296 research outputs found

    Functional Materials for Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

    Get PDF
    A review on the analysis of characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) is provided. DSSC design, materials that are used for the manufacture of functional layers and the characteristics of elements depending on their properties are analyzed. The basic disadvantages DSSC, the factors leading to their appearance, as well as solutions to eliminate or reduce the impact of these factors are revealed

    ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ мягких Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ: ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ исслСдованиС

    Get PDF
    Background. Protection against microbial colonization of surface fixators for metal osteosynthesis can reduce the number of infectious complications. The aim of the study was to experimentally assess early perifocal tissue reactions to metal implants with a composite antibacterial coating under microbial load. Methods. Fragments of steel pins for osteosynthesis (diameter 1 mm) with a four-component antibacterial coating based on polylactide, polyurethane, ciprofloxacin and silver nanoparticles were contaminated by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) 43431. They were implanted in rats within the quadriceps femoris. Contaminated uncoated pins were used as a control. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment on the 2nd, 4th, 7th day after implantation. Histopathological specimens from tissue around implants were prepared. A semiquantitative assessment of reactions was performed. Results. The microbial load before implantation was (1.120.26)106 S. aureus cells for the control implants and (0.860.31)106 cells for implants with antibacterial coating. Tissue inflammatory reactions on the second day of implantation were equally evident in the control and investigated groups. There was a significant reduction in the number of immune cells and necrotic detritus, as well as increased growth of connective tissue and neoangiogenesis in the experimental group by the 4th day. The appearance of a less pronounced well-vascularized fibrous capsule around the experimental implants was noted by the 7th day. It indicates a more favorable healing of soft tissues in comparison with the control. Conclusion. Weak morphological manifestations of tissue reactions in response to the fitting of contaminated implants with an antibacterial coating can be associated with both the direct antimicrobial effect of the coating components and the anti-inflammatory activity of silver nanoparticles and ciprofloxacin included in its composition.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Π—Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π° ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ повСрхности фиксаторов для мСталлоостСосинтСза способна ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ количСство ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ослоТнСний. ЦСль исслСдования ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ„ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° мСталличСскиС ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ с ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² условиях ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π€Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… спиц для остСосинтСза Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ 1 ΠΌΠΌ с нанСсСнным Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° основС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡƒΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½Π°, ципрофлоксацина ΠΈ наночастиц сСрСбра ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΉ мСтициллинорСзистСнтного S. aureus (MRSA) 43431 ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ крысам Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Ρ‰Ρƒ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‹Ρ€Π΅Ρ…Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΡ†Ρ‹ Π±Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π°. Π’ качСствС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ спицы Π±Π΅Π· покрытия. На 2-Π΅, 4-Π΅ ΠΈ 7-Π΅ сут. послС ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· экспСримСнта. Π“ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ патогистологичСскиС ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Выполняли ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠœΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ составляла (1,120,26)106 ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ S. aureus для ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ (0,860,31)106 ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ для ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π’ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Π½Π° 2-Π΅ сут. ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ…. К 4-ΠΌ сут. ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ сниТСниС количСства ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ нСкротичСского Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ усилСниС разрастания ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° Π² ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ΅. К 7-ΠΌ сут. ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ появлСниС ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ, Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΎ васкуляризованной Ρ„ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΉ капсулы Π²ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ благоприятноС Π·Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ мягких Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π² сравнСнии с ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ. Π—Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ морфологичСскиС проявлСния Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² с Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ связаны ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ с прямым ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ дСйствиСм ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² покрытия, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ входящих Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ состав наночастиц сСрСбра ΠΈ ципрофлоксацина

    The modulation effect for supersymmetric dark matter detection with asymmetric velocity dispersion

    Full text link
    The detection of the theoretically expected dark matter is central to particle physics cosmology. Current fashionable supersymmetric models provide a natural dark matter candidate which is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). Such models combined with fairly well understood physics like the quark substructure of the nucleon and the nuclear form factor and the spin response function of the nucleus, permit the evaluation of the event rate for LSP-nucleus elastic scattering. The thus obtained event rates are, however, very low or even undetectable. So it is imperative to exploit the modulation effect, i.e. the dependence of the event rate on the earth's annual motion. In this review we study such a modulation effect in directional and undirectional experiments. We calculate both the differential and the total rates using symmetric as well as asymmetric velocity distributions. We find that in the symmetric case the modulation amplitude is small, less than 0.07. There exist, however, regions of the phase space and experimental conditions such that the effect can become larger. The inclusion of asymmetry, with a realistic enhanced velocity dispersion in the galactocentric direction, yields the bonus of an enhanced modulation effect, with an amplitude which for certain parameters can become as large as 0.46.Comment: 35 LATEX pages, 7 Tables, 8 PostScript Figures include

    ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΎΡΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΠΈ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π² экспСримСнтС с 520-суточной изоляциСй

    Get PDF
    Purpose of the study was to track permanent proteins of urine proteome in the 520-day isolation experiment at the IBMP Ground-Based Test Facility with controlled environmental parameters. Object of the investigation was urine sampled from 6 normal male subjects at the age of 25 to 37 years. Second morning aliquots were gathered during baseline data collection, on days 50, 93, 124, 153, 180, 251, 274, 303, 330, 371, 400 and 427 of isolation, and in 7 days after its completion. Samples were subject to chromatography-mass spectrometry; results were analyzed with the help of bioinformatics resources. The following 7 permanent proteins were observed in urine over the entire length of the investigation: epidermal growth factor, polymer immunoglobulin receptor, plasma serine protease inhibitor, protein AMBP, keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1, collagen alpha-1 (vi) chain, serum albumin

    Measurement of RudsR_{\text{uds}} and RR between 3.12 and 3.72 GeV at the KEDR detector

    Get PDF
    Using the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e+eβˆ’e^+e^- collider, we have measured the values of RudsR_{\text{uds}} and RR at seven points of the center-of-mass energy between 3.12 and 3.72 GeV. The total achieved accuracy is about or better than 3.3%3.3\% at most of energy points with a systematic uncertainty of about 2.1%2.1\%. At the moment it is the most accurate measurement of R(s)R(s) in this energy range

    New precise determination of the \tau lepton mass at KEDR detector

    Full text link
    The status of the experiment on the precise Ο„\tau lepton mass measurement running at the VEPP-4M collider with the KEDR detector is reported. The mass value is evaluated from the Ο„+Ο„βˆ’\tau^+\tau^- cross section behaviour around the production threshold. The preliminary result based on 6.7 pbβˆ’1^{-1} of data is mΟ„=1776.80βˆ’0.23+0.25Β±0.15m_{\tau}=1776.80^{+0.25}_{-0.23} \pm 0.15 MeV. Using 0.8 pbβˆ’1^{-1} of data collected at the Οˆβ€²\psi' peak the preliminary result is also obtained: Ξ“eeBττ(Οˆβ€²)=7.2Β±2.1\Gamma_{ee}B_{\tau\tau}(\psi') = 7.2 \pm 2.1 eV.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures; The 9th International Workshop on Tau-Lepton Physics, Tau0

    Measurement of \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->e^+e^-) and \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->\mu^+\mu^-)

    Get PDF
    The products of the electron width of the J/\psi meson and the branching fraction of its decays to the lepton pairs were measured using data from the KEDR experiment at the VEPP-4M electron-positron collider. The results are \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->e^+e^-)=(0.3323\pm0.0064\pm0.0048) keV, \Gamma_{ee}(J/\psi)*Br(J/\psi->\mu^+\mu^-)=(0.3318\pm0.0052\pm0.0063) keV. Their combinations \Gamma_{ee}\times(\Gamma_{ee}+\Gamma_{\mu\mu})/\Gamma=(0.6641\pm0.0082\pm0.0100) keV, \Gamma_{ee}/\Gamma_{\mu\mu}=1.002\pm0.021\pm0.013 can be used to improve theaccuracy of the leptonic and full widths and test leptonic universality. Assuming e\mu universality and using the world average value of the lepton branching fraction, we also determine the leptonic \Gamma_{ll}=5.59\pm0.12 keV and total \Gamma=94.1\pm2.7 keV widths of the J/\psi meson.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

    Search for narrow resonances in e+ e- annihilation between 1.85 and 3.1 GeV with the KEDR Detector

    Full text link
    We report results of a search for narrow resonances in e+ e- annihilation at center-of-mass energies between 1.85 and 3.1 GeV performed with the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e+ e- collider. The upper limit on the leptonic width of a narrow resonance Gamma(R -> ee) Br(R -> hadr) < 120 eV has been obtained (at 90 % C.L.)

    Measurement of main parameters of the \psi(2S) resonance

    Get PDF
    A high-precision determination of the main parameters of the \psi(2S) resonance has been performed with the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e^{+}e^{-} collider in three scans of the \psi(2S) -- \psi(3770) energy range. Fitting the energy dependence of the multihadron cross section in the vicinity of the \psi(2S) we obtained the mass value M = 3686.114 +- 0.007 +- 0.011 ^{+0.002}_{-0.012} MeV and the product of the electron partial width by the branching fraction into hadrons \Gamma_{ee}*B_{h} = 2.233 +- 0.015 +- 0.037 +- 0.020 keV. The third error quoted is an estimate of the model dependence of the result due to assumptions on the interference effects in the cross section of the single-photon e^{+}e^{-} annihilation to hadrons explicitly considered in this work. Implicitly, the same assumptions were employed to obtain the charmonium leptonic width and the absolute branching fractions in many experiments. Using the result presented and the world average values of the electron and hadron branching fractions, one obtains the electron partial width and the total width of the \psi(2S): \Gamma_{ee} =2.282 +- 0.015 +- 0.038 +- 0.021 keV, \Gamma = 296 +- 2 +- 8 +- 3 keV. These results are consistent with and more than two times more precise than any of the previous experiments
    • …
    corecore