242 research outputs found
Reducing touching eyes, nose and mouth (‘T-zone’) to reduce the spread of infectious disease: A prospective study of motivational, volitional and non-reflective predictors
BACKGROUND: The route into the body for many pathogens is through the eyes, nose and mouth (i.e., the 'T-zone') via inhalation or fomite-based transfer during face touching. It is important to understand factors that are associated with touching the T-zone to inform preventive strategies. PURPOSE: To identify theory-informed predictors of intention to reduce facial 'T-zone' touching and self-reported 'T-zone' touching. METHODS: We conducted a nationally representative prospective questionnaire study of Canadians. Respondents were randomized to answer questions about touching their eyes, nose, or mouth with a questionnaire assessing 11 factors from an augmented Health Action Process Approach at baseline: intention, outcome expectancies, risk perception, individual severity, self-efficacy, action planning, coping planning, social support, automaticity, goal facilitation and stability of context. At 2-week follow-up, we assessed HAPA-based indicators of self-regulatory activities (awareness of standards, effort, self-monitoring) and self-reported behaviour (primary dependent variable). RESULTS: Of 656 Canadian adults recruited, 569 responded to follow-up (87% response rate). Across all areas of the 'T-zone', outcome expectancy was the strongest predictor of intention to reduce facial 'T-zone' touching, while self-efficacy was a significant predictor for only the eyes and mouth. Automaticity was the strongest predictor of behaviour at the 2-week follow-up. No sociodemographic or psychological factors predicted behaviour, with the exception of self-efficacy, which negatively predicted eye touching. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that focusing on reflective processes may increase intention to reduce 'T-zone' touching, while reducing actual 'T-zone' touching may require strategies that address the automatic nature of this behaviour
Framing alleged Islamist plots: a case study of British press coverage since 9/11
In the decade post 9/11 , the UK terrorist threat was associated with a series of high profile counter terrorism operations, linked to specific plots. These terrorism related episodes received significant media attention and,
as a consequence, were a visible sign of the contemporary terrorist threat. This paper seeks to identify the dominant frames rendered in news media reporting on these episodes. Through a longitudinal study of UK press coverage, the analysis reveals that two prominent frames were present, an inevitability and preparedness frame, with alleged plots
serving to underline the risk posed by contemporary terrorism,and a belonging and responsibility frame, which cast later episodes as belonging to the Muslim communities disrupted by polic
The Vehicle, Fall 2010
Table of ContentsPoetryFill Your Mouth with BerriesAaron Whitepage 1
RelationsJamie Van Allenpage 2
ExodusMegan Marie Olsonpage 4
Single FileRashelle McNairpage 7
The Aesthetic Value of the Moon, by CandlelightKathy Deckerpage 15
FactalsGabrielle Keigherpage 16
Day 5David Jacksonpage 17
Esta LloviendoHeather Gerrishpage 19
FacebrokeDarrin Gordonpage 23
5:08 pmNikki Riechertpage 24
Train TunnelsAshton Tembypage 34
VariationsKathy Deckerpage 35
WantRashelle McNairpage 36
FriendshipScott Maypage 37
Golden LandJacob Swansonpage 38
Last Night I DreamtAshton Tembypage 39
Smallest GestureScott Maypage 44
Somebody\u27s Hut in MexicoGinamarie Lobiancopage 45
Some Things You Just Can\u27t Tap Dance AroundClint Walkerpage 53
Prose
Lamparus de DiosAaron Whitepage 8
Learning CurveScott Maypage 18
RocktonKatelyn Pfaffpage 20
Fatal DistractionSolomohn Ennispage 25
Noodle NonsenseGabrielle Keigherpage 41
AntarcticaMichael Payeapage 46
Special Features
James K Johnson Award Winners:
God is GraciousJohn Klyczekpage 57
To My Ever Growing ChestJennifer Hindespage 74
God\u27s ScapegoatJennifer Hindespage 76
Rape (Verb, Noun)Jennifer Hindespage 78
Featured Artist: Ashton Tembypage 81
Editor\u27s Pick: The Shooter by Patrick Hallpage 87
Chapbook 2010 Author:Kim Hunter-Perkinspage 114
About the Contributorspage 118
About the Editorspage 122https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1092/thumbnail.jp
The Vehicle, Fall 2010
Table of ContentsPoetryFill Your Mouth with BerriesAaron Whitepage 1
RelationsJamie Van Allenpage 2
ExodusMegan Marie Olsonpage 4
Single FileRashelle McNairpage 7
The Aesthetic Value of the Moon, by CandlelightKathy Deckerpage 15
FactalsGabrielle Keigherpage 16
Day 5David Jacksonpage 17
Esta LloviendoHeather Gerrishpage 19
FacebrokeDarrin Gordonpage 23
5:08 pmNikki Riechertpage 24
Train TunnelsAshton Tembypage 34
VariationsKathy Deckerpage 35
WantRashelle McNairpage 36
FriendshipScott Maypage 37
Golden LandJacob Swansonpage 38
Last Night I DreamtAshton Tembypage 39
Smallest GestureScott Maypage 44
Somebody\u27s Hut in MexicoGinamarie Lobiancopage 45
Some Things You Just Can\u27t Tap Dance AroundClint Walkerpage 53
Prose
Lamparus de DiosAaron Whitepage 8
Learning CurveScott Maypage 18
RocktonKatelyn Pfaffpage 20
Fatal DistractionSolomohn Ennispage 25
Noodle NonsenseGabrielle Keigherpage 41
AntarcticaMichael Payeapage 46
Special Features
James K Johnson Award Winners:
God is GraciousJohn Klyczekpage 57
To My Ever Growing ChestJennifer Hindespage 74
God\u27s ScapegoatJennifer Hindespage 76
Rape (Verb, Noun)Jennifer Hindespage 78
Featured Artist: Ashton Tembypage 81
Editor\u27s Pick: The Shooter by Patrick Hallpage 87
Chapbook 2010 Author:Kim Hunter-Perkinspage 114
About the Contributorspage 118
About the Editorspage 122https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1092/thumbnail.jp
Serology describes a profile of declining malaria transmission in Farafenni, The Gambia
BACKGROUND: Malaria morbidity and mortality has declined in recent years in a number of settings. The ability to describe changes in malaria transmission associated with these declines is important in terms of assessing the potential effects of control interventions, and for monitoring and evaluation purposes. METHODS: Data from five cross-sectional surveys conducted in Farafenni and surrounding villages on the north bank of River Gambia between 1988 and 2011 were compiled. Antibody responses to MSP-119 were measured in samples from all surveys, data were normalized and expressed as seroprevalence and seroconversion rates (SCR) using different mathematical models. RESULTS: Results showed declines in serological metrics with seroprevalence in children aged one to 5 years dropping from 19 % (95 % CI 15-23 %) in 1988 to 1 % (0-2 %) in 2011 (p value for trend in proportions < 0.001) and the SCR dropping from 0.069 year(-1) (0.059-0.080) to 0.022 year(-1) (0.017-0.028; p = 0.004). The serological data were consistent with previously described drops in both parasite prevalence in children aged 1-5 years (62 %, 57-66 %, in 1988 to 2 %, 0-4 %, in 2011; p < 0.001), and all-cause under five mortality rates (37 per 1000 person-years, 34-41, in 1990 to 17, 15-19, in 2006; p = 0.059). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis shows accurate reconstruction of historical malaria transmission patterns in the Farafenni area using anti-malarial antibody responses. Demonstrating congruence between serological measures, and conventional clinical and parasitological measures suggests broader utility for serology in monitoring and evaluation of malaria transmission
Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial
Background
Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy
Crop Updates 2006 - Cereals
This session covers twenty nine papers from different authors:
PLENARY
1. The 2005 wheat streak mosaic virus epidemic in New South Wales and the threat posed to the Western Australian wheat industry, Roger Jones and Nichole Burges, Department of Agriculture
SOUTH COAST AGRONOMY
2. South coast wheat variety trial results and best options for 2006, Mohammad Amjad, Ben Curtis and Wal Anderson, Department of Agriculture
3. Dual purpose winter wheats to improve productivity, Mohammad Amjad and Ben Curtis, Department of Agriculture
4. South coast large-scale premium wheat variety trials, Mohammad Amjad and Ben Curtis, Department of Agriculture
5. Optimal input packages for noodle wheat in Dalwallinu – Liebe practice for profit trial, Darren Chitty, Agritech Crop Research and Brianna Peake, Liebe Group
6. In-crop risk management using yield prophet®, Harm van Rees1, Cherie Reilly1, James Hunt1, Dean Holzworth2, Zvi Hochman2; 1Birchip Cropping Group, Victoria; 2CSIRO, Toowoomba, Qld
7. Yield Prophet® 2005 – On-line yield forecasting, James Hunt1, Harm van Rees1, Zvi Hochman2,Allan Peake2, Neal Dalgliesh2, Dean Holzworth2, Stephen van Rees1, Trudy McCann1 and Peter Carberry2; 1Birchip Cropping Group, Victoria; 2CSIRO, Toowoomba, Qld
8. Performance of oaten hay varieties in Western Australian environments, Raj Malik and Kellie Winfield, Department of Agriculture
9. Performance of dwarf potential milling varieties in Western Australian environments, Kellie Winfield and Raj Malik, Department of Agriculture
10. Agronomic responses of new wheat varieties in the Southern agricultural region of WA, Brenda Shackley and Judith Devenish, Department of Agriculture
11. Responses of new wheat varieties to management factors in the central agricultural region of Western Australia, Darshan Sharma, Steve Penny and Wal Anderson,Department of Agriculture
12. Sowing time on wheat yield, quality and $ - Northern agricultural region, Christine Zaicou-Kunesch, Department of Agriculture
NUTRITION
13.The most effective method of applying phosphorus, copper and zinc to no-till crops, Mike Bolland and Ross Brennan, Department of Agriculture
14. Uptake of K from the soil profile by wheat, Paul Damon and Zed Rengel, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia
15. Reducing nitrogen fertiliser risks, Jeremy Lemon, Department of Agriculture
16. Yield Prophet® and canopy management, Harm van Rees1, Zvi Hochman2, Perry Poulton2, Nick Poole3, Brooke Thompson4, James Hunt1; 1Birchip Cropping Group, Victoria; 2CSIRO, Toowoomba, Qld; 3Foundation for Arable Research, New Zealand; 4Cropfacts, Victoria
17. Producing profits with phosphorus, Stephen Loss, CSBP Ltd, WA
18. Potassium response in cereal cropping within the medium rainfall central wheatbelt, Jeff Russell1, Angie Roe2 and James Eyres2, Department of Agriculture1, Farm Focus Consultants, Northam2
19. Matching nitrogen supply to wheat demand in the high rainfall cropping zone, Narelle Simpson, Ron McTaggart, Wal Anderson, Lionel Martin and Dave Allen, Department of Agriculture
DISEASES
20. Comparative study of commercial wheat cultivars and differential lines (with known Pm resistance genes) to powdery mildew response, Hossein Golzar, Manisha Shankar and Robert Loughman, Department of Agriculture
21. On farm research to investigate fungicide applications to minimise leaf disease impacts in wheat – part II, Jeff Russell1, Angie Roe2and James Eyres2, Department of Agriculture1, and Farm Focus Consultants, Northam2
22. Disease resistance update for wheat varieties in WA, Manisha Shankar, John Majewski, Donna Foster, Hossein Golzar, Jamie Piotrowski, Nicole Harry and Rob Loughman, Department of Agriculture
23. Effect of time of stripe rust inoculum arrival on variety response in wheat, Manisha Shankar, John Majewski and Rob Loughman, Department of Agriculture
24. Fungicide seed dressing management of loose smut in Baudin barley, Geoff Thomas and Kith Jayasena, Department of Agriculture
PESTS
25. How to avoid insect contamination in cereal grain at harvest, Svetlana Micic, Paul Matson and Tony Dore, Department of Agriculture
ABIOTIC
26. Environment – is it as important as variety in sprouting tolerance? Thomas (Ben) Biddulph1, Dr Daryl Mares1, Dr Julie Plummer1 and Dr Tim Setter2, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia1 and Department of Agriculture2
27. Frost or fiction, Garren Knell, Steve Curtin and Wade Longmuir, ConsultAg Pty Ltd, WA
28. High moisture wheat harvesting in Esperance 2005, Nigel Metz, South East Premium Wheat Growers Association (SEPWA) Projects Coordinator, Esperance, WA
SOILS
28. Hardpan penetration ability of wheat roots, Tina Botwright Acuña and Len Wade, School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia
MARKETS
29. Crop shaping to meet predicted market demands for wheat in the 21st Century, Cindy Mills and Peter Stone,Australian Wheat Board, Melbourn
Prevention of Cytotoxic T Cell Escape Using a Heteroclitic Subdominant Viral T Cell Determinant
High affinity antigen-specific T cells play a critical role during protective immune responses. Epitope enhancement can elicit more potent T cell responses and can subsequently lead to a stronger memory pool; however, the molecular basis of such enhancement is unclear. We used the consensus peptide-binding motif for the Major Histocompatibility Complex molecule H-2Kb to design a heteroclitic version of the mouse hepatitis virus-specific subdominant S598 determinant. We demonstrate that a single amino acid substitution at a secondary anchor residue (Q to Y at position 3) increased the stability of the engineered determinant in complex with H-2Kb. The structural basis for this enhanced stability was associated with local alterations in the pMHC conformation as a result of the Q to Y substitution. Recombinant viruses encoding this engineered determinant primed CTL responses that also reacted to the wildtype epitope with significantly higher functional avidity, and protected against selection of virus mutated at a second CTL determinant and consequent disease progression in persistently infected mice. Collectively, our findings provide a basis for the enhanced immunogenicity of an engineered determinant that will serve as a template for guiding the development of heteroclitic T cell determinants with applications in prevention of CTL escape in chronic viral infections as well as in tumor immunity
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