“A raíz de la feliz muerte de nuestro padre...” Sobre El desencanto (Jaime Chávarri, 1976)

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An Approach to Publish Spatial Data on the Web: The GeoLinked Data Case

In this paper we report on an ongoing process aimed at publishing hydrographical data on the Web with a Spanish GeoLinked Data Use Case. Moreover, we discuss the process we followed, and propose methodological guidelines for all the activities involved within the process

Química i Sostenibilitat

Quan es va decidir proclamar 2011 com l'Any Internacional de la Química, el aleshores Director General d'UNESCO va assenyalar que "Sensibilitzar al públic de la importància de les ciències químiques és una tasca de gran rellevància, pels reptes que ha d'afrontar el desenvolupament sostenible. És indubtable que la Química jugarà un paper molt important en el desenvolupament de fonts alternatives d'energia i l'alimentació de la creixent població mundial". Segons el president en aquests moments de l'IUPAC, amb aquesta celebració esperaven augmentar l'apreciació pública i la comprensió de la Química, augmentar l' interès dels joves per la ciència i generar entusiasme per un futur de creativitat relacionada amb la Química

Polishing of Porcelain Tiles in Industrial- and Laboratory-scale

This work reports the design and use of a laboratory-scale tribometer and a new developed tool-holder to reproduce the industrial polishing process for ceramic tiles in laboratory-scale. The mechanical conditions in a typical industrial polishing process were used to execute the tests in industrial-scale on a single polishing head test- rig. The results of spatial glossiness and roughness distribution from the industrial-scale test were taken as reference. After adaption of parameters the tests were repeated on a tribometer in laboratory-scale. The custom-made CNC- tribometer allows all parameters and kinematics used in the industry to be controlled and provides additionally a very high position accuracy of the tool. The new developed tool-holder provides similar contact conditions as known from the industrial process. The results of the evolution of glossiness and roughness from laboratory-scale test are compared with the data obtained from the test in industrial-scale and show that the tribometer and the new tool- holder accurately reproduce the polishing process from industrial-scale in laboratory

Propiedades de paneles geopoliméricos basados en ceniza volante y metacaolín bajo ensayos de resistencia al fuego

This paper presents the results of a study about the effect of fire on geopolymer paste composed of fly ashes, metakaolin and sodium silicate. 2 cm thick, 28 cm high and 18 cm wide panels were filled with the paste obtained. After 28 days of curing at 20 °C and 45% of relative humidity, different tests were carried out in the geopolymers: physico-chemical (density, water absorption, porosity), mechanical (flexural and compressive strength), fire resistance and environmental (leaching and radioactivity). The panels manufactured have been compared with other commercial panels in order to determine the recycling possibilities of fly ashes in manufacturing new fire-insulating geopolymers. The panels obtained can be utilized for the production of interior wall materials, with a good physical, mechanical, fire resistant properties without any environmental problem.Este documento presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre el efecto del fuego sobre pastas de geopolímeros compuestas de cenizas volantes, metacaolín y silicato sódico. Con la pasta obtenida se han rellenado paneles de dimensiones 2 cm de espesor, 28 cm de altura y 18 cm de ancho. Tras 28 días de curado a 20 °C y un 45% de humedad relativa, diferentes ensayos fueron realizados en los geopolímeros obtenidos: fisicoquímicos (densidad, absorción de agua, porosidad), mecánicos (resistencia a compresión y a flexión), de resistencia al fuego y medioambientales (lixiviación y radioactividad). Los paneles fabricados han sido comparados con paneles comerciales para determinar las posibilidades de reciclaje de las cenizas volantes para la fabricación de nuevos productos geopoliméricos con propiedades aislantes al fuego. Los paneles obtenidos pueden ser utilizados para la producción de paredes interiores, con buenas propiedades físicas, mecánicas y de resistencia al fuego sin ningún problema medioambiental

The ROCK inhibitor Fasudil prevents chronic restraint stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and dendritic spine loss in rat hippocampus

Indexación: Web of Science; Scopus.Background: Dendritic arbor simplification and dendritic spine loss in the hippocampus, a limbic structure implicated in mood disorders, are assumed to contribute to symptoms of depression. These morphological changes imply modifications in dendritic cytoskeleton. Rho GTPases are regulators of actin dynamics through their effector Rho kinase. We have reported that chronic stress promotes depressive-like behaviors in rats along with dendritic spine loss in apical dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons, changes associated with Rho kinase activation. The present study proposes that the Rho kinase inhibitor Fasudil may prevent the stress-induced behavior and dendritic spine loss. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with saline or Fasudil (i.p., 10 mg/kg) starting 4 days prior to and maintained during the restraint stress procedure (2.5 h/d for 14 days). Nonstressed control animals were injected with saline or Fasudil for 18 days. At 24 hours after treatment, forced swimming test, Golgi-staining, and immuno-western blot were performed. Results: Fasudil prevented stress-induced immobility observed in the forced swimming test. On the other hand, Fasudiltreated control animals showed behavioral patterns similar to those of saline-treated controls. Furthermore, we observed that stress induced an increase in the phosphorylation of MYPT1 in the hippocampus, an exclusive target of Rho kinase. This change was accompanied by dendritic spine loss of apical dendrites of pyramidal hippocampal neurons. Interestingly, increased pMYPT1 levels and spine loss were both prevented by Fasudil administration. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Fasudil may prevent the development of abnormal behavior and spine loss induced by chronic stress by blocking Rho kinase activity.https://academic.oup.com/ijnp/article/20/4/336/263217

Tailoring activated carbons for the development of specific adsorbents of gasoline vapors

The specific adsorption of oxygenated and aliphatic gasoline components onto activated carbons (ACs) was studied under static and dynamic conditions. Ethanol and n-octane were selected as target molecules. A highly porous activated carbon (CA) was prepared by means of two processes: carbonization and chemical activation of olive stone residues. Different types of oxygenated groups, identified and quantified by TPD and XPS, were generated on the CA surface using an oxidation treatment with ammonium peroxydisulfate and then selectively removed by thermal treatments, as confirmed by TPD results. Chemical and porous transformations were carefully analyzed throughout these processes and related to their VOC removal performance. The analysis of the adsorption process under static conditions and the thermal desorption of VOCs enabled us to determine the total adsorption capacity and regeneration possibilities. Breakthrough curves obtained for the adsorption process carried out under dynamic conditions provided information about the mass transfer zone in each adsorption bed. While n-octane adsorption is mainly determined by the porosity of activated carbons, ethanol adsorption is related to their surface chemistry, and in particular is enhanced by the presence of carboxylic acid groups.This work is supported by the MICINN-FEDER, project CTM2010-18889

Reciclado de residuos cerámicos en materiales absorbentes acústicos

The scope of this investigation is to develop a material mainly composed (80% w/w) of ceramic wastes that can be applied in the manufacture of road traffic noise reducing devices. The characterization of the product has been carried out attending to its acoustic, physical and mechanical properties, by measuring the sound absorption coefficient at normal incidence, the open void ratio, density and compressive strength. Since the sound absorbing behavior of a porous material is related to the size of the pores and the thickness of the specimen tested, the influence of the particle grain size of the ceramic waste and the thickness of the samples tested on the properties of the final product has been analyzed. The results obtained have been compared to a porous concrete made of crushed granite aggregate as a reference commercial material traditionally used in similar applications. Compositions with coarse particles showed greater sound absorption properties than compositions made with finer particles, besides presenting better sound absorption behavior than the reference porous concrete. Therefore, a ceramic waste-based porous concrete can be potentially recycled in the highway noise barriers field.El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar un material absorbente acústico compuesto fundamentalmente por residuos cerámicos (80% p) que se pueda utilizar en la fabricación de dispositivos reductores de ruido de carretera. La caracterización del producto se ha llevado a cabo atendiendo a sus propiedades acústicas, físicas y mecánicas, determinando el coeficiente de absorción acústica a incidencia normal, porosidad abierta, densidad y resistencia a compresión. La absorción acústica de un material poroso está fuertemente determinada por el tamaño de poro y por la longitud dela probeta sometida a ensayo. De este modo, se ha analizado la influencia del tamaño de partícula del residuo cerámico y del espesor de las muestras estudiadas en las propiedades del producto final. Los resultados obtenidos se han comparado con los obtenidos para un hormigón poroso elaborado con árido grueso, que se ha tomado como producto de referencia tradicionalmente empleado en este tipo de aplicaciones. Las composiciones elaboradas con el residuo de mayor tamaño de partícula han mostrado mayor absorción acústica, incluso mayor que las del hormigón poroso comercial. Por tanto, un hormigón poroso elaborado con residuos cerámicos puede ser potencialmente empleado como material en la fabricación de barreras acústicas de carretera

FAME. Aplicación web de apoyo al seguimiento, localización e integración de la información sobre flora amenazada y de interés generada en Andalucía

FAME es un sistema de información geográfica, integrado en la Red de Información Ambiental de Andalucía (REDIAM), de apoyo a la localización y seguimiento de la Flora Amenazada y de Interés de Andalucía, el cual centraliza la información que generan los distintos proyectos de la temática en el repositorio único de la Consejería de Medio Ambiente (CMA). Utilizando nuevas tecnologías se ha creado una herramienta Web que gestiona el recorrido completo de la información de Flora Amenazada, desde el levantamiento de la información, con el apoyo de una aplicación PDA, y la incorporación y edición de datos temáticos y gráficos, por medio de un visor cartográfico, hasta el proceso de validación temático para evitar errores en la incorporación de la información. En este proyecto se utiliza una arquitectura basada en la tecnología del software libre, destacando el visor geográfico desarrollado sobre OpenLayers, la aplicación para PDA desarrollada sobre el núcleo de Enebro y el uso de estándares OGC, tanto para la utilización de cartografía base mediante WMS, como para el acceso y la edición vía web a través de WFS-T. Este proyecto es una apuesta de la CMA por el uso del software libre como elemento principal en desarrollos complejosFAME is a geographic information system, integrated in the Andalusian Environmental Information Net (REDIAM), to support the location and tracking of Threatened and Interesting Flora of Andalusia, which centralizes the information generated in the different projects related with the thematic in the Unique Data Reservoir of Andalusian Environmental Council (CMA). A Web tool has been created using new technology which manages the complete Threatened Flora information layout, from the information gathering,, with the support of a PDA application, the incorporation and thematic data and graphic edition, using a cartographic viewer, to the thematic validation process to avoid mistakes in the information incorporation. This project uses an architecture based on free software technology, in Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica: la Información Geográfica al Servicio de los Ciudadanos. Secretariado de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Sevilla. Sevilla 2010 223 which we can highlight a geographic viewer developed on OpenLayers, a PDA application developed on the Enebro core and the use of OGC standards, both for the use of base cartography through WMS, and for including access and edition via web through WFS-T. This project is a clear example of the new lines followed by the CMA on a commitment to use free software as key component for complex developments. Key words: Threatened flora, Web implementation, OGC, Free softwar