79 research outputs found
Unlimited Paid Time Off Policies:Unlocking the Best and Unleashing the Beast
Unlimited paid time off policies are currently fashionable and widely discussed by HR professionals around the globe. While on the one hand, paid time off is considered a key benefit by employees and unlimited paid time off policies (UPTO) are seen as a major perk which may help in recruiting and retaining talented employees, on the other hand, early adopters reported that employees took less time off than previously, presumably leading to higher burnout rates. In this conceptual review, we discuss the theoretical and empirical evidence regarding the potential effects of UPTO on leave utilization, well-being and performance outcomes. We start out by defining UPTO and placing it in a historical and international perspective. Next, we discuss the key role of leave utilization in translating UPTO into concrete actions. The core of our article constitutes the description of the effects of UPTO and the two pathways through which these effects are assumed to unfold: autonomy need satisfaction and detrimental social processes. We moreover discuss the boundary conditions which facilitate or inhibit the successful utilization of UPTO on individual, team, and organizational level. In reviewing the literature from different fields and integrating existing theories, we arrive at a conceptual model and five propositions, which can guide future research on UPTO. We conclude with a discussion of the theoretical and societal implications of UPTO
Staying in touch while at work : Relationships between personal social media use at work and work-nonwork balance and creativity
Personal social media use at work is usually deemed counterproductive work behaviour reducing employee productivity. However, we hypothesized that it may actually help employees to coordinate work and nonwork demands, which should in turn increase work-related creativity. We used ecological momentary assessment across one working day with up to ten hourly measurements on 337 white-collar workers to measure personal social media use, work-nonwork balance and creativity, resulting in a total of 2244 hourly measurements. Multilevel modelling revealed that personal social media use was associated with better work-nonwork balance, but with lower levels of creativity between- and within-persons. Work-nonwork balance did not mediate the relationship between personal social media use and creativity. More research is needed to understand why employees use social media at work for personal purposes and how this affects their well-being and job performance
Recovery in occupational health psychology and human resource management research:An Interview with Prof. Sabine Sonnentag and Prof. Ute Stephan
While academic research on recovery was rather segregated between occupational health psychology and management research at the beginning of the 20s century and streams of research developed independently, recent developments hint at a closing divide and better integration of recovery research across disciplines. This for example becomes evident in publications of researchers across the traditional outlets within both fields, as well as increasing close collaborations of researchers firmly rooted in one of the fields. In preparation of this special issue, the editors were interested in whether this development represents a convergence or even a true merging of research in these different disciplines. We therefore interviewed Prof. Sabine Sonnentag as expert from occupational health psychology research and Prof. Ute Stephan with expertise in management research. Both are excellent and world-famous researchers in their disciplines. We discussed the current state, the advances during the last years, and the future directions of recovery research in their respective fields. We also talked about their perspectives on integrative topics and about specific issues in both domains that might stimulate a new recovery management research agenda
Little things matter: a daily diary study of the within-person relationship between workplace incivility and work-related rumination
Beyond one work day? A daily diary study on causal and reverse effects between experienced workplace incivility and behaving rude towards others
In this diary study with N = 348 employees, we examine whether the contagion effect of workplace incivility transfers beyond one work day that is whether the experience of workplace incivility is related to showing rude behaviours towards others the next day. Additionally, we examine whether ruminating in the evening of a work day and building an intention for revenge behaviour mediate this relationship, and explore whether a serial mediation process exists where experienced incivility triggers ruminative thoughts, which, in turn, increase the likelihood of intending to act, which transfers into actual rude behaviour the next day. Using a multilevel path analysis, our results confirmed a lagged relationship between workplace incivility one day and rude behaviours towards others the next day. Between-personsā workplace incivility was also related to showing rude behaviour towards others. Neither rumination nor revenge behaviour intent proved to be mediators of this relationship. Additionally, the serial mediation process was not confirmed; however, parts of the processānamely the relationship between experienced workplace incivility and ruminating about work in the eveningāreceived support. Importantly, the reverse relationship (i.e., showing rude behaviour one day leads to experiencing workplace incivility the next) was not supported in our analysis. By adding a new, daily time perspective, our study suggests that participants do not intentionally provoke episodes of incivility, but rather react to othersā incivility.Peer Reviewe
Putting the Episodic Process Model to the Test: Explaining Intraindividual Fluctuations in Job Performance Across the Working Day
Supplementary materials for Vahle-Hinz's "Putting the Episodic Process Model to the Test: Explaining Intraindividual Fluctuations in Job Performance Across the Working Day
Being an accountant, cook, entertainer and teacherāall at the same time: Changes in employees' work and workārelated wellābeing during the coronavirus (COVIDā19) pandemic
In March 2020, the world was hit by the coronavirus disease (COVIDā19) pandemic which led to allāembracing measures to contain its spread. Most employees were forced to work from home and take care of their children because schools and daycares were closed. We present data from a research project in a large multinational organisation in the Netherlands with monthly quantitative measurements from January to May 2020 (N = 253ā516), enriched with qualitative data from participants' comments before and after telework had started. Growth curve modelling showed major changes in employees' workārelated wellābeing reflected in decreasing work engagement and increasing job satisfaction. For workānonāwork balance, workload and autonomy, cubic trends over time were found, reflecting initial declines during crisis onset (March/April) and recovery in May. Participants' additional remarks exemplify that employees struggled with fulfilling different roles simultaneously, developing new routines and managing boundaries between life domains. Moderation analyses demonstrated that demographic variables shaped time trends. The diverging trends in wellābeing indicators raise intriguing questions and show that close monitoring and fineāgrained analyses are needed to arrive at a better understanding of the impact of the crisis across time and among different groups of employees
A combined recording and microiontophoresis technique for input-output analysis of single neurons in the mammalian CNS.
A method is described for producing electrolytically sharpened and lacquer-insulated steel microelectrodes and for their attachment to a multibarrel micropipet assembly by light-curing bonding compound. This electrode complex is specially designed for recordings from deep brain structures. It permits the analysis of the input signals to and the output signals from a single neuron recorded simultaneously from an extracellular electrode position, termed juxtacellular recording. Furthermore it provides the ability to manipulate pharmacologically the input-output ratio expressed by the neuron under varying sequences of natural stimulation
The extraction of specific stimulus information out of complex afferent signals in subcortical relay stations of the cats sinus hair system.
Electrophysiological and micropharmacological studies on mechanisms of input-output transformation in single neurones of the somatosensory thalamus
NRC publication: Ye
- ā¦