Estudio de factibilidad económica e impacto social para la construcción de complejo deportivo en la comuna de Chimbarongo

226 p.En el presente proyecto se desarrolla el estudio de factibilidad económica e impacto social, para la construcción de un complejo deportivo en la comuna de Chimbarongo. Este tipo de iniciativa pertenece al Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Regional, el cual es administrado por el Gobierno Regional. Actualmente la comuna cuenta con una infraestructura deportiva antigua, ya que fue construida hace 48 años aproximadamente, por lo que su estado no se encuentra en condiciones óptimas. Esta situación permite identificar una problemática global, la cual es: baja calidad en la infraestructura actual, ésta se desarrolla en el primer capítulo, así como también se incorporan los objetivos y resultados tangibles que se esperan del proyecto. El segundo capítulo describe el marco teórico utilizado, es decir, aquellas herramientas que son capaces de ayudar en el desarrollo de proyecto. En él se incorporan materias ingenieriles como lo son el pronóstico de la demanda y el diagrama adimensional de bloques, además de conceptos de área deportiva especificados por el Ministerio de Desarrollo Social, en la metodología creada para este tipo de iniciativa. En el tercer capítulo se expone el diagnóstico de la situación actual, en dónde se evidencia la existencia de la problemática y se relaciona con estadísticas de sedentarismo. Aquí se determina el área de estudio, en dónde se selecciona a las personas mayores de 5 años, luego el área de influencia está delimitada por la población que pertenece a los niveles socioeconómicos c2, c3 y d. Por último, para determinar la población objetivo, se filtra a través del área urbana de la comuna, alcanzando un total de 15.042 personas. El cuarto capítulo presenta un análisis de la oferta, una estimación de la demanda y al realizar un balance entre ellas, se detecta un déficit en la comuna de diversas disciplinas, en las que destacan el básquetbol, fútbol, futsal, etc. Además se realiza una proyección de la demanda a 20 años, con la cual es posible establecer que el gimnasio necesita 270 butacas y el estadio 4.000. En el capítulo cinco se exponen las alternativas de solución, las cuales son 3. De acuerdo a un análisis de los costos, evaluación económica e indicadores, se establece que la mejor alternativa es la construcción del complejo deportivo de Chimbarongo, con un VAC de $3.004.209.174, y un CAE usuario equivalente de$1.498. Finalmente, en el sexto capítulo se realiza la distribución física del complejo deportivo, teniendo en consideración los requerimientos de la FIFA y las leyes que establecen la incorporación de espacios accesibles a la comunidad

Results From the Global Rheumatology Alliance Registry

Funding Information: We acknowledge financial support from the ACR and EULAR. The ACR and EULAR were not involved in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. ACR Open Rheumatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Rheumatology.Objective: Some patients with rheumatic diseases might be at higher risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We aimed to develop a prediction model for COVID-19 ARDS in this population and to create a simple risk score calculator for use in clinical settings. Methods: Data were derived from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance Registry from March 24, 2020, to May 12, 2021. Seven machine learning classifiers were trained on ARDS outcomes using 83 variables obtained at COVID-19 diagnosis. Predictive performance was assessed in a US test set and was validated in patients from four countries with independent registries using area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. A simple risk score calculator was developed using a regression model incorporating the most influential predictors from the best performing classifier. Results: The study included 8633 patients from 74 countries, of whom 523 (6%) had ARDS. Gradient boosting had the highest mean AUC (0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67-0.88) and was considered the top performing classifier. Ten predictors were identified as key risk factors and were included in a regression model. The regression model that predicted ARDS with 71% (95% CI: 61%-83%) sensitivity in the test set, and with sensitivities ranging from 61% to 80% in countries with independent registries, was used to develop the risk score calculator. Conclusion: We were able to predict ARDS with good sensitivity using information readily available at COVID-19 diagnosis. The proposed risk score calculator has the potential to guide risk stratification for treatments, such as monoclonal antibodies, that have potential to reduce COVID-19 disease progression.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin

Anales del III Congreso Internacional de Vivienda y Ciudad "Debate en torno a la nueva agenda urbana"

Acta de congresoEl III Congreso Internacional de Vivienda y Ciudad “Debates en torno a la NUEVa Agenda Urbana”, ha sido una apuesta de alto compromiso por acercar los debates centrales y urgentes que tensionan el pleno ejercicio del derecho a la ciudad. Para ello las instituciones organizadoras (INVIHAB –Instituto de Investigación de Vivienda y Hábitat y MGyDH-Maestría en Gestión y Desarrollo Habitacional-1), hemos convidado un espacio que se concretó con potencia en un debate transdisciplinario. Convocó a intelectuales de prestigio internacional, investigadores, académicos y gestores estatales, y en una metodología de innovación articuló las voces académicas con las de las organizaciones sociales y/o barriales en el Foro de las Organizaciones Sociales que tuvo su espacio propio para dar voz a quienes están trabajando en los desafíos para garantizar los derechos a la vivienda y los bienes urbanos en nuestras ciudades del Siglo XXI

Psychometric Properties of the Acoso Sexual en las Instituciones de Educación Superior Scale (ASIES) in an Ecuadorian Sample

Sexual harassment has become increasingly common in Ecuador’s higher education centers. However, due to the lack of instruments that evaluate sexual harassment, the magnitude of this phenomenon in Ecuador is unknown. This research aims to analyze the construct validity and internal consistency reliability of a sexual harassment measurement scale in higher education institutions (ASIES). The instrument analyzes 21 behaviors related to sexual harassment. The sample consisted of 4628 people. A descriptive analysis of the items, item-total correlation analysis, and both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis are performed to test the internal structure of the scale. It was found that the 4-factor model and a second-order factor presented a better fit (CFI = .99, TLI = .99, SRMR = .075, and RMSEA =.018). The results confirm the four dimensions proposed

Manual de estimulación de habilidades metafonológicas

Tesis (Fonoaudiólogo)Es importante que exista un instrumento que trabaje las habilidades metafonológicas en menores preescolares, ya que éstas son esenciales para el proceso de adquisición de la lectoescritura. Este proceso es necesario para un posterior desarrollo del aprendizaje, debido a que es considerado como una herramienta primordial que orienta y estructura el pensamiento, y así crea las bases apropiadas para que los menores aumenten su vocabulario y logren realizar conclusiones y opiniones, de modo que obtengan mayores estrategias de aprendizaje

Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Acoso Sexual en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (ASIES) en una muestra ecuatoriana

Sexual harassment has become increasingly common in Ecuador’s higher education centers. However, due to the lack of instruments that evaluate sexual harassment, the magnitude of this phenomenon in Ecuador is unknown. This research aims to analyze the construct validity and internal consistency reliability of a sexual harassment measurement scale in higher education institutions (ASIES). The instrument analyzes 21 behaviors related to sexual harassment. The sample consisted of 4628 people. A descriptive analysis of the items, item-total correlation analysis, and both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis are performed to test the internal structure of the scale. It was found that the 4-factor model and a second-order factor presented a better fit (CFI = .99, TLI = .99, SRMR = .075, and RMSEA =.018). The results confirm the four dimensions proposed.El acoso sexual constituye un fenómeno que se evidencia cada vez conmayor frecuencia en la educación superior. Sin embargo, debido a la faltade instrumentos que evalúen el acoso sexual, se desconoce la magnitud deeste fenómeno en el Ecuador. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizarla validez de constructo y la confiabilidad por consistencia interna de unaescala de medición de acoso sexual en instituciones de educación superior(ASIES). El instrumento analiza 21 comportamientos relacionados con elacoso sexual. Se aplicó en 4.628 personas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivode los ítems, un análisis de correlación ítem-total y un análisis factorial,tanto exploratorio como confirmatorio, para probar la estructura interna dela escala. Se encontró que el modelo de 4 factores y un factor de segundoorden fueron los que presentaron mejor ajuste (CFI = .99, TLI = .99, SRMR= .075 y RMSEA = .018). Los resultados confirman las cuatro dimensionesplanteadas para la medición del acoso sexual

Graphene-coated Ti-Nb-Ta-Mn foams: A promising approach towards a suitable biomaterial for bone replacement

The design of bone implants with proper biological and mechanical properties remains a challenge in medical implantology. The use of bioactive coatings has been shown to improve the biocompatibility of the implant surface. In this study, a new approach including porous scaffolds, β-Ti alloys and nanocoatings to design new bone implants is presented. Porous Ti-Nb-Ta-xMn alloys (x: 2, 4, and 6 wt%) substrates were obtained by powder metallurgy and the effect of the porosity and Mn content on mechanical properties was studied. CVD single-layer graphene was transferred onto the porous substrates that presented the best mechanical response (x: 4 wt%) for further evaluation of in vitro cell behavior (biocompatibility and cell adhesion). Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility tests confirmed that cell adhesion and proliferation were successfully achieved on graphene-coated porous substrates, confirming these systems are potential candidates for using in partial bone tissue replacement. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.Universidad de Sevilla VI PPIT-2019-I.

Preparation and Characterization of an Injectable and Photo-Responsive Chitosan Methacrylate/Graphene Oxide Hydrogel: Potential Applications in Bone Tissue Adhesion and Repair

As life expectancy continues to increase, the inevitable weakening and rupture of bone tissue have grown as concerns in the medical community, thus leading to the need for adhesive materials suitable for bone repair applications. However, current commercially available adhesives face certain drawbacks that prevent proper tissue repair, such as low biocompatibility, poor adhesion to wet surfaces, and the need for high polymerization temperatures. This work aims to develop an injectable and photo-responsive chitosan methacrylate/graphene oxide (ChiMA/GO) adhesive nanocomposite hydrogel of high biocompatibility that is easy to apply by simple extrusion and that offers the possibility for in situ polymer and physiological temperatures. The nanocomposite was thoroughly characterized spectroscopically, microscopically, rheologically, thermally, and through mechanical, textural, and biological assays to fully evaluate its correct synthesis and functionalization and its performance under physiological conditions that mimic those observed in vivo. In addition, a finite element analysis (FEA) simulation was used to evaluate its performance in femur fractures. Results suggest the material’s potential as a bioadhesive, as it can polymerize at room temperature, shows superior stability in physiological media, and is capable of withstanding loads from body weight and movement. Moreover, the material showed remarkable biocompatibility as evidenced by low hemolytic and intermediate platelet aggregation tendencies, and high cytocompatibility when in contact with osteoblasts. The comprehensive studies presented here strongly suggest that the developed hydrogels are promising alternatives to conventional bone adhesives that might be further tested in vivo in the near future

Unique features of HLA-mediated HIV evolution in a Mexican cohort: a comparative study

Background: Mounting evidence indicates that HLA-mediated HIV evolution follows highly stereotypic pathways that result in HLA-associated footprints in HIV at the population level. However, it is not known whether characteristic HLA frequency distributions in different populations have resulted in additional unique footprints. Methods: Thephylogenetic dependency network model was applied to assess HLA-mediated evolution in datasets of HIV pol sequences from free plasma viruses and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-integrated proviruses in an immunogenetically unique cohort of Mexican individuals. Our data were compared with data from the IHAC cohort, a large multi-center cohort of individuals from Canada, Australia and the USA. Results: Forty three different HLA-HIV codon associations representing 30 HLA-HIV codon pairs were observed in the Mexican cohort (q < 0.2). Strikingly, 23 (53%) of these associations differed from those observed in the well-powered IHAC cohort, strongly suggesting the existence of unique characteristics in HLA-mediated HIV evolution in the Mexican cohort. Furthermore, 17 of the 23 novel associations involved HLA alleles whose frequencies were not significantly different from those in IHAC, suggesting that their detection was not due to increased statistical power but to differences in patterns of epitope targeting. Interestingly, the consensus differed in four positions between the two cohorts and three of these positions could be explained by HLA-associated selection. Additionally, different HLA-HIV codon associations were seen when comparing HLA-mediated selection in plasma viruses and PBMC archived proviruses at the population level, with a significantly lower number of associations in the proviral dataset. Conclusion: Our data support universal HLA-mediated HIV evolution at the population level, resulting in detectable HLA-associated footprints in the circulating virus. However, it also strongly suggests that unique genetic backgrounds in different HIV-infected populations may influence HIV evolution in a particular direction as particular HLA-HIV codon associations are determined by specific HLA frequency distributions. Our analysis also suggests a dynamic HLA-associated evolution in HIV with fewer HLA-HIV codon associations observed in the proviral compartment, which is likely enriched in early archived HIV sequences, compared to the plasma virus compartment. These results highlight the importance of comparative HIV evolutionary studies in immunologically different populations worldwide