‘Fake News’ about the Indonesian Past

After the fall of the authoritarian Soeharto Regime in 1998, new versions and theories about history emerged in Indonesia. Some of these, such as theories about the origins of the nationalist movement to overthrow Dutch colonial rule, were based on sources going back to the 1950s. The case of the origins of the nationalist movement demonstrates how alternative versions of ‘truth’ can be mobilised for political ends. It also demonstrates how Islamic movements have re-centred themselves in Indonesia political and social life

The pearl rush in Aru, 1916; A case study in writing commodity history in Southeast Asia

While the long history of “commerce” in Southeast Asia is well studied, less examination has been made of the histories of capitalism, particularly in terms of the encounters that took place around commodities. This article provides a translation and analysis of a description of Dobo on Aru in 1911. At the time it was a “Klondike”, on what Julia Martínez and I have termed “the pearl frontier”. The Aru islands were the site for an Australian-led pearl shell consortium that ran from the beginning of the twentieth century until the 1940s, which brought in a large number of Japanese divers and other Asian and Pacific workers. Examining relations around the pearling industry provides a number of general methodological points of entry into the ways that commodity relations created encounters with modernity.</p

Creating heritage in Ubud, Bali

In Bali, heritage is more-or-less synonymous with tradition. The popular view of what constitutes Bali’s heritage tends to focus on the village and wider district of Ubud. Through examing at the strategies employed by the lords of Ubud during the middle part of the twentieth century, we can better understand how the image of heritage sites is created. In the case of Ubud, the construction of centre of tradition was carried out through alliances with local artists and with expatriates, notably Rudolf Bonnet. The latter were able to mobilise publicity and networks to attract resources and elevate the district’s reputation.</p

The evaluation of woodland status by means of botanical indicator species.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the use of botanical species as indicators of antiquity and environmental continuity and also to provide greater understanding of the processes responsible for the formation of woodland plant communities. In order to address this, the research was undertaken along four main themes: 1) Plant colonisation rates. 2) Plant species lists for woodland sites. 3) The impact of surveyor effort and strategy in devising species lists for sites. 4) The response of a typical woodland plant to management. 5) Plant communities in an area of Scottish pine forestIn particular, this study has focussed on the determination of indicator species. Some of the problems of surveying woodlands have also been raised. These problems include a lack of thorough surveys in secondary woodland habitats, and also the difficulty of comparing woodlands when they have been surveyed for different lengths of time, at different times of the year and different recording methods employed. The rate at which species are recorded during surveys has been studied in detail using three non-linear equations, which can be used to predict the number of species missed for a given survey. The results of investigating differences between species lists of different types of woodlands have shown that geology and age are the two most important factors affecting species composition of woodland within the study area (mainly South Yorkshire). The best method for determining indicator species appeared to be a simple comparison procedure between ancient and secondary woodland, with species split into two groups depending upon their percentage occurrence in ancient woodland (>90% and 75-90%) after compensating for unequal numbers of woodlands in the two categories. In addition recommendations have been made as to the number of indicator species required to be confident that a site is ancient. The findings of this study and the conclusions reached will help refine the surveyand evaluation procedure for conserving and maintaining the woodland resource

Central obesity as a precursor to the metabolic syndrome in the AusDiab study and Mauritius

Evidence from epidemiologic studies that central obesity precedes future metabolic change and does not occur concurrently with the appearance of the blood pressure, glucose, and lipid abnormalities that characterize the metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been lacking. Longitudinal surveys were conducted in Mauritius in 1987, 1992, and 1998, and in Australia in 2000 and 2005 (AusDiab). This analysis included men and women (aged 25 years) in three cohorts: AusDiab 2000&ndash;2005 (n = 5,039), Mauritius 1987&ndash;1992 (n = 2,849), and Mauritius 1987&ndash;1998 (n = 1,999). MetS components included waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting and 2-h postload plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S) (representing insulin sensitivity). Linear regression was used to determine which baseline components predicted deterioration in other MetS components over 5 years in AusDiab and 5 and 11 years in Mauritius, adjusted for age, sex, and ethnic group. Baseline waist circumference predicted deterioration (P &lt; 0.01) in four of the other six MetS variables tested in AusDiab, five of six in Mauritius 1987&ndash;1992, and four of six in Mauritius 1987&ndash;1998. In contrast, an increase in waist circumference between baseline and follow-up was only predicted by insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S) at baseline, and only in one of the three cohorts. These results suggest that central obesity plays a central role in the development of the MetS and appears to precede the appearance of the other MetS components.<br /

Electrical and Photo-Electrical Characteristics of a GaInNAs basedp-i-n Diode with 10- undoped Quantum Wells

An electrical and photo-electrical characteristics of a dilute nitride GaInNAs p-i-n diode with 10-undoped quantum wells (10-QWs) were investigated at room temperature. The QWs consists of 10-nm thick and separated by 10 nm GaAs barriers. The dilute nitride-based p-i-n diode exhibits a good rectifying behavior and discloses that the fabricated devices has a Schottky property. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics showed the forward-biased region of I-V curves exhibited an exponential dependence of current on applied bias, whereas the reversed-biased region shows the saturation current with negative reverse current value (leakage currents) under dark condition. As the device was exposed to photo-illumination, the electrical characteristic exhibited an increase of dark-current by four orders of magnitude to that of device under dark condition. Upon photo-illumination, there was also a shift in the threshold voltage from 0.58 V to 0.73 V. Ideality factor, n and barrier height, B are main electrical parameters were extracted using conventional forward bias I-V characteristics. The values of barrier height, which were obtained were in good agreement with other reported values. The value of n was found to be 1.95 and 28.56. Ideality factor approaches 2 indicated that fully trap-assisted recombination in quantum wells. While, high ideality factor at photo-illumination indicated that the charge transport mechanism is controlled by tunnelling emission

Early twentieth-century Vogue, George Wolfe Plank and the "Freaks of Mayfair"

Vogue was one of the most influential fashion magazines of the twentieth century. In the 1920s its British edition, launched in 1916, became a focus for various forms of queer visual and cultural expression. The origins of the related ‘amusing style’, which delighted in camp display, can be traced to the romantic and artistic collaboration between the American artist George Wolfe Plank and the British writer E. F. Benson during World War One. The illustrations that Plank produced for Benson’s book of satirical sketches of life in London’s high society, The Freaks of Mayfair (1916), shed light on the camp images that Plank designed for the covers of both the American and British editions of the magazine. Therefore, Plank can be understood to have played a key role in the development of queer visual culture during the early twentieth century

Band anti-crossing modelling on tailored Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y band gap energy based nitrogen fraction

This paper deals with a Band Anti-Crossing (BAC) modelling to investigate the tailoring of band gap energy of Ga1-xInxNyAs1-y alloy based on nitrogen fractions. Three different numerical methods have been adopted to estimate the extended state of conduction band