Технологическое и аппаратурное оформление ферментационного узла процесса получения биопротеина из природного газа

Objectives. To conduct a comparative analysis of the features of a fermentation unit design for obtaining bioprotein from natural gas and determine the main technical and structural solutions used in the development of fermentation apparatus, which vary according to the method of organizing hydraulic and mass transfer processes.Results. An analysis of publications devoted to the problem of developing technological equipment for conducting the process of obtaining a bioprotein from natural gas is presented. Using the comparative analysis, the key features of bioreactors and their internal elements are indicated according to the method of organizing the hydrodynamic regime. The main approaches to the technological development of fermentation units for obtaining bioprotein from natural gas are described and technical solutions used in the implementation of these structures are identified.Conclusions. Fermenter designs for the cultivation of methane-oxidizing microorganisms vary according to the main approaches for implementing the hydraulic regime inside the apparatus. While one class of fermentation systems is based on the principle of volumetric mixing in the working space of the apparatus, with the possibility of including external circulation circuits, additional tanks, and auxiliary bioreactors in the system, the other main class relies on the principle of flow (displacement) in the tube space with subsequent release of the gas phase from the circulating culture liquid.Цели. Провести сравнительный анализ особенностей аппаратурного оформления ферментационного узла процесса получения биопротеина из природного газа. Определить основные технические и конструкционные решения, применяемые при разработке ферментационных аппаратов, различающиеся по способу организации гидравлических и массообменных процессов.Результаты. Проведен анализ литературы, посвященной проблеме разработки технологической аппаратуры для получения биопротеина из природного газа. С использованием метода сравнительного анализа были выявлены ключевые особенности конструкций биореакторов и их внутренних элементов, отличающихся способом организации гидродинамического режима в аппаратах. Описаны различные подходы к разработке оборудования для ферментационного узла процесса получения биопротеина, а также определены основные технические решения, используемые при создании данных конструкций.Выводы. Установлено, что большинство конструкций ферментационных аппаратов, предназначенных для культивирования метанокисляющих микроорганизмов, базируется на реализации гидравлического режима внутри аппарата. Часть ферментационных систем построена на принципе объемного перемешивания в рабочем пространстве аппарата с возможным включением в систему внешних циркуляционных контуров, дополнительных емкостей и вспомогательных биореакторов, другая часть использует принцип движения потока (вытеснения) в трубном пространстве, с последующим выделением газовой фазы из рециркулирующей культуральной жидкости

Action Immersion in the Social and Cultural Environment in the Course of Adult’s Foreign Language Training

Рассматривается проблема вынужденного, а не самоактуализированного обучения иностранному языку студентов, работников образования, представителей практических сфер деятельности. Раскрываются некоторые теоретические и методические возможности преодоления деструктивных проявлений возникшей потребности в результативном обучении иностранному языку. Теоретико-методологические предпосылки обосновываются в контексте анализа гуманистического подхода и деятельностных традиций отечественной психолого-педагогической науки.This article deals with the problem of forced and Self-actualized teaching of a foreign language for students, workers of education and representatives of practical spheres of activity. The authors reveal some theoretical and methodological possibilities to overcome the destructive manifestations of the needs arising in effective foreign language teaching. Theoretical and methodological assumptions are justified in the context of the analysis of humanistic approach and activity theory traditions of Russian psychological and pedagogical science

The Changing Role of Universities in Economic Growth

Social and economic evolution is described by numerous wave and cyclic concepts. Nevertheless, at certain historical periods, societies make great breakthroughs known as technological revolutions. Now we are on the threshold of the fourth industrial revolution characterized by a rapid development of such industries, as robotics, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, brain engineering, and 3D printing. Social and economic development always went in parallel with science. However, the role of science in economic processes has been changing throughout time. The focus of the present research is the university as a key actor of economic change. Historically, it is possible to allocate four types of universities by analogy with four industrial revolutions. Under the conditions of the fourth industrial revolution there is a radical shift in the university model. From R&D and technology transfer universities move to creation of intellectual capital. Universities do not simply conduct R&D for business, but also create essentially new industries. Universities become a centre round which new hi-tech enterprises grow. This phenomenon has been entitled an entrepreneurial university, which is considered to be the main actor of entrepreneurial (startup) economy. The research main objective is identification of key factors in the entrepreneurial university success. The authors analysed the Global University Venturing ranking leading universities. The research is not limited to the quantitative data; qualitative indicators are also of great importance. Various techniques to estimate the university entrepreneurial capacity (Reuters, EULP-Entrepreneurial Universities Leaders Program) have been considered, and their comparative analysis has been conducted. The final model is based both on quantitative or qualitative indicators; the model can be used not only for estimation of entrepreneurial capability, but for the development of university strategy as well

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICACY OF FIXED-DOSE COMBINATIONS OF AMLODIPINE/LISINOPRIL AND BISOPROLOL/HYDROCHLORTHIAZIDE IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION COMBINED WITH OBESITY AND OVERWEIGHT

Aim. To study the characteristics of the daily profile of blood pressure (BP) and heart damage in patients with essential hypertension (HT), depending on the presence of obesity as well as the antihypertensive and organoprotective effects of fixed-dose combinations of amlodipine/lisinopril and bisoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide in hypertensive patients with obesity or overweight.Material and methods. 60 patients with untreated HT, stage II, degree 1-2 (51.7% of men, aged 53.6±0.8 years) were examined. 24-hour BP monitoring and transthoracic echocardiography with calculation of myocardial stiffness parameters were performed in all patients. Hypertensive patients with obesity and overweight were randomized into groups treated with fixed-dose combinations amlodipine/lisinopril (n=25) or bisoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide (n=30). Doses of drugs were titrated until the target BP was achieved. The follow-up was 12 weeks.Results. Patients with HT and obesity (n=28) compared with hypertensive patients without obesity (n=32) had greater systolic BP (SBP) variability at night (p<0.05) and a morning surge in SBP (p<0.01), end systolic volume (p<0.05), systolic volume (p<0.01),right ventricle anterior-posterior dimension (p<0.001), right atrium volume (p<0.01), the thickness of the interventricular septum (p<0.01) and the posterior wall (p<0.001) of the left ventricle (LV), significantly lower LV global longitudinal systolic 2D-strain (p<0.001), coefficient of diastolic and end-systolic LV elastance (p<0.05 for both). At the end of the follow-up period patients in the amlodipine/lisinopril group compared to patients in the bisoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide group had a greater decrease in the mean daily pulse BP (-10.8 vs -5.4 mm Hg, respectively; p<0.05) and variability of SBP in daytime (-2.8±0.8 vs -0.9±0.3 mm Hg, respectively; p<0.05). Only patients in the amlodipine/lisinopril group had a significant decrease in the variability of SBP (from 12.2±0.8 to 10.9±0.5 mm Hg; p<0.05) and diastolic BP (from 9.3±0.5 to 8.4±0.4 mm Hg; p<0.001) at night. Patients in the amlodipine/lisinopril group compared to patients in the bisoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide group had a greater increase in the left atrium strain (p<0.01), 2D-strain of LV and a greater decrease in the LV end diastolic stiffness (-21.39±2.45 vs -3.54±1.57 mm Hg/ml, respectively; p<0.001), the LV end systolic elastance (-16.15±2.14 vs -12.85±1.37 mm Hg/ml, respectively; p<0.05), and LV myocardial mass index (-13.2±0.9 vs -8.4±0.7 g/m2, respectively; p<0.01), the thickness of the interventricular septum and the posterior wall of the LV.Conclusion. Untreated hypertensive obese patients in comparison with hypertensive patients without obesity have higher BP level variability during the night and early morning SBP surge, greater sizes of the heart chambers and LV myocardial wall thickness, higher LV myocardium stiffness. In obese or overweight patients with HT, a fixed-dose combination of amlodipine/lisinopril, compared with the fixed-dose combination of bisoprolol/hydrochlorothiazide, resulted in a more significant decrease in pulse BP and variability of systolic and diastolic BP at night, contributed to a more pronounced improvement in the elastic properties of the left atrium and LV myocardium and decrease in LV hypertrophy

The activity approach as a part of a socializing process in adaptive sports activities

The study and development of the socialization process is a topical problem for science and practice nowadays. The authors present in the article the analysis results of the activity approach as a part of the socializing process in adaptive sports activities. The material is addressed to the factors of social upbringing and the implementation of the goals and objectives of socialization in adaptive sports activities. The paper also contains the study results of socialization of schoolchildren with limited abilities in adaptive sports activities. In addition, the possibilities of sports and the negative impact of sports models on the socialization of children with limited abilities have been analysed in this paper. An integrated model of adaptive-sports extracurricular activities for students with limited abilities, its organization technology has been presented. As a result of the study, it has been proved that adaptive sports activities as an area of self-expression, manifestation and formation of certain abilities, gifts and talent, is an important part of socialization of the student which helps prepare students with limited abilities for life

Analysis of C/E results of fission rate ratio measurements in several fast lead VENUS-F cores

During the GUINEVERE FP6 European project (2006-2011), the zero-power VENUS water-moderated reactor was modified into VENUS-F, a mockup of lead cooled fast spectrum system with solid components that can be operated in both critical and subcritical mode. The Fast Reactor Experiments for hybrid Applications (FREYA) FP7 project was launched in 2011 to support the designs of the MYRRHA Accelerator Driven System (ADS) and the ALFRED Lead Fast Reactor (LFR). Three VENUS-F critical core configurations, simulating the complex MYRRHA core design and one configuration devoted to the LFR ALFRED core conditions were investigated in 2015. The MYRRHA related cores simulated step by step design peculiarities like the BeO reflector and in pile sections. For all of these cores the fuel assemblies were of a simple design consisting of 30 % enriched metallic uranium, lead rodlets to simulate the coolant and Al2O3 rodlets to simulate the oxide fuel. Fission rate ratios of minor actinides such as Np-237, Am-241 as well as Pu-239, Pu-240, Pu-242 and U-238 to U-235 were measured in these VENUS-F critical assemblies with small fission chambers in specially designed locations, to determine the spectral indices in the different neutron spectrum conditions. The measurements have been analyzed using advanced computational tools including deterministic and stochastic codes and different nuclear data sets like JEFF-3.1, JEFF-3.2, ENDF/B7.1, ENDF/B6.8, JENDL-4.0 and TENDL-2014. The analysis of the C/E discrepancies will help to improve the nuclear data in the specific energy region of fast neutron reactor spectra

Biotransformation of fenbendazole in sheep after administration of fenbendazole solid dispersion prepared by mechanochemical technique with arabinogalactane

The purpose of the research is to study the biotransformation of fenbendazole in the body of sheep after administration of fenbendazole solid dispersion (FSD) prepared by mechanochemical technique with arabinogalactan. Materials and methods. The FSD at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg for the active substance was administered orally to sheep. Animal blood serum samples were studied by high performance liquid chromatography / tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-TMS) to determine the concentration of fenbendazole (FBZ) and its sulfoxide and sulfone metabolites at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 33, 48 and 72 hours after administered FSD and initial FBZ (substance). FBZ and its metabolite residual quantity in the organs and tissues of the sheep was determined at 1, 3, 6, 11, and 21 days after the drug administration. The prepared sample and validated method were described. Results and discussion. A significant difference was found in the metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and timing of the FBZ and its metabolite elimination after the base drug (FBZ substance) and FSD were administered to sheep in an equal dose of 2.0 mg/kg for the active substance. FBZ and its metabolites began to be detected in blood serum 2 hours after the FSD and 4 hours after the base FBZ. Pharmacokinetic parameters of FBZ and its metabolites characterize a higher drug concentration in the blood and a longer retention time in the circulation after the FSD as compared with the base drug parameters. The FBZ and its metabolite maximum concentration was found in the organs and tissues of the sheep that received the FSD on day 3 in the liver amount of 4862.3±296.2 ng/g of FBZ; 18243.5±486.1 ng/g of sulfoxide; and 2482.3±132.4 ng/g of sulfone; and tens of times lower concentration after the base FBZ on day 6. FBZ and its metabolites were not detected in the organs and tissues of the sheep on day 16 after the base FBZ, and on day 21 after the FSD

Study of the KMgF3 scintillator radiation damage

Radiation damages of the KMgF3 scintillator have been studied under irradiation with γ-rays. The KMgF3 scintillator radiation resistance is found to be equal to 100 krad. The Na+ impurity is supposed to be responsible for the KMgF3 radiation damage. © 1992

Catalog of dessins d'enfants with \le 4 edges

In this work all the dessins d'enfant with no more than 4 edges are listed and their Belyi pairs are computed. In order to enumerate all dessins the technique of matrix model computations was used. The total number of dessins is 134; among them 77 are spherical, 53 of genus 1 and 4 of genus 2. The orders of automorphism groups of all the dessins are also found. Dessins are listed by the number of edges. Dessins with the same number of edges are ordered lexicographically by their lists of 0-valencies. The corresponding matrix model for any list of 0-valencies is given and computed. Complex matrix models for dessins with 1 -- 3 edges are used. For the dessins with 4 edges we use Hermitian matrix model, correlators for which are computed in [1].Comment: 64 pages, 134 figure