21 research outputs found

    Evaluation of psychological support for victims of sexual violence in a conflict setting: results from Brazzaville, Congo

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    ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the impact of psychological support in war and transcultural contexts and in particular, whether there are lasting benefits. Here, we present an evaluation of the late effect of post-rape psychological support provided to women in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo. METHODS: Women who attended the MĂ©decins Sans FrontiĂšres program for sexual violence in Brazzaville during the conflict were selected to evaluate the psychological consequences of rape and the late effect of post-rape psychological support. A total of 178 patients met the eligibility criteria: 1) Women aged more than 15 years; 2) raped by unknown person(s) wearing military clothes; 3) admitted to the program between the 1/1/2002 and the 30/4/2003; and 4) living in Brazzaville. RESULTS: The initial diagnosis according to DSM criteria showed a predominance of anxious disorders (54.1%) and acute stress disorders (24.6%). One to two years after the initial psychological care, 64 women were evaluated using the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ), the Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF) and an assessment scale to address medico-psychological care in emergencies (EUMP). Two patients (3.1%) met the needed criteria for PTSD diagnosis from the TSQ. Among the 56 women evaluated using GAF both as pre and post-test, global functioning was significantly improved by initial post-rape support (50 women (89.3%) had extreme or medium impairment at first post-rape evaluation, and 16 (28.6%) after psychological care; p = 0.04). When interviewed one to two years later, the benefit was fully maintained (16 women (28.6%) presenting extreme or medium impairment). CONCLUSION: We found the benefits of post-rape psychological support to be present and lasting in this conflict situation. However, we were unable to evaluate all women for the long-term impact, underscoring the difficulty of leading evaluation studies in unstable contexts. Future research is needed to validate these findings in other settings

    Prognostic Accuracy of WHO Growth Standards to Predict Mortality in a Large-Scale Nutritional Program in Niger

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    Rebecca Grais and colleagues assess the accuracy of WHO growth standards in predicting death among malnourished children admitted to a large nutritional program in Niger

    Infections bactériennes et malnutrition infantile sévÚre dans les pays en voie de développement (revue de la littérature et implications sur le terrain)

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    Les perturbations du systĂšme immunitaire associĂ©es Ă  la malnutrition aiguĂ« majorent le risque infectieux. La revue de la littĂ©rature rĂ©alisĂ©e retrouve des germes variĂ©s. Les entĂ©robactĂ©ries sont trĂšs frĂ©quemment en cause dans les infections urinaires et digestives, mais aussi dans les bactĂ©riĂ©mies. Il semble que les Staphylococcus aureus ou epidermidis soient sous-diagnostiquĂ©s. Une antibiothĂ©rapie systĂ©matique Ă  l'admission dans les centres nutritionnels d'urgence est indispensable. Une association d'amoxicilline et d'acide clavulanique pourrait ĂȘtre une bonne alternative aux antibiothĂ©rapies actuellement utilisĂ©es. Le dĂ©veloppement rĂ©cent d'une prise en charge des enfants malnutris Ă  domicile pourrait permettre Ă©galement de diminuer les risques d'infections nosocomiales. La rĂ©alisation de nouvelles Ă©tudes visant Ă  identifier les germes en causes, dans les pays les plus concernĂ©s par la malnutrition infantile, semble important pour adapter au mieux le choix de l'antibiothĂ©rapie.ST QUENTIN EN YVELINES-BU (782972101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Questionnaire Guide d’Évaluation des difficultĂ©s psychologiques de jeunes enfants pris en charge par la Protection de l’Enfance

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    International audienceFor children protected by Welfare Systems, the evaluation of psychological disorders and mental health is now an international key issue. Placements in foster care have dramatically increased around the world. Better attention is needed to children’s mental health and to the quality of services provided in out-of-home care. The aim of this paper is to present the first results of a validation procedure concerning a new screening tool, the QGE (Questionnaire Guiding the Evaluation of psychological disorders in young children). The QGE was used for the assessment of psychological disorders in young children displaced in three residential home and foster care of the Parisian Area Child Agency. The QGE scores are compared to LCE (list of child behaving), the French validated version of the Achenbach Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). The QGE is a hetero-evaluation rating scale for children aged 4 to 6 years, filled by parents or child welfare workers. One of its specificity is to assess Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in case of traumatic events in the child life. The QGE appears to be useful to collect caretakers’ perceptions about the child and sounds promising to address children’s psychological needs. The first results highlight the metrological sensitivity of the tool.L’évaluation des difficultĂ©s psychologiques et de la santĂ© mentale des enfants pris en charge par les institutions de protection de l’enfance devient un objet de recherche important sur le plan international. Cette prĂ©occupation est indissociable de l’augmentation considĂ©rable du nombre des enfants pris en charge de par le monde par des institutions de protection, d’une plus grande attention Ă  leur santĂ© mentale et d’une Ă©valuation des qualitĂ©s des structures d’accueil Dans cette recherche nous proposons une premiĂšre Ă©tape de validation d’un nouvel outil, le Questionnaire Guide d’évaluation. Le QGE est ici utilisĂ© pour l’évaluation indicative des difficultĂ©s psychologiques des enfants placĂ©s en urgence dans trois structures d’accueil du dĂ©partement de Paris, les rĂ©sultats sont ensuite comparĂ©s Ă  ceux de la LCE, Liste des Comportements de l’Enfant, traduite de la CBCL d’Achenbach et largement validĂ©e en France et sur le plan international. Le QGE est une Ă©chelle gĂ©nĂ©raliste d’hĂ©tĂ©ro-Ă©valuation pour des enfants de 4 Ă  6 ans, qui intĂšgre l’état de stress traumatique quand un Ă©vĂ©nement particuliĂšrement traumatogĂšne est repĂ©rable dans la vie de l’enfant. Le QGE qui permet de systĂ©matiser les perceptions des parents ou des acteurs de premiĂšre ligne comme les Ă©ducateurs rĂ©fĂ©rents dans une institution est potentiellement trĂšs utile pour favoriser une meilleure et plus rapide Ă©valuation des difficultĂ©s psychologiques des jeunes enfants et de mieux rĂ©pondre Ă  leurs besoins. Les premiers rĂ©sultats prĂ©sentĂ©s mettent en Ă©vidence les qualitĂ©s de l’outil

    Sensitivity and Specificity for the Prediction of Death of the Cutoff for the WHZ using the WHO Growth Standards

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    <p>Sensitivity and Specificity for the Prediction of Death of the Cutoff for the WHZ using the WHO Growth Standards</p

    ROC Curves for the Prediction of Death for the WH Indicators (WH% and WHZ) for the WHO Growth Standards and the NCHS Standards

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    <p>ROC Curves for the Prediction of Death for the WH Indicators (WH% and WHZ) for the WHO Growth Standards and the NCHS Standards</p

    Sensitivity and Specificity for the Prediction of Death of the Cutoff for the WH% Using the WHO Growth Standards

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    <p>Sensitivity and Specificity for the Prediction of Death of the Cutoff for the WH% Using the WHO Growth Standards</p
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