Lifting QBF Resolution Calculi to DQBF

We examine the existing resolution systems for quantified Boolean formulas (QBF) and answer the question which of these calculi can be lifted to the more powerful Dependency QBFs (DQBF). An interesting picture emerges: While for QBF we have the strict chain of proof systems Q-Res < IR-calc < IRM-calc, the situation is quite different in DQBF. Q-Res and likewise universal resolution are too weak: they are not complete. IR-calc has the right strength: it is sound and complete. IRM-calc is too strong: it is not sound any more, and the same applies to long-distance resolution. Conceptually, we use the relation of DQBF to EPR and explain our new DQBF calculus based on IR-calc as a subsystem of first-order resolutio

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОНЯТИЯ И СУЩНОСТЬ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

Investment activity is an important component in the successful development of the company in many ways it achieves its objectives, in particular, to increase the company’s revenue, and therefore, the budget of the country and the population. Therefore, the creation of optimalconditions for investment activities is a major factor of economic growth. In this paper, the notion of investment, are different definitions of the term, a classification of investments by various characteristics, the characteristic of investment companies.Инвестиционная деятельность является важным компонентом успешного развития предприятия, она во многом обеспечивает достижение поставленных целей, в частности, увеличения доходов предприятия, а, следовательно, бюджета страны и населения. Поэтому создание оптимальных условий осуществления инвестиционной деятельности является основным фактором экономиче-ского роста. В статье определено понятие инвестиций, представлены различные определения данного термина, приведена классификация инвестиций по различным признакам, дана характеристика инвестиционной деятельности предприятия

СТАТЬЯ ОТОЗВАНА: ОЦЕНКИ РИСКОВ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

Retracted articleThe current period of development of the real sector of the Russian economy is characterized by growth in investment activity of industrial enterprises, and in this connection, the importance of research aimed at developing science-based methods of analysis of investment projects intended to implement in the industry. At the same time, because investment decisions involve a high level of risk, an essential requirement for their development is the management of risk in the investment planning. This article examines the nature, methods of assessment and methods of management of investment riskСтатья отозванаТекущий период развития реального сектора российской экономики характеризуется ростом инвестиционной активности промышленных предприятий, и в этой связи возрастает актуальность исследований, направленных на разработку научно обоснованных методик анализа инвестиционных проектов, предназначенных к реализации на промышленных предприятиях. В то же время, поскольку принятие инвестиционных решений сопряжено с высоким уровнем риска, непременным требованием к их разработке является учет факторов риска в ходе инвестиционного проектирования. В данной статье рассматривается сущность, методы оценки и методы управления инвестиционными рискам

Building Strategies into QBF Proofs

Strategy extraction is of great importance for quantified Boolean formulas (QBF), both in solving and proof complexity. So far in the QBF literature, strategy extraction has been algorithmically performed from proofs. Here we devise the first QBF system where (partial) strategies are built into the proof and are piecewise constructed by simple operations along with the derivation. This has several advantages: (1) lines of our calculus have a clear semantic meaning as they are accompanied by semantic objects; (2) partial strategies are represented succinctly (in contrast to some previous approaches); (3) our calculus has strategy extraction by design; and (4) the partial strategies allow new sound inference steps which are disallowed in previous central QBF calculi such as Q-Resolution and long-distance Q-Resolution. The last item (4) allows us to show an exponential separation between our new system and the previously studied reductionless long-distance resolution calculus. Our approach also naturally lifts to dependency QBFs (DQBF), where it yields the first sound and complete CDCL-style calculus for DQBF, thus opening future avenues into CDCL-based DQBF solving

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ И НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ФИНАНСОВОГО ЦЕНТРА КАК ВАЖНОГО ФАКТОРА ИНТЕГРАЦИИ СТРАН СНГ И ЕВРАЗЭС

The process of forming in Moscow a regional (to be in future transformed into a global) international Single Economic Space (SES) financial center should become for the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Euroasian Economic Community (EvrAsES) countries an universal integration instrument to be used to create their common economic and commercial space. The international center along with SES national financial centers will form an internationally competitive polycentric financial network with single institutional (regulatory, law, customs, etc.)agreements. A mechanism should be formed to attract countries outside Customs Union to participate in creation of the international financial center.Формирование в Москве регионального (с последующей трансформацией в глобальный) международного финансового центра Единого Экономического Пространства (ЕЭП) должно стать универсальным инструментом механизма создания общего евроазиатского экономического и торгового пространства, развития интеграционных процессов стран СНГ и Евразийского Экономического Сообщества (ЕврАзЭС). Международный центр и национальные финансовые центры стран ЕЭП образуют конкурентоспособную в международном масштабе полицентрическую сеть финансовых центров, между которыми будут действовать институциональные (регуляторные, правовые и налоговые) соглашения единой финансовой системы. Необходима разработка механизма привлечения к процессу формирования этого центра стран, не входящих в Таможенный Союз

Population of isomers in decay of the giant dipole resonance

The value of an isomeric ratio (IR) in N=81 isotones ($^{137}$Ba, $^{139}$Ce, $^{141}$Nd and $^{143}$Sm) is studied by means of the ($\gamma, n)$ reaction. This quantity measures a probability to populate the isomeric state in respect to the ground state population. In ($\gamma, n)$ reactions, the giant dipole resonance (GDR) is excited and after its decay by a neutron emission, the nucleus has an excitation energy of a few MeV. The forthcoming $\gamma$ decay by direct or cascade transitions deexcites the nucleus into an isomeric or ground state. It has been observed experimentally that the IR for $^{137}$Ba and $^{139}$Ce equals about 0.13 while in two heavier isotones it is even less than half the size. To explain this effect, the structure of the excited states in the energy region up to 6.5 MeV has been calculated within the Quasiparticle Phonon Model. Many states are found connected to the ground and isomeric states by $E1$, $E2$ and $M1$ transitions. The single-particle component of the wave function is responsible for the large values of the transitions. The calculated value of the isomeric ratio is in very good agreement with the experimental data for all isotones. A slightly different value of maximum energy with which the nuclei rest after neutron decay of the GDR is responsible for the reported effect of the A-dependence of the IR.Comment: 16 pages, 4 Fig

Incremental QBF Solving

We consider the problem of incrementally solving a sequence of quantified Boolean formulae (QBF). Incremental solving aims at using information learned from one formula in the process of solving the next formulae in the sequence. Based on a general overview of the problem and related challenges, we present an approach to incremental QBF solving which is application-independent and hence applicable to QBF encodings of arbitrary problems. We implemented this approach in our incremental search-based QBF solver DepQBF and report on implementation details. Experimental results illustrate the potential benefits of incremental solving in QBF-based workflows.Comment: revision (camera-ready, to appear in the proceedings of CP 2014, LNCS, Springer

Hot Pressing of Ho2O3 and Dy2O3 Based Magneto-Optical Ceramics

The paper presents results of a research on fabrication of magneto-optical ceramics based on Ho2O3 and Dy2O3 sesquioxides. The ceramics were made by hot pressing of powders prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. The methods and modes of the powder treatment developed made it possible to significantly increase the thickness of the ceramics without deterioration in optical quality in comparison with the samples obtained by vacuum sintering. The characteristics of the ceramics, such as transmission spectrum, thermal conductivity, linear thermal expansion coefficient, microhardness, elastic modulus, and crack resistance have been investigated. © 2021 The Author(s).The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, research project No. 18-13-00355, https://rscf.ru/en/project/18-13-00355

Entanglement Measures for Single- and Multi-Reference Correlation Effects

Electron correlation effects are essential for an accurate ab initio description of molecules. A quantitative a priori knowledge of the single- or multi-reference nature of electronic structures as well as of the dominant contributions to the correlation energy can facilitate the decision regarding the optimum quantum chemical method of choice. We propose concepts from quantum information theory as orbital entanglement measures that allow us to evaluate the single- and multi-reference character of any molecular structure in a given orbital basis set. By studying these measures we can detect possible artifacts of small active spaces.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА И МАРКЕРЫ НОЧНОЙ ГЕМОДИНАМИКИ ДЛЯ ПЕРСОНИФИЦИРОВАННОЙ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫХ БОЛЕЗНЕЙ У ДЕТЕЙ

Background:  High mortality rates of cardiovascular disease request research revealing risk factors and early markers of cardiovascular dysfunction in children with chronic pathology.Objective:  to reveal the risk factors and early markers of night hemodynamic disorders for the development of personalized cardiovascular disease prevention in children based on the results of the combined daily monitoring of arterial pressure, ECG examination, and analysis of night sleep. Patients and methods:  Parents filled screeningquestionnaire of night sleep before the study onset. Combined monitoring and examination was performed  in 232  children aged 6–17 with different blood pressure disorders using Astrocard НS E2bp (Russia) equipment in the outpatient setting.Results: 24-hour BP monitoring identified arterial hypotension 3.8 times more often than routine ambulance method. 21% of children or every fifth child with hypotension  had night hypertension  associated  with maximum (93%) pathology  of ENT organs  with nasal obstruction. Differentiation of investigated groups by night PP and DBP show these marks of hemodynamics to be really important at the early period of pathology development in children. 62% of children had QT interval with bad adaptation to RR-interval at night. In the group with high BMI we found 1.6 times more often children with height more than 85th percentile of the norm. These children had night diastolic hypotension  5 times more often, children with obesity didn’t have normal 24-hour  BP dynamics, children with high BMI had longer QT-interval at night.Conclusions: We demonstrate the necessity of night sleep hemodynamics investigation in children for personalized cardiovascular disorder prevention. Children of early school age suffering from chronic ENT-pathology with nasal obstruction and/or high BMI, with high BMI, and with height ≥85th percentile of gender-age norm have risk of development of cardiovascular diseases.Обоснование.  Статистика  высокой смертности  от сердечно-сосудистых болезней  диктует  необходимость  поиска факторов  риска и ранних маркеров нарушения функции сердечно-сосудистой системы у детей с хронической патологией. Цель.  По результатам  комбинированного суточного мониторирования артериального  давления  (АД), электрокардиографического  исследования  (ЭКГ) и вопросникам сна изучить факторы  риска и ранние маркеры нарушения ночной гемодинамики с целью  развития  персонифицированной  профилактики  сердечно-сосудистых болезней у детей.Методы. Комбинированное суточное мониторирование АД и ЭКГ проведено 232 детям в возрасте 6–17 лет с различными нарушениями уровня АД с помощью прибора Astrocard НS E2bp (ЗАО «Медитек», Россия) в амбулаторных условиях. Перед исследованием  родителями  заполнялся  оригинальный скрининг-вопросник сна.Результаты. Артериальная гипотензия по результатам суточного мониторирования АД выявляется в 3,8 раза чаще, чем гипертензия, но 21% детей с дневной гипотензией имеют ночную гипертензию на фоне максимальной представленности хронической патологии ЛОР-органов (93 против 61% при гипотензии; р=0,049). Максимальные различия между  группами с различными  нарушениями АД отмечены по ночным пульсовому  (р&lt;0,001)  и диастолическому (p&lt;0,001) АД. У 62% детей из представленной  выборки удлинение интервала  QT на 0,06–0,16 сек выявлено преимущественно ночью, и значимо чаще при гипотензии (р=0,027).  При повышенном индексе массы тела в 1,6 раза чаще выявлялись дети ростом ≥85-го перцентиля нормы (p=0,040). У высоких детей в 5 раз чаще регистрировалась ночная диастолическая  гипотензия (р&lt;0,001), при ожирении — отсутствовала нормальная суточная динамика АД, а при избыточной массе тела  более  выраженно  удлинялся  интервал  QT ночью (p=0,023). Заключение. Факторы риска развития сердечно-сосудистых болезней — хроническая патология ЛОР-органов, а также рост ребенка ≥85го перцентиля половозрастной нормы, особенно при повышенном индексе массы тела. Для персонифицированной профилактики  развития сердечно-сосудистых болезней у детей необходимо исследование ночной гемодинамики