Structural reliability of electrical objects. Theory and examples of solving tasks

Structural reliability of energy objects is one of the most important topics of study in the study of specialty disciplines in the field of Power Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Electromechanics. Students in the specialty "Renewable Energy and High Voltage Engineering and Electrophysics" should have a clear understanding of the nature of structural redundancy issues, be able to evaluate the actual level of reliability through appropriate analysis and know the ways and means of ensuring trouble–free operation of power systems, subsystems and objects of renewable energy

Momentum Space Integral Equations for Three Charged Particles: Diagonal Kernels

It has been a long-standing question whether momentum space integral equations of the Faddeev type are applicable to reactions of three charged particles, in particular above the three-body threshold. For, the presence of long-range Coulomb forces has been thought to give rise to such severe singularities in their kernels that the latter may lack the compactness property known to exist in the case of purely short-range interactions. Employing the rigorously equivalent formulation in terms of an effective-two-body theory we have proved in a preceding paper [Phys. Rev. C {\bf 61}, 064006 (2000)] that, for all energies, the nondiagonal kernels occurring in the integral equations which determine the transition amplitudes for all binary collision processes, possess on and off the energy shell only integrable singularities, provided all three particles have charges of the same sign, i.e., all Coulomb interactions are repulsive. In the present paper we prove that, for particles with charges of equal sign, the diagonal kernels, in contrast, possess one, but only one, nonintegrable singularity. The latter can, however, be isolated explicitly and dealt with in a well-defined manner. Taken together these results imply that modified integral equations can be formulated, with kernels that become compact after a few iterations. This concludes the proof that standard solution methods can be used for the calculation of all binary (i.e., (in-)elastic and rearrangement) amplitudes by means of momentum space integral equations of the effective-two-body type.Comment: 36 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Long-range behavior of the optical potential for the elastic scattering of charged composite particles

The asymptotic behavior of the optical potential, describing elastic scattering of a charged particle $\alpha$ off a bound state of two charged, or one charged and one neutral, particles at small momentum transfer $\Delta_{\alpha}$ or equivalently at large intercluster distance $\rho_{\alpha}$, is investigated within the framework of the exact three-body theory. For the three-charged-particle Green function that occurs in the exact expression for the optical potential, a recently derived expression, which is appropriate for the asymptotic region under consideration, is used. We find that for arbitrary values of the energy parameter the non-static part of the optical potential behaves for $\Delta_{\alpha} \rightarrow 0$ as $C_{1}\Delta_{\alpha} + o\,(\Delta_{\alpha})$. From this we derive for the Fourier transform of its on-shell restriction for $\rho_{\alpha} \rightarrow \infty$ the behavior $-a/2\rho_{\alpha}^4 + o\,(1/\rho_{\alpha}^4)$, i.e., dipole or quadrupole terms do not occur in the coordinate-space asymptotics. This result corroborates the standard one, which is obtained by perturbative methods. The general, energy-dependent expression for the dynamic polarisability $C_{1}$ is derived; on the energy shell it reduces to the conventional polarisability $a$ which is independent of the energy. We emphasize that the present derivation is {\em non-perturbative}, i.e., it does not make use of adiabatic or similar approximations, and is valid for energies {\em below as well as above the three-body dissociation threshold}.Comment: 35 pages, no figures, revte

Safety of parapulmonal application of xenon in the experiment

Pain syndrome is the most common reason for patients to seek medical care, the importance of which is steadily increasing in the structure of the total incidence. To optimize costs and ensure high-quality treatment of patients with chronic pain syndrome it is necessary to study existing drugs and methods and introduce new ones. Based on theoretical data on the use of inert gases in medicine, a hypothesis was put forward that xenon could have a pronounced analgesic effect when administered subcutaneously. This study is aimed at confirming the safety of xenon in parapulmonary administration to rats

Investigação do efeito reparador do gel de ectoína em modelo de queima térmica

Due to the ability to create complexes of water molecules on the surface of the mucous membrane, ectoine is a promising compound for the treatment of burns. In male rats (n=30), 2 thermal burns were counteracted under counter-anesthesia, one of which was treated by topical application of the test drugs for 7 days, and the other served as a control. On the 8th day, skin samples in the area of the burn were taken for morphological examination. Histological sections were then scored by independent experts. The best histological picture of thermally damaged tissues was demonstrated by animals receiving ectoine. A less significant, but pronounced reparative effect was observed in histological samples of the actovegin group. The least significant reparative effect was demonstrated by contractubex. Ectoine improved the histological picture, improved repair and reduced the inflammatory response of the tissues and can be recommended for further preclinical studies as a treatment for burns.Debido a la capacidad de crear complejos de moléculas de agua en la superficie de la membrana mucosa, la ectoina es un compuesto prometedor para el tratamiento de las quemaduras. En ratas macho (n = 30), 2 quemaduras térmicas se contrarrestaron con contraestesia, una de las cuales se trató mediante la aplicación tópica de los fármacos de prueba durante 7 días, y la otra sirvió como control. En el octavo día, se tomaron muestras de piel en el área de la quemadura para un examen morfológico. Las secciones histológicas fueron calificadas por expertos independientes. El mejor cuadro histológico de los tejidos dañados térmicamente fue demostrado por los animales que recibieron ectoína. Se observó un efecto reparador menos significativo, pero pronunciado en muestras histológicas del grupo actovegin. El efecto reparador menos significativo fue demostrado por contractubex. Ectoine mejoró el cuadro histológico, mejoró la reparación y redujo la respuesta inflamatoria de los tejidos y puede recomendarse para estudios preclínicos adicionales como tratamiento para las quemaduras.Devido à capacidade de criar complexos de moléculas de água na superfície da membrana mucosa, a ectoína é um composto promissor para o tratamento de queimaduras. Em ratos machos (n = 30), duas queimaduras térmicas foram combatidas sob anestesia, uma das quais foi tratada por aplicação tópica das drogas de teste por 7 dias, e a outra serviu como controle. No oitavo dia, amostras de pele na área da queimadura foram retiradas para exame morfológico. As secções histológicas foram então classificadas por especialistas independentes. O melhor quadro histológico dos tecidos termicamente lesados foi demonstrado pelos animais que receberam ectoína. Um efeito reparador menos significativo, mas pronunciado, foi observado em amostras histológicas do grupo da actovegina. O efeito reparador menos significativo foi demonstrado pelo contratoubex. Ectoine melhorou o quadro histológico, melhorou o reparo e reduziu a resposta inflamatória dos tecidos e pode ser recomendado para estudos pré-clínicos adicionais como tratamento para queimaduras

Diversity of new Russian bread wheat cultivars according to leaf rust resistance genes

Background. Cultivation of resistant cultivars is an effective method of wheat protection against leaf rust. The purpose of this work was to characterize the juvenile leaf rust resistance of bread wheat cultivars listed in the State Register for Selection Achievements in 2021 and identify their Lr genes using molecular markers.Materials and methods. The material included 18 cultivars of winter bread wheat and nine spring ones. Juvenile resistance in the seedling phase was assessed with two test clones (kLr9 и kLr19) and the Krasnodar population of Puccinia triticina Erikss. Molecular markers were used to identify 18 Lr genes.Results and discussion. A high level of resistance (score 0 or 0;) was shown by cvs. ‘Khamdan’, ‘Sharm’ and ‘Omskaya 44’; moderate resistance (score 2, 2+) by ‘Albidum 2030’. Reactions of ‘Polina’, ‘Rossyp’, ‘Status’, ‘Balkysh’ and ‘Bogema’ were variable. The studied cultivars did not contain juvenile genes Lr9, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28, Lr29, Lr39, Lr47 or Lr66 and adult plant resistance genes Lr21 and Lr35. Markers of identifiable genes were not detected in cv. ‘Sharm’, highly resistant to leaf rust. ‘Khamdan’ had an ineffective Lr10 gene and a partial resistance gene Lr34, which offered no protection in the seedling stage. These cultivars seem to contain additional resistance genes. A high level of resistance to leaf rust in ‘Omskaya 44’ is provided by a combination of the Lr19, Lr26, Lr1 and Lr3 genes. In ‘Nemchinovskaya 85’, the partially effective adult plant resistance gene Lr37 was identified. In other tested cultivars, Lr1, Lr3, Lr10, Lr26 and Lr34 were widely represented

Безопасность химиотерапии у больных МЛУ/ШЛУ-ТБ в условиях широкой распространенности ВИЧ-инфекции

The review used 61 literature sources to discuss 13 publications devoted to safety of treatment of HIV-associated drug-resistant tuberculosis using basic and new regimens of chemotherapy. According to the literature, no additive toxic effects were detected during treatment with anti-tuberculosis and antiretroviral drugs. According to the literature data, no additive toxic effect was found during treatment with anti-tuberculosis and antiretroviral drugs. In conditions of high prevalence of HIV, the pharmacovigilance of drug interactions in combination therapy is particularly relevant since HIV can indirectly increase the number of ADRs not only due to cross-toxicity but also severe immunosuppression, development of immune system recovery syndrome, opportunistic infections, a characteristic intoxication syndrome, a low index body weight and individual characteristics of patients in this category.В обзоре использован 61 литературный источник для обсуждения 13 публикаций, посвященных проблеме безопасности лечения ВИЧ-ассоциированного лекарственно-устойчивого туберкулеза с применением базовых и новых режимов химиотерапии. Согласно данным литературы, аддитивного токсического действия на фоне лечения противотуберкулезными и антиретровирусными препаратами не выявлено. В условиях широкой распространенности ВИЧ особо актуальным является фармаконадзор за лекарственным взаимодействием комбинированной терапии, поскольку ВИЧ может косвенно увеличить количество нежелательных реакций (НР) не только из-за перекрестной токсичности, но и выраженной иммуносупрессии, развития синдрома восстановления иммунной системы, оппортунистических инфекций, характерного интоксикационного синдрома, низкого индекса массы тела и индивидуальных особенностей больных