Short-lived solar burst spectral component at f approximately 100 GHz

A new kind of burst emission component was discovered, exhibiting fast and distinct pulses (approx. 60 ms durations), with spectral peak emission at f approx. 100 GHz, and onset time coincident to hard X-rays to within approx. 128 ms. These features pose serious constraints for the interpretation using current models. One suggestion assumes the f approx. 100 GHz pulses emission by synchrotron mechanism of electrons accelerated to ultrarelativistic energies. The hard X-rays originate from inverse Compton scattering of the electrons on the synchrotron photons. Several crucial observational tests are needed for the understanding of the phenomenon, requiring high sensitivity and high time resolution (approx. 1 ms) simultaneous to high spatial resolution (0.1 arcsec) at f approx. 110 GHz and hard X-rays

The possible importance of synchrotron/inverse Compton losses to explain fast MM-wave and hard X-ray emission of a solar event

The solar burst of 21 May 1984 presented a number of unique features. The time profile consisted of seven major structures (seconds), with a turnover frequency or approx. 90 GHz, well correlated in time to hard X-ray emission. Each structure consisted of multiple fast pulses (.1 seconds), which were analyzed in detail. A proportionality between the repetition rate of the pulses and the burst fluxes at 90 GHz and or approx. 100 keV hard X-rays, and an inverse proportionality between repetition rates and hard X-rays power law indices have been found. A synchrotron/inverse Compton model has been applied to explain the emission of the fast burst structures, which appear to be possible for the first three or four structures

A new class of solar burst with MM-wave emission but only at the highest frequency (90 GHz)

High sensitivity and high time resolution solar observations at 90 GHz (lambda = 3.3 mm) have identified a unique impulsive burst on May 21, 1984 with emission that was more intense at this frequency than at lower frequencies. The first major time structure of the burst was over 10 times more intense at 90 GHz than at 30 GHz, 7 GHz, or 2.8 GHz.Only 6 seconds later, the 30 GHz impulsive structures started to be observed but still with lower intensity than at 90 GHz. Hard X-ray time structures at energies above 25 keV were almost identical to the 90 GHZ structures (to better than one second). All 90 GHz major time structures consisted of trains of multiple subsecond pulses with rise times as short as 0.03 sec and amplitudes large compared to the mean flux. When detectable, the 30 GHz subsecond pulses had smaller relative amplitude and were in phase with the corresponding 90 GHz pulses

Modelling innovation support systems for regional development - analysis of cluster structures in innovation in Portugal

The present article offers a concise theoretical conceptualization and operational analysis of the contribution of innovation to regional development. The latter concepts are closely related to geographical proximity, knowledge diffusion and filters and clustering. Institutional innovation profiles and regional patterns of innovation are two mutually linked, novel conceptual elements in this article. Next to a theoretical framing, the article employs the regional innovation systems concept as a vehicle to analyse institutional innovation profiles. Our case study addresses three Portuguese regions and their institutions, included in a web-based inventory of innovation agencies which offered the foundation for an extensive database. This data-set was analysed by means of a recently developed principal coordinates analysis followed by a Logistic Biplot approach (leading to a Voronoi mapping) to design a systemic typology of innovation structures where each institution is individually represented. There appears to be a significant difference in the regional innovation patterns resulting from the diverse institutional innovation profiles concerned. These profiles appear to be region specific. Our conclusion highlights the main advantages in the use of the method used for policy-makers and business companies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The genus Xenaclopus Arrow (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): redescription and removal from the Aclopinae, with systematic notes

The monotypic genus Xenaclopus Arrow is redescribed and illustrated, based in its lectotype and paralectotypes. Characters examined indicate that this genus should be removed from the Aclopinae and placed into the subfamily Melolonthinae as insertae sedis at the tribal level.Fil: Ocampo, Federico Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Vaz-de-mello, Fernando Z.. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul; Brasi

Pelidnota filippiniae Soula, 2009 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae): um novo desfolhador de acácia-australiana, Racosperma mangium (Willd.) Pedley (Fabaceae), na Amazônia Oriental, Brasil.

Plantios de acácia-australiana, Racosperma mangium (Willd.) Pedley (Fabaceae), são opção para reflorestamentos comerciais na Amazônia. O trabalho objetiva, pela primeira vez, reportar e descrever injúrias causadas por Pelidnota filippiniae Soula, 2009 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) em plantio experimental em Dom Eliseu, Pará. Observações mensais foram feitas de 2006 a 2009. A maior incidência ocorreu no início do período chuvoso, em outubro e novembro, nos primeiros anos do plantio, quando diferentes intensidades de desfolha foram observadas. Embora danos significativos não tenham sido constatados, P. filippiniae tem potencial para causar prejuízos à cultura. Recomendam-se monitoramentos mensais nesse período e a catação manual do inseto para evitar maiores danos

Organização de comunidades de besouros rola-bosta (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) em áreas de re-estabelecimento de vegetação em Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil

The present work refers to the study of colonization of four vegetation physiognomies considered as succession stages by Scarabaeidae beetles in Feira de Santana, Brazil. The four environments present structures of 1) herbs, 2) herbs and bushes, 3) bushes, and 4) bushes and trees. The last one has similar vegetation elements to the original vegetation of the area (Caatinga, in transition with deciduous forest). Beetles’ richness was not statistically different in the three structurally simpler habitats, the composition, as well as the abundance structure of the communities of the four sites were very similar. Guild structure changed in number and proportion of specimens, with an increase in the number of tunnelers as the vegetation grew in complexity. The positive/negatives effects on the composition and beetles’s community structure were related to the interference with the dissemination of odor plumes or maintenance of sources of resources (vertebrates). The organization of the functional structure in the beetles’ community should be related to the time needed for the establishment of complex ecological connections.O presente trabalho refere-se ao estudo de colonização de quatro fisionomias de vegetação consideradas como estágios sucessionais, em Feira de Santana, Brasil, por besouros Scarabaeidae. Os quatro ambientes possuem estruturas: 1) herbácea, 2) herbácea/arbustiva, 3) arbustivo/arbórea e 4) arbórea. Esta última com elementos de vegetação similares à vegetação original da área (Caatinga, em transição com floresta decídua). A riqueza de besouros não foi estatisticamente diferente nos três ambientes estruturalmente mais simples, e tanto a composição quanto a estrutura de abundância das comunidades dos quatro sítios foram muito semelhantes. A estrutura de guildas mudou em número e proporção de espécies, com aumento no número de “escavadores” com o aumento na complexidade estrutural da vegetação, cujos efeitos positivos / negativos sobre a composição e estrutura da comunidade de besouros foi relacionado à interferência sobre a disseminação de plumas de odor ou manutenção de fontes de recursos (vertebrados). A organização da estrutura funcional da comunidade de besouros deve ser relacionada ao tempo necessário para o estabelecimento de conexões ecológicas complexas.O presente trabalho refere-se ao estudo de colonização de quatro fisionomias de vegetação consideradas como estágios sucessionais, em Feira de Santana, Brasil, por besouros Scarabaeidae. Os quatro ambientes possuem estruturas: 1) herbácea, 2) herbácea/arbustiva, 3) arbustivo/arbórea e 4) arbórea. Esta última com elementos de vegetação similares à vegetação original da área (Caatinga, em transição com floresta decídua). A riqueza de besouros não foi estatisticamente diferente nos três ambientes estruturalmente mais simples, e tanto a composição quanto a estrutura de abundância das comunidades dos quatro sítios foram muito semelhantes. A estrutura de guildas mudou em número e proporção de espécies, com aumento no número de “escavadores” com o aumento na complexidade estrutural da vegetação, cujos efeitos positivos / negativos sobre a composição e estrutura da comunidade de besouros foi relacionado à interferência sobre a disseminação de plumas de odor ou manutenção de fontes de recursos (vertebrados). A organização da estrutura funcional da comunidade de besouros deve ser relacionada ao tempo necessário para o estabelecimento de conexões ecológicas complexas