Effets de la couverture des cages flottantes et de la période de distribution de l\'aliment sur la survie et la croissance des alevins du poisson-chat africain Heterobranchus longifilis Valenciennes 1840 en élevage intensif

L\'influence du recouvrement des cages flottantes par des bâches plastiques noires non transparentes et de la période (jour ou nuit) de distribution de l\'aliment sur la survie et la croissance du poisson-chat africain Heterobranchus longifilis a été évaluée. L\'expérience a consisté à observer le jour et la nuit des alevins nourris en quatre repas, dans deux types de cages flottantes : cages couvertes et cages non couvertes. Quelle que soit la période de distribution de l\'aliment, les meilleurs taux de survie ont été observés dans les cages couvertes (73,0 ± 2,6 % le jour et 75,0 ± 1,7 % la nuit contre 64,0 ± 3,5 % le jour et 67,0 ± 2,0 % la nuit). Les poids moyens finaux des poissons enregistrés dans ces cages sont de 16,9 ± 1,9 g le jour et 17,8 ± 1,9 g la nuit. Ces poids sont comparables à ceux observés dans les cages non couvertes avec distribution nocturne de l\'aliment (16,8 ± 1,1 g). Ces résultats montrent qu\'en cages couvertes, la période de distribution de l\'aliment n\'a aucune influence sur la croissance des poissons.The effects of covering the breeding floating cages with a black plastic canvas and the feeding period (day or night) on the survival and growth of the african cat-fish Heterobranchus longifilis have been investigated. Juvenile individuals of this species fed four times during daytime and nighttime were reared in two types of floating cages : covered with black plastic canvas and without any canvas. Whatever the feeding period, the best survival rates were recorded in covered cages (73,0 ± 2,6 % for daytime and 75,0 ± 1,7 % for nighttime, against 64,0 ± 3,5 % for daytime and 67,0 ± 2,0 % for nighttime). In these cages, final mean weights of fishes recorded were 16,9 ± 1,9 g for daytime and 17,8 ± 1,9 g for nighttime. These data were similar to those recorded in non covered floating cage with nighttime feeding. Results suggest that there is no effect of the feeding period on the growth of H. longifilis reared in cages with canvas. Keywords: Heterobranchus longifilis, alevinage, cage flottante, éclairement, horaires de nourrissage./Heterobranchus longifilis, fry rearing, floating cage, light, feeding time.Sciences & Nature Vol. 4 (1) 2007: pp. 85-9

From appraisal to emotion: Differences among unpleasant feelings

Recent research has indicated strong relations between people's appraisals of their circumstances and their emotional states. The present study examined these relations across a range of unpleasant situations in which subjects experienced complex emotional blends. Subjects recalled unpleasant experiences from their pasts that were associated with particular appraisals and described their appraisals and emotions during these experiences. Situations defined by particular appraisals along the human agency or situational control dimensions were reliably associated with different levels of anger, sadness, and guilt, as predicted. However, predicted differences in emotion were not observed for situations selected for appraisals along the certainty or attention dimensions. Most subjects reported experiencing blends of two or more emotions, and correlation/regression analyses indicated that even in the context of these blends, patterns of appraisal similar to those observed previously (Smith & Ellsworth, 1985, 1987) characterized the experience of the individual emotions. The regressions further indicated that appraisals along some dimensions were more important to the experience of particular emotions than were appraisals along other dimensions. These central appraisals are compared with the adaptive functions their associated emotions are believed to serve, and the implications of these findings are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45362/1/11031_2004_Article_BF00993115.pd

Electroweak parameters of the z0 resonance and the standard model

Contains fulltext : 124399.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access