The Economics of Internet of Things: An Information Market System

The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the leading forces in modern-day technology. The concept has been proposed to be a new way of interconnecting a multiplicity of devices and rendering services to a variety of applications. According to the industry’s insiders, IoT will make it possible to link transport, energy, smart cities, and healthcare together. The purpose of this paper is to understand the economics of the Internet of Things. It is meant to shed light on how world IoT applications can affect the information market. When every sector and industry of the world has been connected via this technology, what will become of the ICT niche? The information economic approach is currently being adopted and presented with its possible applications in IoT. Firstly, this paper reviews the kinds of economic models that have been designed for IoT services. Secondly, it focuses on the two major subject matters of information economics that are critical to IoT. While one considers the value of the information itself, the other addresses information with good pricing. Lastly, the paper proposes a game-theoretic model to examine the price competition of IoT-based services. We take a look at how these two sectors will fare against each, both at full capacity

Predictive Methods for End of Life Prognosis in Composites

The long-term properties of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials are increasingly important as applications in airplanes, cars, and other safety critical structures are growing rapidly. The mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of composite materials are altered by the initiation and accumulation of discrete fracture events whose distribution and eventual interaction defines the limits of design, such as strength and life. There is a correlation that exists between the long term behavior of those materials under combined mechanical, thermal, and electrical fields, and the functional properties and characteristics of the composite materials that requires a fundamental understanding of the material state changes caused by deformation and damage accumulation. While a strong foundation of understanding has been established for damage initiation and accumulation during the life of composite materials and structures, an understanding of the nature and details that define fracture path development at the end of life has not been established. This present research reports a multiphysics study of that progression, which is focused on measured and predicted changes in through-thickness electric/dielectric response of polymer based composites. Experimental data are compared to simulations of micro-defect interactions and changes in electrical and mechanical properties. Applications of the concepts to prognosis of behavior are discussed

The Impacts of Machine Learning in Financial Crisis Prediction

The most complicated and expected issue to be handled in corporate firms, small-scale businesses, and investors’ even governments are financial crisis prediction. To this effect, it was of interest to us to investigate the current impact of the newly employed technique that is machine learning (ML) to handle this menace in all spheres of business both private and public. The study uses systematic literature assessment to study the impact of ML in financial crisis prediction. From the selected works of literature, we have been able to establish the important role play by this method in the prediction of bankruptcy and creditworthiness that was not handled appropriately by others method. Also, machine learning helps in data handling, data privacy, and confidentiality. This study presents a leading approach to achieving financial growth and plasticity in corporate organizations. We, therefore, recommend a real-time study to investigate the impact of ML in FCP. &nbsp

What Impact does Internet of Things have on Project Management in Project based Firms?

The highest benefit of IT spans through the enabling of personnel to attain their organizational goals. However, acquiring the IT skills that were not aware of in the past will boost and enhance the personnel for greater performance. IoT technology gives understanding from novel data generated and gives solutions. Therefore, allowing organizations to access new strategies via technological innovation will bring about efficiency and productivity with the project lifecycle. However, this project aimed at assessing the impact of IoT on PM in project-based organizations. A qualitative method of investigation was adopted through interviews and discussions with 9 selected respondents. The result shows the benefit and the usefulness of IoT in project-based organizations. This was assessed using the five project management model namely initiating, planning, executing, control and monitoring, and closing. It is established that the impact of IoT can be seen using any of the five stages. Hence, this study identifies the most critical elements of any project-based organization to include people, possessing on personnel and how their impact the invention of project-based organizations

Unsteady Viscous Cavity Flow Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

The problem of unsteady viscous incompressible flow in a two-dimensional cavity is treated using the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with various initial and boundary conditions. First the case of a square cavity with one inlet and one outlet is treated in steady and unsteady flows. The software package ANSYS FLUENT was used in the CFD simulations. This approach captures the appearance of separation bubbles and vortex formation inside the cavity. Steady state flows are also obtained from the unsteady simulations after convergence of the time dependent solutions. Then the case of a cavity with a synthetic jet and two outlets is treated, where a complex configuration of vortices and bubbles form in the cavity

Lipid-coated Magnesium Phosphate Nanoparticles for Intrapulmonary Protein Delivery in Mice

Proteins are a diverse category of biomolecules with great therapeutic potential. Intracellular delivery of proteins can augment the deficient activities of dysfunctional or poorly expressed innate proteins and therefore represents a promising strategy to treat the associated diseases. One major barrier to intracellular protein delivery is the translocation of the protein across the cellular membrane. Endocytosis provides an important pathway for protein nanocarriers to enter cells across the plasma membrane. However, the cargo protein must then promptly escape from the endosomes to avoid degradation in the lysosome and to exert its cellular function. Previously, we reported a cationic lipid-coated magnesium phosphate nanoparticle (LPP) system for intracellular protein delivery. The intracellular delivery of catalase, an antioxidant enzyme, by LPP protected MCF-7 cells from a lethal level of exogenous H2O2 and lowered the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in EA.hy926 cells. These findings prompted us to further develop LPP to evaluate its protein delivery in animals. Two categories of LPP formulations, catalase-encapsulated (CE) LPP and catalase-complexed (CC) LPP, were successfully prepared by a modular approach. Catalase-encapsulated liposomes (CE LP) were prepared by hydrating a thin-film of lipids with catalase solution followed by extrusion. However, extrusion of CE LP resulted in substantial loss of catalase activity. Catalase-complexed liposomes (CC LP) were prepared by first extruding cationic liposomes with a LIPEX extruder and then mixing with catalase solution. The resultant CC LP was much smaller than CE LP and preserved all the catalase activity. Magnesium phosphate nanoparticles (MgP NP) were prepared by the microemulsion precipitation technique. CE LP or CC LP were mixed with MgP NP to yield LPP formulations (CE LPP or CC LPP, respectively). The formulations were then rendered isotonic with glucose (5% w/v). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the proposed structure of LPP comprising a shell of lipid bilayers with a core of MgP NP. Furthermore, TEM showed drastic morphological changes of LPP formulations at acidic pH, consistent with an osmotic explosion. The LPP formulations were administered by intravenous or intranasal routes to CD-1 mice. LPP formulations of fluorescently labeled catalase distributed substantially into the lung following intranasal administration, whereas intravenous administration of the same formulations caused catalase distribution mainly into the liver. In addition, intranasal administration of both the LPP formulations yielded higher pulmonary catalase activity and lowered the ROS levels in the healthy lung compared to free catalase solution. Based on these results, LPP’s antioxidant effects were further evaluated in mice with lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Lack of LPP distribution into the lung following intranasal administration indicated that intranasal dosing did not deliver catalase substantially into inflamed lungs. In corroboration, the inflammatory biomarker tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) remained unchanged after intranasal dosing of LPP formulations. Intratracheal dosing of LPP formulations delivered the fluorescently labeled catalase deep into the lung and significantly reduced TNF-α production in the inflamed lungs compared to free catalase solution. CC LPP, which was smaller and which better preserved catalase activity than CE LPP, showed greater intrapulmonary catalase activity compared to CE LPP in both healthy and inflamed lungs. Taken together, LPP represents a promising nanocarrier for intracellular protein delivery

Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and his Struggle with India by Loseph Lelyveld (2010)

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Virtual and Augmented Reality Simulation of Chattanooga Creek

Virtual reality involves reproducing all the details of a physical object or environment that has to be simulated in virtual space. Augmented reality is the mixing of computer-generated information with the user’s view of the real world. Augmented reality is an alternative for virtual reality. This thesis presents the interactive virtual reality simulation and augmented reality simulation of Chattanooga Creek in Chattanooga, TN. The augmented reality part involves implementation of the basic concept of augmenting the virtual graphics to the real world

Primary Care Nurse Attitudes, Beliefs and Confidence Levels Regarding Alcohol Abuse and Its Treatment: Impact of Educational Intervention.

Alcohol abuse has been a major burden on the society. In the fight against it a key issue the education of the primary care nurses has been ignored. This study evaluates the effect of education program on the attitudes, beliefs, and confidence levels of primary care nurses regarding alcohol abuse and its treatment. Data from the Project Mainstream educational intervention were used with permission from the investigators. Two hundred one students and faculty of nursing at Vanderbilt University participated in the intervention, which was designed to train primary care providers in the Brief Negotiated Intervention technique for early detection and treatment of alcohol problems. Participants completed questionnaires before and after the educational intervention. Analysis of the data using paired samples t-test and one way analysis of variance showed statistically significant positive change in the nurses\u27 attitudes, beliefs, and confidence levels regarding alcohol abuse and its treatment after the educational intervention. This study has shown the importance of educational intervention in dealing with alcohol abuse