Implications of the diagenetic history on polymer flooding performance for the Ben Nevis Formation, Hebron Field, Jeanne D'Arc Basin, offshore Newfoundland, Canada

The Hebron Project is the fourth major offshore development in Newfoundland and Labrador with more than 700 MBO recoverable. This research focuses on the Ben Nevis Formation (Pool 1) polymer flooding experimental evaluation based on its diagenetic history, reservoir characterization, and the recovery mechanism interactions. The reservoir properties were studied before and after the application of polymer flooding at laboratory scale using optical petrographic and SEM-MLA analyses, showing an increase of calcite cement and fines to Pool 1 top, diminishing the reservoir properties and establishing them as potentially the most critical diagenetic features to influence the EOR performance. Three polymers were tested at Pool 1 reservoir conditions, and core flooding experiments showed an additional oil recovery increase (3-6 %) after water flooding with FLOOPAM-5115. Polymer flooding, as the secondary method, consistently showed a higher increase in oil recovery than standard water flooding stage; thus applying polymer flooding in an early stage of the field development would be beneficial

Counting Arithmetical Structures on Paths and Cycles

Let G be a finite, connected graph. An arithmetical structure on G is a pair of positive integer vectors d, r such that (diag (d) - A) r=0 , where A is the adjacency matrix of G. We investigate the combinatorics of arithmetical structures on path and cycle graphs, as well as the associated critical groups (the torsion part of the cokernels of the matrices (diag (d) - A)). For paths, we prove that arithmetical structures are enumerated by the Catalan numbers, and we obtain refined enumeration results related to ballot sequences. For cycles, we prove that arithmetical structures are enumerated by the binomial coefficients ((2n-1)/(n-1)) , and we obtain refined enumeration results related to multisets. In addition, we determine the critical groups for all arithmetical structures on paths and cycles

Counting Arithmetical Structures on Paths and Cycles

Let G be a finite, connected graph. An arithmetical structure on G is a pair of positive integer vectors d, r such that (diag (d) - A) r=0 , where A is the adjacency matrix of G. We investigate the combinatorics of arithmetical structures on path and cycle graphs, as well as the associated critical groups (the torsion part of the cokernels of the matrices (diag (d) - A)). For paths, we prove that arithmetical structures are enumerated by the Catalan numbers, and we obtain refined enumeration results related to ballot sequences. For cycles, we prove that arithmetical structures are enumerated by the binomial coefficients ((2n-1)/(n-1)) , and we obtain refined enumeration results related to multisets. In addition, we determine the critical groups for all arithmetical structures on paths and cycles

Effects of different amounts of crude glycerol supplementation on dry matter intake, milk yield, and milk quality of lactating dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu grass pasture

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different amounts of crude glycerol (CGL) on dry matter intake, milk yield, milk protein yield, and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows grazing on a Kikuyu-based pasture. Six Holstein cows were used in the first third of lactation (mean ± SD 559 ± 22.5 kg body weight, 43 ± 10 days in milk, and 26.8 ± 1.2 kg milk/day) and were randomized within a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square arrangement. Animals grazed the Kikuyu grass and were supplemented with a commercial energy-protein concentrate at 1.0 kg/4.0 kg of milk. The experimental period was 69 days. The following treatments were administered: CGL0 (control, without glycerol), CGL1 (750 g/cow/day), and CGL2 (1,500 g/cow/day). The addition of 750 and 1,500 g of CGL did not affect grass and concentrate intake (P > 0.05). However, milk yield (FCM 3.5%) increased by 14.2% in the CGL2 group compared to that obtained in the control group (CGL0) (P = 0.02). The addition of 1,500 g of CGL to the diet resulted in a 2.1% greater yield of milk protein compared to that obtained with CGL0 treatment (P = 0.01). Further, the addition of 1,500 g of CGL did not impact grass intake, milk fat concentration, or fatty acid composition (P < 0.05). Thus, the inclusion of CGL as a co-product may be a nutritional strategy to increase the productivity of dairy production systems in tropical perennials, such as Kikuyu grass

Counting arithmetical structures on paths and cycles

Let G be a finite, connected graph. An arithmetical structure on G is a pair of positive integer vectors d, r such that (diag(d)-A)r = 0, where A is the adjacency matrix of G. We investigate the combinatorics of arithmetical structures on path and cycle graphs, as well as the associated critical groups (the torsion part of the cokernels of the matrices (diag(d)-A)). For paths, we prove that arithmetical structures are enumerated by the Catalan numbers, and we obtain refined enumeration results related to ballot sequences. For cycles, we prove that arithmetical structures are enumerated by the binomial coefficients C(2n-1,n-1), and we obtain refined enumeration results related to multisets. In addition, we determine the critical groups for all arithmetical structures on paths and cycles

Origen, desarrollo, y descripción de los tipos de gallina "criolla" existentes en varios municipio del valle del cauca

Se plantean argumentos que respaldan la hipótesis de la existencia de la gallina doméstica en América del Sur antes de su descubrimiento. Con el establecimiento de colonias se introdujeron tipos europeos para el consumo de parte de la población. Se explica cómo se generó tecnología apropiada, produciéndose excedentes para exportar antes de 1950. Se comenta el fuerte cambio que sufre la gallina cultura en el Siglo XX con las primeras importaciones, creándose así una dependencia tecnológica. Se describen 11 tipos de gallina "criolla" que existen en el valle del Cauca, y se mencionan algunos ajustes fisiológicos y anatómicos que favorecen un mejor comportamiento de la gallina "criolla"; se discuten y proponen elementos para la creación de un banco de germoplasma con estas aves.There are arguments that favorate the hypotesis that the domestic hen lived in South America before its discovery. There was introduction of European types when the colonies settled. Through apropiate technology there was enough product for exports before 1950. Because of the first imports there was a strong change for the poultry production in the XX Century because of that a technological dependence was introduced. There are 11 diferent types of country hens in the Cauca Valley. Some phisiological and anatomical adjustements help a better development of the country hen in Colombia. This study proposes some elements to create a bank of germplasm with country hens

CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA GAMMA GLOBULINA EN SALIVA Y EN SUERO EN LA EVOLUCIÓN DEL HIV (SIDA).

A Porcentage of the concentration of Inmunoglobulinas in total saliva and whey in a sample of healthy people between l8 and 35 years and 90 sick people of HIV in the phase II, III, IV between l8 and 45 years old. In the group of the control group was obtained, these values could be related with the measure of the sickness and with the symptomatology previous to each case.Se determinaron porcentajes de las concentraciones de Inmunoglobulinas en saliva total y en suero, en una muestra de 30 individuos de 18 a 35 años sanos y 90 pacientes infectados por HIV en los estadios II, III y V de 18 a 45 años de edad. Obteniendo en el grupo de infectados valores superiores al Grupo Control. Estos valores tendrían relación con los estadios de la enfermedad y con la sintomatología prevalentes en cada caso

Importancia de la Gestión Tecnológica en los Gobiernos Municipales Mexicanos

Los municipios en México, acorde al artículo 115 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, tienen bajo su responsabilidad proporcionar servicios públicos que garanticen la calidad de vida adecuada para sus ciudadanos, además deben enfrentar situaciones como el crecimiento demográfico derivado de la migración de zonas rurales a las zonas urbanas, lo que se traduce en hacer esfuerzos mayores para incrementar su infraestructura, plantear y llevar a cabo la planificación urbana y hacer rendir sus recursos.  Una de las aristas para cumplir con lo anterior, está apoyada en la identificación e incorporación de la tecnología, así como su gestión, lo que conlleva a que los gobernantes, ciudadanía, empresas y demás actores involucrados en los municipios, se apropien de una visión enfocada a la gestión tecnológica en el municipio

Role of the employment status and education of mothers in the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in Mexican rural schoolchildren

<p><b>Background:</b> Intestinal parasitic infections are a public health problem in developing countries such as Mexico. As a result, two governmental programmes have been implemented: a) "National Deworming Campaign" and b) "Opportunities" aimed at maternal care. However, both programmes are developed separately and their impact is still unknown. We independently investigated whether a variety of socio-economic factors, including maternal education and employment levels, were associated with intestinal parasite infection in rural school children.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 rural communities in two Mexican states. The study sites and populations were selected on the basis of the following traits: a) presence of activities by the national administration of albendazole, b) high rates of intestinal parasitism, c) little access to medical examination, and d) a population having less than 2,500 inhabitants. A total of 507 schoolchildren (mean age 8.2 years) were recruited and 1,521 stool samples collected (3 per child). Socio-economic information was obtained by an oral questionnaire. Regression modelling was used to determine the association of socio-economic indicators and intestinal parasitism.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> More than half of the schoolchildren showed poliparasitism (52%) and protozoan infections (65%). The prevalence of helminth infections was higher in children from Oaxaca (53%) than in those from Sinaloa (33%) (p < 0.0001). Giardia duodenalis and Hymenolepis nana showed a high prevalence in both states. Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Entamoeba hystolitica/dispar showed low prevalence. Children from lower-income families and with unemployed and less educated mothers showed higher risk of intestinal parasitism (odds ratio (OR) 6.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–22.6; OR 4.5, 95% CI 2.5–8.2; OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.5–7.4 respectively). Defecation in open areas was also a high risk factor for infection (OR 2.4, 95% CI 2.0–3.0).</p> <p><b>Conclusion:</b> Intestinal parasitism remains an important public health problem in Sinaloa (north-western Mexico) and Oaxaca (south-eastern Mexico). Lower income, defecation in open areas, employment status and a lower education level of mothers were the significant factors related to these infections. We conclude that mothers should be involved in health initiatives to control intestinal parasitism in Mexico.</p&gt

Carbothermal reduction of mill scales formed on steel billets during continuous casting

AbstractA billet is a bar made from crude steel which surface contains scales which are rich in iron oxides. This study presents the carbothermal reduction of the scales formed in steel billets. The process included the reaction of the iron oxides contents with carbon (in ratio 5:1) and annealing in a tubular furnace under argon atmosphere. The occurred reactions are discussed using thermodynamic calculations and thermal analysis which indicate a three-stage reduction process Fe3O4 ➔ FeO ➔ Fe3C ➔α-Fe with intermediate reactions at the interval temperature 960 and 1300 °C. The X-ray diffraction confirms the reduction to α-Fe with minor presence of unreacted C, magnetite and wustite. Mössbauer spectroscopy analysis was performed at room temperature where a typical sextet corresponding to the dominant α-Fe is shown as well as wustite, magnetite and cementite to a lesser extent. The magnetization measurements confirm the ferromagnetic state corresponding to the α-Fe.</jats:p