1,829 research outputs found

    Genetics and biology of Anastrepha fraterculus: Research supporting the use of the sterile insect technique (SIT) to control this pest in Argentina

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    Two species of true fruit flies (taxonomic family Tephritidae) are considered pests of fruit and vegetable production in Argentina: the cosmopolitan Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann) and the new world South American fruit fly (Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann). The distribution of these two species in Argentina overlaps north of the capital, Buenos Aires. Regarding the control of these two pests, the varied geographical fruit producing regions in Argentina are in different fly control situations. One part is under a programme using the sterile insect technique (SIT) for the eradication of C. capitata, because A. fraterculus is not present in this area. The application of the SIT to control C. capitata north of the present line with the possibility of A. fraterculus occupying the niche left vacant by C. capitata becomes a cause of much concern. Only initial steps have been taken to investigate the genetics and biology of A. fraterculus. Consequently, only fragmentary information has been recorded in the literature regarding the use of SIT to control this species. For these reasons, the research to develop a SIT protocol to control A. fraterculus is greatly needed. In recent years, research groups have been building a network in Argentina in order to address particular aspects of the development of the SIT for Anastrepha fraterculus. The problems being addressed by these groups include improvement of artificial diets, facilitation of insect mass rearing, radiation doses and conditions for insect sterilisation, basic knowledge supporting the development of males-only strains, reduction of male maturation time to facilitate releases, identification and isolation of chemical communication signals, and a good deal of population genetic studies. This paper is the product of a concerted effort to gather all this knowledge scattered in numerous and often hard-toaccess reports and papers and summarize their basic conclusions in a single publication.Fil: Cladera, Jorge Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Vilardi, Juan Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Genética de Población Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Juri, Marianela Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Genética de Población Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Paulin, Laura Elisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Genética de Población Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Giardini, M. Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Gómez Cendra, Paula Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Genética de Población Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Segura, Diego Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; ArgentinaFil: Lanzavecchia, Silvia Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Genética; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

    Superelastic damping at nanoscale in ternary and quaternary Cu-based shape memory alloys

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    Superelasticity is a characteristic thermomechanical property in shape memory alloys (SMA), which is due to a reversible stress-induced martensitic transformation. Nano-compression experiments made possible the study of this property in Cu–Al–Ni SMA micropillars, showing an outstanding ultra-high mechanical damping capacity reproducible for thousands of cycles and reliable over the years. This scenario motivated the present work, where a comparative study of the damping capacity on four copper-based SMA: Cu–Al–Ni, Cu–Al–Be, Cu–Al–Ni–Be and Cu–Al–Ni–Ga is approached. For this purpose, [001] oriented single-crystal micropillars of comparable dimensions (around 1 µm in diameter) were milled by focused ion beam technique. All micropillars were cycled up to two hundred superelastic cycles, exhibiting a remarkable reproducibility. The damping capacity was evaluated through the dimensionless loss factor η, calculated for each superelastic cycle, representing the dissipated energy per cycle and unit of volume. The calculated loss factor was averaged between three micro-pillars of each alloy, obtaining the following results: Cu–Al–Ni η = 0.20 ± 0.01; Cu–Al–Be η = 0.100 ± 0.006; Cu–Al–Ni–Be η = 0.072 ± 0.004 and Cu–Al–Ni–Ga η = 0.042 ± 0.002. These four alloys exhibit an intrinsic superelastic damping capacity and offer a wide loss factor band, which constitutes a reference for engineering, since this kind of micro/nano structures can potentially be integrated not only as sensors and actuators but also as dampers in the design of MEMS to improve their reliability. In addition, the study of the dependence of the superelastic loss factor on the diameter of the pillar was approached in the Cu–Al–Ni–Ga alloy, and here we demonstrate that there is a size effect on damping at the nanoscale.Fil: Gómez Cortés, J.F.. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: Fuster, Valeria de Los Angeles. Universidad del País Vasco; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Pérez Cerrato, M.. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: Lorenzo, P.. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: Ruiz Larrea, I.. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: Breczewski, T.. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: Nó, M. L.. Universidad del País Vasco; EspañaFil: San Juan, J. M.. Universidad del País Vasco; Españ

    Correlaciones entre los parámetros colorimétricos y la composición fenólica durante la maceración prefermentativa de vinos blancos

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    La maceración del mosto con los hollejos antes de la fermentación, como proceso de mejora de las características aromáticas en los vinos blancos, produce un cambio en la composición fenólica del vino dependiendo principalmente del tiempo y la temperatura. Durante los ensayos de maceración realizados en mostos de Zalema se produce un incremento significativo (p<0.001) del contenido de flavonoides, principalmente catequina y quercetina-3-rutinosido, siendo este incremento mayor en mostos macerados a temperaturas elevadas. El análisis discriminante permite diferenciar los mostos por la temperatura de maceración, siendo los flavonoides y los ácidos hidroxicinámicos las variables con mayor poder discriminatorio. La maceración prefermentativa produce una variación de todos los parámetros colorimétricos estudiados, más intensas en los mostos macerados a mayores temperaturas (20 ºC y 25 ºC). Si se correlacionan los parámetros del color con la composición fenólica se observa que los mayores coeficientes de regresión se establecen entre el ácido caftárico y las variables cromáticas b* y croma (C*ab). Con el fin de establecer si las diferentes temperaturas de maceración conducen a vinos diferentes en cuanto a su composición fenólica y color, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de la varianza en el que se ha puesto de manifiesto diferencias significativas en la mayoría de los compuestos fenólicos pero no sobre los parámetros cromáticos estudiados

    Preoperative Tractography Algorithm for Safe Resection of Tumors Located in the Descending Motor Pathways Zone

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    BACKGROUND: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography facilitates maximal safe resection and optimizes planning to avoid injury during subcortical dissection along descending motor pathways (DMPs). We provide an affordable, safe, and timely algorithm for preoperative DTI motor reconstruction for gliomas adjacent to DMPs. METHODS: Preoperative DTI reconstructions were extracted from a prospectively acquired registry of glioma resections adjacent to DMPs. The surgeries were performed over a 7-year period. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic data were extracted from patients\u27 electronic medical records. RESULTS: Nineteen patients (12 male) underwent preoperative tractography between January 1, 2013, and May 31, 2020. The average age was 44.5 years (range, 19-81 years). A complete radiological resection was achieved in nine patients, a subtotal resection in five, a partial resection in three, and a biopsy in two. Histopathological diagnoses included 10 patients with high-grade glioma and nine with low-grade glioma. A total of 16 perirolandic locations (10 frontal and six frontoparietal) were recorded, as well as two in the insula and one in the basal ganglia. In 9 patients (47.3%), the lesion was in the dominant hemisphere. The median preoperative and postoperative Karnofsky Performance Scores were 78 and 80, respectively. Motor function was unchanged or improved over time in 15 cases (78.9%). CONCLUSION: This protocol of DTI reconstruction for glioma removal near the DMP shows good results in low-term neurological functional outcomes

    Membrane potential hyperpolarization: A critical factor in acrosomal exocytosis and fertilization in sperm within the female reproductive tract

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    Hyperpolarization of the membrane potential (Em), a phenomenon regulated by SLO3 channels, stands as a central feature in sperm capacitation-a crucial process conferring upon sperm the ability to fertilize the oocyte. In vitro studies demonstrated that Em hyperpolarization plays a pivotal role in facilitating the mechanisms necessary for the development of hyperactivated motility (HA) and acrosomal exocytosis (AE) occurrence. Nevertheless, the physiological significance of sperm Em within the female reproductive tract remains unexplored. As an approach to this question, we studied sperm migration and AE incidence within the oviduct in the absence of Em hyperpolarization using a novel mouse model established by crossbreeding of SLO3 knock-out (KO) mice with EGFP/DsRed2 mice. Sperm from this model displays impaired HA and AE in vitro. Interestingly, examination of the female reproductive tract shows that SLO3 KO sperm can reach the ampulla, mirroring the quantity of sperm observed in wild-type (WT) counterparts, supporting that the HA needed to reach the fertilization site is not affected. However, a noteworthy distinction emerges-unlike WT sperm, the majority of SLO3 KO sperm arrive at the ampulla with their acrosomes still intact. Of the few SLO3 KO sperm that do manage to reach the oocytes within this location, fertilization does not occur, as indicated by the absence of sperm pronuclei in the MII-oocytes recovered post-mating. In vitro, SLO3 KO sperm fail to penetrate the ZP and fuse with the oocytes. Collectively, these results underscore the vital role of Em hyperpolarization in AE and fertilization within their physiological context, while also revealing that Em is not a prerequisite for the development of the HA motility, essential for sperm migration through the female tract to the ampulla.Fil: Balestrini, Paula Ania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Sulzyk, Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Jabloñski, Martina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Schiavi Ehrenhaus, Liza Jamaica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Soledad Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martin. Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, Juan J.. Washington University in St. Louis; Estados UnidosFil: Gómez Elías, Matías Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Pomata, Pablo Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Luque, Guillermina Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Krapf, Dario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Cuasnicu, Patricia Sara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Santi, Celia M.. Washington University in St. Louis; Estados UnidosFil: Buffone, Mariano Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; Argentin

    Evaluation and follow-up of anti-retroviral treatment adherence of HIV positive patients assisted at a hospital in La Plata, Argentina

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    The HZGA San Roque Hospital (an Acute Hospital at La Plata, Argentina) assists 40 HIV patients. The present study was carried out due to the lack of adherence to the High Activity Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) because of the late withdrawal of medication. The present work was implemented on HIV patients who withdraw medication from the Pharmacy Department at the Hospital. Research period lasted 12 months. The aims of this work were to quantify the degree of adherence to the treatment, to assist patients by means of pharmaceutical care so that they reach a 90 % of adherence to the treatment, to analyse the relationship between the understanding of the treatment and its administration and the degree of adherence, and, finally, to analyse the relationship between viral load (VL) and adherence. The study showed that containment and information help to raise the level of patients' adherence to HAART in 29 %. The patients' responsibility and commitment to the treatment also increased, as well as CD4 values; VL, on the other hand, decreased with respect to the beginning of the study. The interrupt far TIMID (less than 0.10) shows an improvement of 15.8 % in the number of patients who interrupted their treatment is also reflected in the survey of adherence where we have an increase of 26.2 %.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

    The initial peopling of the Americas: a growing number of founding mitochondrial genomes from Beringia

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    Pan-American mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup C1 has been recently subdivided into three branches, two of which (C1b and C1c) are characterized by ages and geographical distributions that are indicative of an early arrival from Beringia with Paleo-Indians. In contrast, the estimated ages of C1d—the third subset of C1—looked too young to fit the above scenario. To define the origin of this enigmatic C1 branch, we completely sequenced 63 C1d mitochondrial genomes from a wide range of geographically diverse, mixed, and indigenous American populations. The revised phylogeny not only brings the age of C1d within the range of that of its two sister clades, but reveals that there were two C1d founder genomes for Paleo-Indians. Thus, the recognized maternal founding lineages of Native Americans are at least 15, indicating that the overall number of Beringian or Asian founder mitochondrial genomes will probably increase extensively when all Native American haplogroups reach the same level of phylogenetic and genomic resolution as obtained here for C1d.Fil: Perego, Ugo A.. Soreson Molecular Genealogy Foundation; Estados Unidos. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; ItaliaFil: Angerhofer, Norman. Soreson Molecular Genealogy Foundation; Estados UnidosFil: Pala, Maria. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; ItaliaFil: Olivieri, Anna. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; ItaliaFil: Lancioni, Hovirag. Universita Di Perugia; ItaliaFil: Kashani, Baharak Hooshiar. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; ItaliaFil: Carossa, Valeria. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; ItaliaFil: Ekins, Jayne E.. Soreson Molecular Genealogy Foundation; Estados UnidosFil: Gómez Carballa, Alberto. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Huber, Gabriela. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Zimmermann, Bettina. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Corach, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Babudri, Nora. Universita Di Perugia; ItaliaFil: Panara, Fausto. Universita Di Perugia; ItaliaFil: Myres, Natalie M.. Soreson Molecular Genealogy Foundation; Estados UnidosFil: Parson, Walther. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Semino, Ornella. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; ItaliaFil: Salas, Antonio. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela; EspañaFil: Woodward, Scott R.. Soreson Molecular Genealogy Foundation; Estados UnidosFil: Achilli, Alessandro. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; Italia. Universita Di Perugia; ItaliaFil: Torroni, Antonio. Università di Pavia. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia; Itali

    Cytokine Production but Lack of Proliferation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Chronic Chagas' Disease Cardiomyopathy Patients in Response to T. cruzi Ribosomal P Proteins

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    Background:Trypanosoma cruzi ribosomal P proteins, P2β and P0, induce high levels of antibodies in patients with chronic Chagas' disease Cardiomyopathy (CCC). It is well known that these antibodies alter the beating rate of cardiomyocytes and provoke apoptosis by their interaction with β1-adrenergic and M2-muscarinic cardiac receptors. Based on these findings, we decided to study the cellular immune response to these proteins in CCC patients compared to non-infected individuals.Methodology/Principal findings:We evaluated proliferation, presence of surface activation markers and cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with P2β, the C-terminal portion of P0 (CP0) proteins and T. cruzi lysate from CCC patients predominantly infected with TcVI lineage. PBMC from CCC patients cultured with P2β or CP0 proteins, failed to proliferate and express CD25 and HLA-DR on T cell populations. However, multiplex cytokine assays showed that these antigens triggered higher secretion of IL-10, TNF-α and GM-CSF by PBMC as well as both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells subsets of CCC subjects. Upon T. cruzi lysate stimulation, PBMC from CCC patients not only proliferated but also became activated within the context of Th1 response. Interestingly, T. cruzi lysate was also able to induce the secretion of GM-CSF by CD4+ or CD8+ T cells.Conclusions/Significance:Our results showed that although the lack of PBMC proliferation in CCC patients in response to ribosomal P proteins, the detection of IL-10, TNF-α and GM-CSF suggests that specific T cells could have both immunoregulatory and pro-inflammatory potential, which might modulate the immune response in Chagas' disease. Furthermore, it was possible to demonstrate for the first time that GM-CSF was produced by PBMC of CCC patients in response not only to recombinant ribosomal P proteins but also to parasite lysate, suggesting the value of this cytokine to evaluate T cells responses in T. cruzi infection.Fil: Longhi, Silvia Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Atienza, Augusto. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Perez Prados, Graciela. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; ArgentinaFil: Buying, Alcinette. Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies; Estados UnidosFil: Balouz, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Buscaglia, Carlos Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Santos, Radleigh. Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies; Estados UnidosFil: Tasso, Laura Mónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Bonato, Ricardo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Chiale, Pablo. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Ramos Mejía"; ArgentinaFil: Pinilla, Clemencia. Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies; Estados UnidosFil: Judkowski, Valeria A.. Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies; Estados UnidosFil: Gomez, Karina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin
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