935 research outputs found
A General Approach of Quasi-Exactly Solvable Schroedinger Equations with Three Known Eigenstates
We propose a general method for constructing quasi-exactly solvable
potentials with three analytic eigenstates. These potentials can be real or
complex functions but the spectrum is real. A comparison with other methods is
also performed
Occupational burden of disease in the Netherlands
Ongunstige arbeidsomstandigheden veroorzaken 2 tot 4% van de totale ziektelast in Nederland. Het begrip ziektelast is een maatstaf om de gevolgen van ziekte uit te drukken. Het combineert gezondheidsverlies door verminderde kwaliteit van leven en door vroegtijdig overlijden. Hoge werkdruk, blootstelling aan schadelijke stoffen (inclusief passief roken) en beeldschermwerk zijn de ongunstigste arbeidsomstandigheden. Zij zorgen voor veel ziektelast door burn-out, de chronische luchtwegaandoening COPD, longkanker en klachten van arm, nek en schouder (KANS). In het rapport is de positieve invloed van arbeid op de gezondheid niet meegenomen. Het RIVM laat voor het eerst zien welke arbeidsgerelateerde aandoeningen veel ziektelast in Nederland veroorzaken. Deze gegevens bieden aanknopingspunten voor verder onderzoek en voor maatregelen om de ziektelast door deze aandoeningen te verminderen. Dat is niet alleen goed voor werknemers en werkgevers, maar ook voor de volksgezondheid en de samenleving in haar geheel: health is wealth. In eerdere ziektelastberekeningen van de wereldgezondheidsorganisatie (WHO) is de arbeidsgerelateerde ziektelast in Nederland sterk onderschat. In Nederland veroorzaken niet zozeer de 'klassieke' risico's en aandoeningen, zoals arbeidsongevallen en slechthorendheid door lawaai, de meeste ziektelast. Juist 'nieuwe' aandoeningen, zoals burn-out en KANS, leiden hiertoe, en die zijn niet meegenomen in de WHO-schattingen. Behalve negatieve effecten op de gezondheid hebben ongunstige arbeidsomstandigheden een nadelig effect op de arbeidsproductiviteit, het ziekteverzuim en arbeidsongeschiktheid. In theorie blijkt het mogelijk om deze effecten te berekenen. Het is aan te bevelen om uit te zoeken of dit in de praktijk haalbaar is.Occupational health risks cause 2 to 4% of the total burden of disease in the Netherlands. The concept of burden of disease is a criterion to express the consequences of disease. It combines the time lived with disability and the time lost due to premature mortality. A high workload, exposure to harmful chemicals (including environmental tobacco smoke) and working with a computer are the most unfavourable working conditions. They contribute most to the occupational burden of disease caused by: burn-out, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer and complaints of arm, neck and shoulder (CANS). The health benefits of work were not included in this report. For the first time, the RIVM shows in this study which occupational diseases contribute most to the burden of disease in the Netherlands. The data offer starting points for further research and measures to reduce the burden of disease caused by these complaints. This is good not only for employers and employees but also for public health and society as a whole: health is wealth. The World Health Organization (WHO) underestimated the occupational burden of disease in the Netherlands in its earlier burden of disease assessments. In the Netherlands, most of the burden of disease is not caused by the 'classical' risks and diseases like accidents and hearing impairment caused by noise. Rather 'new' diseases like burn-out and CANS cause considerable loss of health and were not taken into account in the assessments of the WHO. Unfavourable working conditions do not only have negative effects on health, but also have a disadvantageous effect on productivity, absenteeism and incapacity for work. In theory it is possible to estimate these adverse effects. We therefore advise to study whether estimating them is feasible in practice.SZ
A General Approach of Quasi-Exactly Solvable Schroedinger Equations
We construct a general algorithm generating the analytic eigenfunctions as
well as eigenvalues of one-dimensional stationary Schroedinger Hamiltonians.
Both exact and quasi-exact Hamiltonians enter our formalism but we focus on
quasi-exact interactions for which no such general approach has been considered
before. In particular we concentrate on a generalized sextic oscillator but
also on the Lame and the screened Coulomb potentials.Comment: 23 pages, no figur
Darboux transformations for quasi-exactly solvable Hamiltonians
We construct new quasi-exactly solvable one-dimensional potentials through
Darboux transformations. Three directions are investigated:
Reducible and two types of irreducible second-order transformations. The
irreducible transformations of the first type give singular intermediate
potentials and the ones of the second type give complex-valued intermediate
potentials while final potentials are meaningful in all cases.
These developments are illustrated on the so-called radial sextic oscillator.Comment: 11 pages, Late
Effects of non-local exchange on core level shifts for gas-phase and adsorbed molecules
Density functional theory calculations are often used to interpret experimental shifts in core level binding energies. Calculations based on gradient-corrected (GC) exchange-correlation functionals are known to reproduce measured core level shifts (CLS) of isolated molecules and metal surfaces with reasonable accuracy. In the present study, we discuss a series of examples where the shifts calculated within a GC-functional significantly deviate from the experimental values, namely the CLS of C 1s in ethyl trifluoroacetate, Pd 3d in PdO and the O 1s shift for CO adsorbed on PdO(101). The deviations are traced to effects of the electronic self-interaction error with GC-functionals and substantially better agreements between calculated and measured CLS are obtained when a fraction of exact exchange is used in the exchange-correlation functional
N\'eel and Spin-Peierls ground states of two-dimensional SU(N) quantum antiferromagnets
The two-dimensional SU(N) quantum antiferromagnet, a generalization of the
quantum Heisenberg model, is investigated by quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
The ground state for is found to be of the N\'eel type with broken
SU(N) symmetry, whereas it is of the Spin-Peierls type for with broken
lattice translational invariance. No intermediate spin-liquid phase was
observed in contrast to previous numerical simulations on smaller lattices
[Santoro et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 83} 3065 (1999)].Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Hyperthermia Reduces Irradiation-Induced Tumor Repopulation in an In Vivo Pancreatic Carcinoma Model
Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and ability to metastasize at an early stage. Currently, its management is still a challenge because this neoplasm is resistant to conventional treatment approaches, among which is chemo-radiotherapy (CRT), due to the abundant stromal compartment involved in the mechanism of hypoxia. Hyperthermia, among other effects, counteracts hypoxia by promoting blood perfusion and thereby can enhance the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT). Therefore, the establishment of integrated treatments would be a promising strategy for the management of pancreatic carcinoma. Here, the effects of joint radiotherapy/hyperthermia (RT/HT) on optimized chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) pancreatic tumor models are investigated. This model enables a thorough assessment of the tumor-arresting effect of the combined approach as well as the quantitative evaluation of hypoxia and cell cycle-associated mechanisms by both gene expression analysis and histology. The analysis of the lower CAM allows to investigate the variation of the metastatic behaviors of the cancer cells associated with the treatments. Overall, this study provides a potentially effective combined strategy for the non-invasive management of pancreatic carcinoma
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