD1 in HFpEF at 30s (P=0.033) and CTL-HF throughout MOD2 (all P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that HFpEF patients have impaired V̇O2p on-kinetics and a speeding response of V̇O2p on-kinetics to prior exercise, suggesting O2 delivery may be an important rate-limiting factor of V̇O2p on-kinetics in HFpEF

Thematic Report Two - The Engagement of Refugees in Transnational Politics: Lessons from the Migration, Diaspora and Refugee Studies Literature

This is the second of three CREST-funded Thematic Reports published by a team of researchers at City, University of London, and Cranfield University at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, that cumulatively build a comprehensive picture of the state of knowledge on political action among diaspora and refugee populations. The research team is specifically interested in applying the theoretically-informed, literature and evidence grounded conclusions arising from these reports to understand the attitudes towards and involvement in the Sri Lankan civil conflict (1983-2009) and its aftermath by Tamil diaspora communities, but with a broader application. The CREST project is exploring diaspora and refugee communities’ relationship with the changing socio-political environment in the homeland and how this influences processes of radicalisation or moderation. It recognises that the socio-political circumstances in which these processes develop are often crucial to understanding why a community or individuals within that community abroad act in a certain way; this includes analysis of different scales and levels of engagement, both in home countries and in host countries, as well as different ‘areas’ of engagement, which can include social, economic and political interactions. Thematic Report One discussed how four analytical concepts, diaspora, transnationalism, cosmopolitanism, and translocalism, have come to frame the academic discussion of overseas politics and the potential of the concepts to shed light on the relationship between mobility and political action. The current paper – Thematic Report Two – complements the previous report’s broad conceptual discussion by specifically focusing on an analysis of the context and drivers of political action among diaspora and refugee populations, and engaging with the term ‘refugee politics’. It considers if the available diaspora and migration literature sheds light on whether the processes and dynamics of forced migration are likely to generate identifiable forms of political engagement

Spartan Daily, May 23, 1941

Volume 29, Issue 147https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/3309/thumbnail.jp

Disclaiming the Diaspora: Somali Forced Migrants in Cairo and “the Other Abroad”

“Of course I am not [among the diaspora]! Look at me, I am still in Africa! ” (Hassan, refugee in Cairo, interview 09.02.2013) The concept of diaspora has attracted much attention in the scholarly debate on migration, and has also entered into public discourse, even being appropriated by migrants themselves.2 For instance, the term diasborada is now part of the Somali vocabulary, referring not only t

Evangelical Visitor - August 13, 1956 Vol. LXIX. No. 17

Vol. LXIX. No. 1