«Having lost his homeland, he gained recognition in a foreign land...». Life and fate of the russian military engineer Vladimir Apollonovich Antonov

Introduction. The article examines the trajectory of the life of a representative of the officer corps of the Russian Imperial Army, military engineer Vladimir Apollonovich Antonov. This choice is explained by the fact that recently the issues of studying the biographies of representatives of Russian emigration have become very relevant.Materials and methods. The authors of the article conducted a microhistoric study of the fate of one of these representatives, which demonstrated both typical and special episodes from his life. The basis of the work was the data of Address calendars and Commemorative books of the Vyatka and Tambov provinces, materials of the State Archive of the Tambov region and the Russian State Military Historical Archive.Results. As a result of studying various sources, it was possible to compile a description of our hero's youthful years during his studies in Tambov. Consider the nuances associated with obtaining a military education, starting service, acquiring the first combat experience and completing training at the military academy. Having studied the documents of the period of the First World War, the authors were able to trace the combat path of Vladimir Apollonovich, who was awarded several awards. During the "troubled" period of the Civil War, it was possible to find out the fact of his participation in the ranks of the white movement and emigration. The apotheosis of the research was the fate of V.A. Antonov abroad, where he was able to realize his vocation and enter the history of the city of Kumanovo. In addition, the result of the work was the clarification of some inaccuracies and errors made earlier in the works of some researchers.Conclusion. Conducting such studies allows us to give an objective assessment of the multifaceted fate of the Russian military emigration, which represented an impressive layer of our compatriots who found themselves in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes

Качество радиолокационной пеленгации при коническом сканировании

Introduction. Conical scanning is applied for optimizing hardware resources in new devices, as well as when upgrading existing systems. All this explains the relevance of studying this type of direction finding systems.Aim. To adjust and complement the known calculation relations for the variance of direction finding results – an indicator of the quality (accuracy) of direction finding, as well as to determine the possibilities of optimizing direction finding and automatic object tracking processes.Materials and methods. Factors limiting the accuracy of direction finding via conical scanning were analyzed using spectral analysis. Mathematical modeling followed by statistical processing of quantitative results makes it possible to determine the conditions under which the influence of certain factors is predominant, as well as the conditions under which adjustment (completion) of the known calculation relations is required. The specified conditions are the errors at which the objects of direction finding are tracked. New calculation relations for the mentioned adjustment were determined by the methods of statistical radio engineering.Results. The validity of the calculation relations found is confirmed by mathematical modeling. Calculations and modeling lead to the need to optimize parameters for automatic object tracking systems.Conclusion. The study shows that, when choosing parameters for auto-tracking systems with conical scanning, it is important to implement object tracking not with minimal, but rather with optimized tracking errors in angular coordinates, which are to be estimated during direction finding. Moreover, the optimized errors (the values of static errors and the most probable values of the dynamic tracking errors) will require adjustment of the known analytical estimates for the variance of the direction finding results – the qualitative indicator of the direction finder (accuracy indicator). The determined analytical relationships allow such an adjustment to be performed, leading to an increased variance estimate by 10 dB.Введение. Коническое сканирование находит применение при экономии аппаратных ресурсов в новой технике и используется во многих системах, модернизация которых проводится в настоящее время. Все это сохраняет актуальность исследований данного средства пеленгации.Цель работы. Коррекция известных расчетных соотношений для дисперсии результатов пеленгации – показателя качества (точности) пеленгации, точнее, дополнение этих соотношений другими, а также определение при этом возможностей оптимизации систем пеленгации и автосопровождения объектов.Материалы и методы. Рассмотрение факторов, ограничивающих точность пеленгации при коническом сканировании, реализуется в статье применением подхода на основе спектрального анализа. Математическое моделирование со статистической обработкой количественных результатов позволяет определить условия, при которых влияние определенных факторов оказывается преобладающим, а также условия, при которых требуется коррекция (дополнение) известных расчетных соотношений. Указанные условия представляют собой значения ошибок, при которых сопровождаются пеленгуемые объекты. Новые расчетные соотношения для упомянутой коррекции определяются методами статистической радиотехники.Результаты. Справедливость найденных расчетных соотношений подтверждается математическим моделированием. Расчеты и моделирование приводят к необходимости оптимизации параметров для систем автосопровождения объектов.Заключение. Проведенное исследование показывает, что при выборе параметров для систем автосопровождения с коническим сканированием целесообразно стремиться к реализации сопровождения объектов не с минимальными, а с оптимизированными ошибками сопровождения по угловым координатам, подлежащими оцениванию при пеленгации. Причем оптимизированные ошибки (значения статических ошибок и наиболее вероятные значения динамических ошибок сопровождения) оказываются такими, при которых требуется коррекция известных аналитических оценок для дисперсии результатов пеленгации – качественного показателя пеленгатора (показателя точности). Найденные аналитические соотношения позволяют выполнить такую коррекцию, что может увеличить оценку дисперсии на 10 дБ

Genome-wide association and meta-analysis in populations from Starr County, Texas, and Mexico City identify type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci and enrichment for expression quantitative trait loci in top signals

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We conducted genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses to identify and characterise risk loci for type 2 diabetes in Mexican-Americans from Starr County, TX, USA. METHOD: Using 1.8 million directly interrogated and imputed genotypes in 837 unrelated type 2 diabetes cases and 436 normoglycaemic controls, we conducted Armitage trend tests. To improve power in this population with high disease rates, we also performed ordinal regression including an intermediate class with impaired fasting glucose and/or glucose tolerance. These analyses were followed by meta-analysis with a study of 967 type 2 diabetes cases and 343 normoglycaemic controls from Mexico City, Mexico. RESULT: The top signals (unadjusted p value <1×10(−5)) included 49 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in eight gene regions (PER3, PARD3B, EPHA4, TOMM7, PTPRD, HNT [also known as RREB1], LOC729993 and IL34) and six intergenic regions. Among these was a missense polymorphism (rs10462020; Gly639Val) in the clock gene PER3, a system recently implicated in diabetes. We also report a second signal (minimum p value 1.52× 10(−6)) within PTPRD, independent of the previously implicated SNP, in a population of Han Chinese. Top meta-analysis signals included known regions HNF1A and KCNQ1. Annotation of top association signals in both studies revealed a marked excess of trans-acting eQTL in both adipose and muscle tissues. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: In the largest study of type 2 diabetes in Mexican populations to date, we identified modest associations of novel and previously reported SNPs. In addition, in our top signals we report significant excess of SNPs that predict transcript levels in muscle and adipose tissues

Population structure, connectivity, and demographic history of an apex marine predator, the bull shark <i>Carcharhinus leucas</i>

Knowledge of population structure, connectivity, and effective population size remains limited for many marine apex predators, including the bull shark Carcharhinus leucas. This large‐bodied coastal shark is distributed worldwide in warm temperate and tropical waters, and uses estuaries and rivers as nurseries. As an apex predator, the bull shark likely plays a vital ecological role within marine food webs, but is at risk due to inshore habitat degradation and various fishing pressures. We investigated the bull shark\u27s global population structure and demographic history by analyzing the genetic diversity of 370 individuals from 11 different locations using 25 microsatellite loci and three mitochondrial genes (CR, nd4, and cytb). Both types of markers revealed clustering between sharks from the Western Atlantic and those from the Western Pacific and the Western Indian Ocean, with no contemporary gene flow. Microsatellite data suggested low differentiation between the Western Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific, but substantial differentiation was found using mitochondrial DNA. Integrating information from both types of markers and using Bayesian computation with a random forest procedure (ABC‐RF), this discordance was found to be due to a complete lack of contemporary gene flow. High genetic connectivity was found both within the Western Indian Ocean and within the Western Pacific. In conclusion, these results suggest important structuring of bull shark populations globally with important gene flow occurring along coastlines, highlighting the need for management and conservation plans on regional scales rather than oceanic basin scale

Hall effect in the vicinity of quantum critical point in Tm1-xYbxB12

The angular, temperature and magnetic field dependences of Hall resistance roH for the rare-earth dodecaboride solid solutions Tm1-xYbxB12 have been studied in a wide vicinity of the quantum critical point (QCP) xC~0.3. The measurements performed in the temperature range 1.9-300 K on high quality single crystals allowed to find out for the first time in these fcc compounds both an appearance of the second harmonic contribution in ro2H at QCP and its enhancement under the Tm to ytterbium substitution and/or with increase of external magnetic field. When the Yb concentration x increases a negative maximum of a significant amplitude was shown to appear on the temperature dependences of Hall coefficient RH(T) for the Tm1-xYbxB12 compounds. Moreover, a complicated activation type behavior of the Hall coefficient is observed at intermediate temperatures for x>0.5 with activation energies Eg~200K and Ea~55-75K in combination with the sign inversion of RH(T) at low temperatures in the coherent regime. The density of states renormalization effects are analyzed within the variation of Yb concentration and the features of the charge transport in various regimes (charge gap formation, intra-gap manybody resonance and coherent regime) are discussed in detail in Tm1-xYbxB12 solid solutions.Comment: 38 pages including 10 figures, 70 reference

Population growth of Mexican free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) predates human agricultural activity

Background Human activities, such as agriculture, hunting, and habitat modification, exert a significant effect on native species. Although many species have suffered population declines, increased population fragmentation, or even extinction in connection with these human impacts, others seem to have benefitted from human modification of their habitat. Here we examine whether population growth in an insectivorous bat (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) can be attributed to the widespread expansion of agriculture in North America following European settlement. Colonies of T. b. mexicana are extremely large (~106 individuals) and, in the modern era, major agricultural insect pests form an important component of their food resource. It is thus hypothesized that the growth of these insectivorous bat populations was coupled to the expansion of agricultural land use in North America over the last few centuries. Results We sequenced one haploid and one autosomal locus to determine the rate and time of onset of population growth in T. b. mexicana. Using an approximate Maximum Likelihood method, we have determined that T. b. mexicana populations began to grow ~220 kya from a relatively small ancestral effective population size before reaching the large effective population size observed today. Conclusions Our analyses reject the hypothesis that T. b. mexicana populations grew in connection with the expansion of human agriculture in North America, and instead suggest that this growth commenced long before the arrival of humans. As T. brasiliensis is a subtropical species, we hypothesize that the observed signals of population growth may instead reflect range expansions of ancestral bat populations from southern glacial refugia during the tail end of the Pleistocene

Inferring the Demographic History of African Farmers and Pygmy Hunter–Gatherers Using a Multilocus Resequencing Data Set

The transition from hunting and gathering to farming involved a major cultural innovation that has spread rapidly over most of the globe in the last ten millennia. In sub-Saharan Africa, hunter–gatherers have begun to shift toward an agriculture-based lifestyle over the last 5,000 years. Only a few populations still base their mode of subsistence on hunting and gathering. The Pygmies are considered to be the largest group of mobile hunter–gatherers of Africa. They dwell in equatorial rainforests and are characterized by their short mean stature. However, little is known about the chronology of the demographic events—size changes, population splits, and gene flow—ultimately giving rise to contemporary Pygmy (Western and Eastern) groups and neighboring agricultural populations. We studied the branching history of Pygmy hunter–gatherers and agricultural populations from Africa and estimated separation times and gene flow between these populations. We resequenced 24 independent noncoding regions across the genome, corresponding to a total of ∼33 kb per individual, in 236 samples from seven Pygmy and five agricultural populations dispersed over the African continent. We used simulation-based inference to identify the historical model best fitting our data. The model identified included the early divergence of the ancestors of Pygmy hunter–gatherers and farming populations ∼60,000 years ago, followed by a split of the Pygmies' ancestors into the Western and Eastern Pygmy groups ∼20,000 years ago. Our findings increase knowledge of the history of the peopling of the African continent in a region lacking archaeological data. An appreciation of the demographic and adaptive history of African populations with different modes of subsistence should improve our understanding of the influence of human lifestyles on genome diversity

Genome-wide association study of Tourette Syndrome

Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a developmental disorder that has one of the highest familial recurrence rates among neuropsychiatric diseases with complex inheritance. However, the identification of definitive TS susceptibility genes remains elusive. Here, we report the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of TS in 1285 cases and 4964 ancestry-matched controls of European ancestry, including two European-derived population isolates, Ashkenazi Jews from North America and Israel, and French Canadians from Quebec, Canada. In a primary meta-analysis of GWAS data from these European ancestry samples, no markers achieved a genome-wide threshold of significance (p<5 × 10−8); the top signal was found in rs7868992 on chromosome 9q32 within COL27A1 (p=1.85 × 10−6). A secondary analysis including an additional 211 cases and 285 controls from two closely-related Latin-American population isolates from the Central Valley of Costa Rica and Antioquia, Colombia also identified rs7868992 as the top signal (p=3.6 × 10−7 for the combined sample of 1496 cases and 5249 controls following imputation with 1000 Genomes data). This study lays the groundwork for the eventual identification of common TS susceptibility variants in larger cohorts and helps to provide a more complete understanding of the full genetic architecture of this disorder

De Haas-van Alphen effect, magnetization, magnetoresistance and magnetostriction of GdB

De Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect measurements were performed on GdB4 single crystal (R300   K/R4.2   K ≈ 12) in AFM state from 1.5 to 4.2 K in magnetic fields up to 14 T. 12 main branches of the oscillations were observed in the frequency range (0.1  ÷  28)  ×  102 T. The angular dependence of the dHvA spectrum suggests a strongly anisotropic Fermi surface. Corresponding cyclotron masses m*c are light, ranging from 0.2 to 0.8m0. We studied additionally the magnetization of GdB4, linear and volume magnetostriction, and magnetoresistance of GdB4 in comparison with the same properties of TmB4 single crystal above 1.5 K in the field of 0  ÷  14 T. At 4.2 K and H ||  ⟨ 110 ⟩  collinear to the GdB4 easy magnetization axis the volume magnetostriction revealed the lattice contraction with the field rise excluding the range of H ≈ (11 ÷ 13) T, where the lattice expansion is accompanied by a sharp magnetization increase due to the destruction of its non-collinear magnetic structure. The magnetostricive behavior in GdB4 and TmB4 is different due to the CEF effect

Dynamic analysis the resource support of industrial enterprises

Изложен авторский подход прогнозирования параметров ресурсного обеспечения предприятия в условиях динамично меняющейся экономической среды. Исследована динамика показателей эластичности факторов производства на основе метода «скользящего окна». На основе экономико-математического моделирования разработан метод управления результирующими показателями производства посредством воздействия на факторы эластичности производства. Сформулированы аспекты практического применения построенной модели.Author's approach to the prediction of the parameters of resource support of enterprise in the conditions of the dynamically changing economic environment. The dynamics of the elasticities of the production factors on the basis of the method of "sliding window". On the basis of economic-mathematical modelling is developed the method of management of the resulting indicators of production by factors elasticity of production. Aspects of practical application of the model constructed