Effectonthe psychological status ofadherence tothorapy in patients withsymptomatic epilepsy

The factors influencing psychological status should include old age, severe diseasewithout adisability,higher education.the presence of severalchildren.divorcedpersons.the presence ofharmful habits,focal neurological symptoms,temporallocalization ofchanges onMRI,polytherapyand3-timeadministration of drugs,presence of sideeffectsforthe treatment of. Anxiety and depressive disorders in epileptic patient resulted in imparied compliance with anticonvulsant therapy.К факторам, оказывающим влияние на приверженность к терапии антиконвульсантами у пациентов с симптоматической эпилепсией, следует отнести ряд социально-экономических параметров: пожилой возраст, отсутствие группы инвалидности при тяжелом течении заболевания, наличие нескольких детей, высшее образование, вредные привычки; и клинических: большой стаж болезни, очаговую симптоматику в неврологическом статусе, височнодолевую локализацию процесса по МРТ, политерапию с использованием 3-х антиконвульсантов и высокую кратность принимаемых препаратов, побочные эффекты терапии, нерегулярное обеспечение антиконвульсантами. Пол, изменения на ЭЭГ у пациентов с симптоматической эпилепсией не влияли на приверженность к противосудорожной терапии. Решающее значение имели тревожно-депрессивные нарушения, которые у большинства пациентов приводили к нарушению комплаентности терапии эпилепсии

The role of education of the patient and his relatives in the formation of adherence to therapy anticonvulsants for epilepsy

One hundreds patient with epilepsy at the age 20 - 68 years (average duration of disease - not less 3 years) and family members completed questionnary. Nonadherence patients were less interested in matters relating to the disease, rarely appeared on repeated consultations. By the level of access to health care, property patients against the relatives of statistically significant differences were not found. Awareness of the disease was higher among committed to therapy, especially in the provision of first aid in case of attack, methods of treatment. It is necessary to conduct informational interviews and schools of epilepsy for patients and relatives to improve adherence to therapy anticonvulsants.Анкетирование проведено среди 100 пациентов с диагнозом симптоматической эпилепсии в возрасте 20-68 лет (стаж заболевания не менее 3 лет) и их родственников. Изучено 2 группы исследования: приверженных к терапии - 72 пациента и неприверженных к терапии антиконвульсантами - 28 больных. Неприверженные пациенты были менее заинтересованы в вопросах, касающихся заболевания, реже появлялись на повторные консультации в СОКБ, достоверно чаще пытались сочетать основную терапию с нетрадиционными методами лечения. По уровню доступности медицинской помощи, материальному положения пациентов, отношению со стороны родственников статистически значимых различий выявлено не было. Среди приверженных лиц информированность о заболевании оказалась достоверно выше, особенно зто касалось аспектов, связанных с их поведением во время генерализованного приступа, знаниями о способах терапии. Для повышения приверженности к терапии, необходимо проведение информационных бесед и школ по эпилепсии для больных и родственников

Analysis of reasons for low adherence to antiepileptic therapy in patients with symptomatic epilepsy

Objective: to study the major factors that influence treatment adherence.Patients and methods. One hundred patients aged 20 to 68 years (mean age 42.9±3.0 years for women and 43.3±5.0 years for men) diagnosed with a ≥3-year history of symptomatic epilepsy were screened. The minimal and maximal durations of the disease were 5 and 59 years, respectively (mean 20.8±3.9 years).Results and discussion. There was a female preponderance in the treatment adherence group. The patients who had secondary special education were unemployed, disabled, and single were in both comparison groups. These data are indicative of social stigmatization in epileptic patients. Patients with severe epilepsy on multiple drug therapy were prevalent. Neuropsychological testing revealed higher levels of anxiety and depression among those who were non-adherent to therapy.Conclusion. The sex, age, and social characteristics (education level, disability) of patients with epilepsy and its clinical picture, neurological symptoms and changes were ascertained by magnetic resonance imaging had no significant impact on therapy adherence.The factors influencing treatment adherence should include multiple drug therapy (co-administration of two or three drugs) and the high frequency of drug use, which is more frequently observed in patients with severe treatment-resistant epilepsy. Anxiety and depressive disorders in epileptic patients resulted in impaired compliance with anticonvulsant therapy

Composition and age of igneous rocks from the Vityaz Ridge

Results of geological research carried out by V.I. Il'ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute (Far East Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology (Russian Academy of Sciences) on the submarine Vityaz Ridge during Cruise 37 of R/V Akademik Lavrentyev in 2005 are discussed. Various rocks composing the basement and the sedimentary cover of the ridge were dredged in three areas. Based on isotope geochronology, petrogeochemical, petrographic, and paleontological data and comparison with similar rocks available from the adjacent land and the Sea of Okhotsk, they are subdivided into several age complexes. Late Cretaceous, Eocene, Late Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene-Pleistocene complexes are defined among igneous rocks, while volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks are united into Late Cretaceous - Early Paleocene (Late Campanian - Danian), undivided Paleogene (Paleocene-Eocene?), Oligocene - Early Miocene, and Pliocene-Pleistocene complexes. Obtained data on age and formation settings of the defined complexes allowed to reconstruct geological evolution of the central Pacific slope of the Kurile Island arc

Characteristics of pseudobreakups and substorms observed in the ionosphere, at the geosynchronous orbit, and in the midtail

We present a comprehensive study of a sequence of two substorms and multiple pseudobreakups using optical, magnetic and incoherent scatter radar measurements, energetic particles from two geosynchronous satellites and particle and field data from the Geotail spacecraft located at Xgsm ∼ −86 RE. Following conventional nomenclature, we classified as pseudobreakups those auroral breakups which did not exhibit significant poleward expansion (< 2° magnetic latitude). Auroral intensifications following substorm breakups were also observed, and were classified separately. Pseudobreakups were found not to differ from substorm breakups in longitudinal extent (from 1.3 to 6.1 hours of magnetic local time), or in duration (from 5 to 16 minutes). In general, the ionospheric currents producing ground magnetic disturbances were more intense during substorms than pseudobreakups. We found that pseudobreakups are associated with the same magnetospheric processes as substorm breakups which involve current wedge formation, midlatitude magnetic Pi2 pulsations and energetic particle injections at the geosynchronous altitude. Moreover, pseudobreakups are associated with magnetic reconnection in the near-Earth region, evidenced by the typical subsequent detection of a plasmoid at Geotail. This implies that the magnetotail volume influenced by a pseudobreakup is quite large in radial distance. We conclude that there is no definitive qualitative distinction between pseudobreakups and substorms but there is a continuum of states between the small pseudobreakups and large substorms