An atypical case of proventricular dilatation in a Red-and-green Macaw (Ara Chloropterus)

A Red-and-green Macaw (Ara chloropterus) was presented with regurgitation and passage of undigested seeds in the feces. Radiographic examination revealed dilatation of the proventriculus. Contrast radiography was performed and revealed that the proventricular dilatation and associated clinical signs resulted from circumferential thickening of the proventricular wall leading to severe narrowing of the lumen of the proventriculus. Testing for parrot bornavirus (PaBV) was negative. After the initiation of antimicrobial treatment because of suspected bacterial overgrowth, all clinical signs resolved two weeks after the start of the treatment, and radiographs taken four months after initial presentation revealed a normal appearance and size of the proventriculus. In the present case, bacterial proventriculitis associated with hyperplasia of the proventricular wall was put forward as a final but presumptive diagnosis highlighting the need to differentiate bacterial proventriculitis from other causes of proventricular dilatation in macaws

An atypical case of proventricular dilatation disease in a red-and-green macaw (Ara chloropterus)

A Red-and-green Macaw (Ara chloropterus) was presented with regurgitation and passage of undigested seeds in the feces. Radiographic examination revealed dilatation of the proventriculus. Contrast radiography was performed and revealed that the proventricular dilatation and associated clinical signs resulted from circumferential thickening of the proventricular wall leading to severe narrowing of the lumen of the proventriculus. Testing for parrot bornavirus (PaBV) was negative. After the initiation of antimicrobial treatment because of suspected bacterial overgrowth, all clinical signs resolved two weeks after the start of the treatment, and radiographs taken four months after initial presentation revealed a normal appearance and size of the proventriculus. In the present case, bacterial proventriculitis associated with hyperplasia of the proventricular wall was put forward as a final but presumptive diagnosis highlighting the need to differentiate bacterial proventriculitis from other causes of proventricular dilatation in macaws

Diagnosis of dental problems in pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Dental problems are very common in pet rabbits. To establish a correct diagnosis of rabbit dental pathology, a general knowledge of normal dental anatomy and physiology is necessary. The specific anatomy and the most common pathologies of rabbit dentition are reviewed. Techniques for diagnosing dental abnormalities - such as clinical examination, radiography and computed tomography (CT) - are summarized. Finally two clinical cases of rabbits with dental pathologies are described

General anesthesia for the surgical repair of a tarsometatarsal fracture in a Harris's Hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus)

A Harris's Hawk was referred for severe lameness of the left pelvic limb. Clinical examination and radiography revealed an open transverse diaphyseal fracture in the proximal third of the tarsometatarsal bone. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen after premedication with buprenorphine intramuscularly. Closed reduction and stabilization using a Type IIa external skeletal fixation device was performed during anesthesia lasting 70 minutes. Recovery was fast, uneventful and complete 15 minutes after isoflurane was stopped. Meloxicam (0.5mg/kg bid) was administered as analgesic and and marbofloxacine (15mg/kg bid) as antibiotic therapy during the post-operative period