1,644 research outputs found
Factors associated with repetitive violent behavior of psychiatric inpatients.
A small number of psychiatric inpatients displays a large proportion of Violent Behaviors (VB). These can have a major impact on both victims and patients themselves. This study explored personal, situational and institutional risk factors and their combined effects, which could lead to repetitive VB (three or more assaults). Data from 4518 patients, aged 18 to 65, admitted to an acute psychiatric care facility, were included in the analysis. VB, defined as physical aggressions against another person, were assessed by the Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised. 414 VB were reported during the study period, involving 199 patients. 0.75 % of all patients were repetitively violent and committed 43% of all VB. Factors that were linked to repetitive VB were living in sheltered housing before hospitalization, suffering from schizophrenia with substance abuse comorbidity, cumulating hospitalization days and some situational factors, like the fact of being in nursing offices and pharmacies. When all personal, situational and institutional factors were considered together, the combined effects of length of stay and living in sheltered housing increased the risk of repetitive VB. We have identified a small group of vulnerable patients for whom new modalities of inter-institutional networking should be developed to prevent repetitive VB
Fitting in a complex chi^2 landscape using an optimized hypersurface sampling
Fitting a data set with a parametrized model can be seen geometrically as
finding the global minimum of the chi^2 hypersurface, depending on a set of
parameters {P_i}. This is usually done using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm.
The main drawback of this algorithm is that despite of its fast convergence, it
can get stuck if the parameters are not initialized close to the final
solution. We propose a modification of the Metropolis algorithm introducing a
parameter step tuning that optimizes the sampling of parameter space. The
ability of the parameter tuning algorithm together with simulated annealing to
find the global chi^2 hypersurface minimum, jumping across chi^2{P_i} barriers
when necessary, is demonstrated with synthetic functions and with real data
Організаційно-економічні основи розвитку соціальної відповідальності промисловго підприємства
Сучасний етап розвитку суспільства
характеризується суттєвими змінами в усіх сферах соціального та
економічного життя. Довготривалий економічний спад після відновлення
незалежності України обумовив зниження соціальної активності підприємств,
а сучасні кризові тенденції негативно позначаються на виконанні соціальних
функцій державою. Це, поряд з постійними трансформаційними процесами,
призводить до зниження якості життя й негативно впливає на розвиток
економіки. Впровадження принципів соціальної відповідальності в бізнес-
процеси виступає чинником подальшого розвитку підприємства та набуває
першочергового значення при вирішенні ряду соціальних проблем.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1581
High efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA treatment in patients with comorbid migraine and depression: a meta-analysis
Background: Migraine and depression are highly prevalent and partly overlapping disorders that cause strong limitations in daily life. Patients tend to respond poorly to the therapies available for these diseases. OnabotulinumtoxinA has been proven to be an effective treatment for both migraine and depression. While many studies have addressed the effect of onabotulinumtoxinA in migraine or depression separately, a growing body of evidence suggests beneficial effects also for patients comorbid with migraine and depression. The current meta-analysis systematically investigates to what extent onabotulinumtoxinA is efficient in migraineurs with depression. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed based on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from the earliest date till October 30 th, 2020. Mean, standard deviation (SD) and sample size have been used to evaluate improvement in depressive symptoms and migraine using random-effects empirical Bayes model. Results: Our search retrieved 259 studies, eight of which met the inclusion criteria. OnabotulinumtoxinA injections administered to patients with both chronic migraine and major depressive disorder led to mean reduction of -8.94 points (CI [-10.04,-7.84], p < 0.01) in the BDI scale, of -5.90 points (CI [-9.92,-1.88], p < 0.01) in the BDI-II scale and of -6.19 points (CI [-9.52,-2.86], p < 0.01) in the PHQ-9 scale, when evaluating depressive symptoms. In the case of the migraine-related symptoms, we found mean reductions of -4.10 (CI [-7.31,-0.89], p = 0.01) points in the HIT6 scale, -32.05 (CI [-55.96,-8.14], p = 0.01) in the MIDAS scale, -1.7 (CI [-3.27,-0.13], p = 0.03) points in the VAS scale and of -6.27 (CI [-8.48,-4.07], p < 0.01) migraine episodes per month. Comorbid patients showed slightly better improvements in BDI, HIT6 scores and migraine frequency compared to monomorbid patients. The latter group manifested better results in MIDAS and VAS scores. Conclusion: Treatment with onabotulinumtoxinA leads to a significant reduction of disease severity of both chronic migraine and major depressive disorder in patients comorbid with both diseases. Comparative analyses suggest an equivalent strong effect in monomorbid and comorbid patients, with beneficial effects specifically seen for certain migraine features
Nuclear spin structure in dark matter search: The finite momentum transfer limit
Spin-dependent elastic scattering of weakly interacting massive dark matter
particles (WIMP) off nuclei is reviewed. All available, within different
nuclear models, structure functions S(q) for finite momentum transfer (q>0) are
presented. These functions describe the recoil energy dependence of the
differential event rate due to the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon interactions.
This paper, together with the previous paper ``Nuclear spin structure in dark
matter search: The zero momentum transfer limit'', completes our review of the
nuclear spin structure calculations involved in the problem of direct dark
matter search.Comment: 39 pages, 12 figures, a review in revtex
A major electronics upgrade for the H.E.S.S. Cherenkov telescopes 1-4
The High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) is an array of imaging
atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) located in the Khomas Highland in
Namibia. It consists of four 12-m telescopes (CT1-4), which started operations
in 2003, and a 28-m diameter one (CT5), which was brought online in 2012. It is
the only IACT system featuring telescopes of different sizes, which provides
sensitivity for gamma rays across a very wide energy range, from ~30 GeV up to
~100 TeV. Since the camera electronics of CT1-4 are much older than the one of
CT5, an upgrade is being carried out; first deployment was in 2015, full
operation is planned for 2016. The goals of this upgrade are threefold:
reducing the dead time of the cameras, improving the overall performance of the
array and reducing the system failure rate related to aging. Upon completion,
the upgrade will assure the continuous operation of H.E.S.S. at its full
sensitivity until and possibly beyond the advent of CTA. In the design of the
new components, several CTA concepts and technologies were used and are thus
being evaluated in the field: The upgraded read-out electronics is based on the
NECTAR readout chips; the new camera front- and back-end control subsystems are
based on an FPGA and an embedded ARM computer; the communication between
subsystems is based on standard Ethernet technologies. These hardware solutions
offer good performance, robustness and flexibility. The design of the new
cameras is reported here.Comment: Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 30 July-
6 August, 2015, The Hague, The Netherland
The Utility of Physiological Measures in Assessing the Empathic Skills of Incarcerated Violent Offenders.
Since lack of empathy is an important indicator of violent behaviors, researchers need consistent and valid measures. This study evaluated the practical significance of a potential physiological correlate of empathy compared to a traditional self-report questionnaire in 18 male violent offenders and 21 general population controls. Empathy skills were assessed with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) questionnaire. Heart-Rate Variability (HRV) was assessed with an electrocardiogram. The RMSSD (Root Mean Square of the Successive beat-to-beat Differences), an HRV index implicated in social cognition, was calculated. There were no group differences in IRI scores. However, RMSSD was lower in the offender group. Positive correlations between RMSSD and IRI subscales were found for controls only. We conclude that psychometric measures of empathy do not discriminate incarcerated violent offenders, and that the incorporation of psychophysiological measures, such as HRV, could be an avenue for forensic research on empathy to establish translatable evidence-based information
Pulsar Wind Nebula candidates recently discovered by H.E.S.S
H.E.S.S. is currently the most sensitive instrument in the very-high-energy
gamma-ray domain and has revealed many new sources along the Galactic Plane, a
significant fraction of which seems to be associated with energetic pulsars.
HESS J1825-137 and Vela X are considered to be the prototypes of such sources
in which the large VHE nebula results from the whole history of the pulsar wind
and the supernova remnant host, both evolving in a complex interstellar medium.
These nebulae are seen to be offset from the pulsar position and, for HESS
J1825-137, a spectral steepening at increasing distance from the pulsar has
been measured. In this context, updated H.E.S.S. results on two previously
published sources, namely HESS J1809-193 and HESS J1912+101, and preliminary
results on the newly discovered HESS J1356-645, are presented. These extended
VHE sources are thought to be associated with the energetic pulsars PSR
J1809-1917, PSR J1913+1011 and PSR J1357-6429, respectively. Properties of each
source in the VHE regime, together with those measured in the radio and X-ray
domains, are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to Proceedings of "4th Heidelberg
International Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy 2008
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