12,626 research outputs found
An efficient protocol to perform genetic traceability of tissue and foods from Geoffroea decorticans
The quality of a DNA isolation method depends, among others, on the target tissue and the metabolites therein. Geoffroea decorticans Burkart (chanar) is a species that has nutritional and pharmacological potential. However, an effective method of DNA extraction capable of facilitating population studies and food genetic traceability has not been studied yet. The objective of the present work was to evaluate four methods of DNA extraction from leaves and chanar-based foods. The methods were evaluated based on yield, DNA purity, and molecular markers. The CCI-P (CTAB/Chloroform-Isoamylalcohol/pellet) method showed the highest yield of DNA obtained from leaves. However, the CPCI-SC (CTAB/Phenol-Chloroform-Isoamylalcohol/silica-column) method was the only one that resulted in acceptable DNA quality with both parameters (A260/A280 and A260/A230). The leaf DNA obtained with this method showed a greater amount of fragments with RAPD, and an acceptable amount of fragments with ISSR. On the other hand, the CCI-P method showed a higher yield of DNA from arrope de chanar (syrup). However, the CPCI-SC method was the only one that had relatively better DNA quality, which allowed the amplification of molecular markers. Regarding chanar flour, the CPCI-SC method showed the highest yield, DNA quality and good amplification with molecular markers. Therefore, the CPCI-SC extraction method is efficient for obtaining DNA from different matrices, and can support studies for a possible designation of origin of chanar-based foods
Incremental and Modular Context-sensitive Analysis
Context-sensitive global analysis of large code bases can be expensive, which
can make its use impractical during software development. However, there are
many situations in which modifications are small and isolated within a few
components, and it is desirable to reuse as much as possible previous analysis
results. This has been achieved to date through incremental global analysis
fixpoint algorithms that achieve cost reductions at fine levels of granularity,
such as changes in program lines. However, these fine-grained techniques are
not directly applicable to modular programs, nor are they designed to take
advantage of modular structures. This paper describes, implements, and
evaluates an algorithm that performs efficient context-sensitive analysis
incrementally on modular partitions of programs. The experimental results show
that the proposed modular algorithm shows significant improvements, in both
time and memory consumption, when compared to existing non-modular, fine-grain
incremental analysis techniques. Furthermore, thanks to the proposed
inter-modular propagation of analysis information, our algorithm also
outperforms traditional modular analysis even when analyzing from scratch.Comment: 56 pages, 27 figures. To be published in Theory and Practice of Logic
Programming. v3 corresponds to the extended version of the ICLP2018 Technical
Communication. v4 is the revised version submitted to Theory and Practice of
Logic Programming. v5 (this one) is the final author version to be published
in TPL
The peculiar molecular envelope around the post-AGB star IRAS 08544--4431
Circumbinary disks have been hypothesized to exist around a number of binary
post-AGB stars. Although most of the circumbinary disks have been inferred
through the near IR excess, a few of them are strong emitters of molecular
emission. Here we present high angular resolution observations of the emission
of CO and its isotopomer CO J=2--1 line from the circumstellar
envelope around the binary post-AGB star IRAS 085444431, which is one of the
most prominent members of this class of objects. We find that the envelope is
resolved in our observations and two separate components can be identified: (a)
a central extended and strong component with very narrow linewidth between 2 -
6 \kms; (b) a weak bipolar outflow with expansion velocity up to 8 \kms. The
central compact component possesses low and variable CO/CO J=2--1
line ratio, indicating optically thick emission of the main isotope. We
estimate a molecular gas mass of 0.0047 M for this component based on
the optically thinner CO J=2--1 line. We discuss the relation of the
molecular envelope and the circumbinary disk inferred from near IR excess and
compare with other known cases where the distribution of molecular gas has been
imaged at high angular resolution.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical
Journa
Urban monuments
Surviving in poverty in an urban environment is hard work. Fear of not having basic needs creates desperation, and not being able to improve upon these conditions can test ones patience and faith in others. The simple routine of daily life can be monumental. Small achievements can be huge moments for some and irrelevant to others. One learns to appreciate and hate what one has. Urban Monuments comes from a struggle to understand what painting is to me and the relationship it has with this idea. Working hard to better ones self or ones situation is a noble cause but it is by no means a guarantee. These urban monuments commemorate the struggle to survive in an unforgiving environment
Water vapor and silicon monoxide maser observations in the protoplanetary nebula OH 231.8+4
OH 231.8+4.2 is a well studied preplanetary nebula (pPN) around a binary
stellar system that shows a remarkable bipolar outflow. To study the structure
and kinematics of the inner 10-80 AU nebular regions we performed
high-resolution observations of the HO 6--5 and SiO
=2, =1--0 maser emissions with the Very Long Baseline Array. The absolute
position of both emission distributions were recovered using the phase
referencing technique, and accurately registered in HST optical images. HO
maser clumps are found to be distributed in two areas of 20 mas in size
spatially displaced by 60 milli-arcseconds along an axis oriented nearly
north-south. SiO masers are tentatively found to be placed between the two
HO maser emitting regions, probably indicating the position of the Mira
component of the system. The SiO maser emission traces an inner equatorial
component with a diameter of 12 AU, probably a disk rotating around the M-type
star. Outwards, we detect in the HO data a pair of polar caps, separated by
80 AU. We believe that the inner regions of the nebula probably have been
altered by the presence of the companion, leading to an equator-to-pole density
contrast that may explain the lack of HO masers and strong SiO maser
emission in the denser, equatorial regions.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, A&A accepte
Behavioural problems during the childhood: theorical approach through a case study
En fænomenologisk og antropologisk analyse af legen som et universelt, eksistentielt rum for mennesket.Presence – An attempt at an easy definition of playIn this article a simple definition of play has been attempted within the framework of phenomenological anthropology. When the process is seen as more serious than the result, we play. When, on the contrary, the result is the more important, we work. To express it in simple formulas in which P is process and R, result:P/R > 1 = Play P/R < 1 = WorkThe definition is discussed in relation to a number of approsing rations which normally provoke reflexive efforts: play vs. seriousness; play vs. labour; play vs. reality; play vs. war; play vs. sport; play vs. ritual; play as symbol and metaphor.Further, the phenomenological concept of play is contrasted to the pedagogical concept, in an analysis of the instrumental use of play vs. play as a meaningful practise in itself.Finally, reference is made to W.H. Auden’s view of the aesthetic process as a dual act involving sin and the search for redemption
A pilot search for mm-wavelength recombination lines from emerging ionized winds in pre-planetary nebulae candidates
We report the results from a pilot search for radio recombination line (RRL)
emission at millimeter wavelengths in a small sample of pre-planetary nebulae
(pPNe) and young PNe (yPNe) with emerging central ionized regions. Observations
of the H30\alpha, H31a, H39a, H41a, H48b, H49b, H51b, and H55g lines at 1 and
3mm have been performed with the IRAM 30 m radio telescope. These lines are
excellent probes of the dense inner (<~150 au) and heavily obscured regions of
these objects, where the yet unknown agents for PN-shaping originate. We
detected mm-RRLs in three objects: CRL 618, MWC 922, and M 2-9. For CRL 618,
the only pPN with previous published detections of H41a, H35a, and H30a
emission, we find significant changes in the line profiles indicating that
current observations are probing regions of the ionized wind with larger
expansion velocities and mass-loss rate than ~29 years ago. In the case of MWC
922, we observe a drastic transition from single-peaked profiles at 3mm to
double-peaked profiles at 1mm, which is consistent with maser amplification of
the highest frequency lines; the observed line profiles are compatible with
rotation and expansion of the ionized gas, probably arranged in a disk+wind
system around a ~5-10 Msun central mass. In M 2-9, the mm-RRL emission appears
to be tracing a recent mass outburst by one of the stars of the central binary
system. We present the results from non-LTE line and continuum radiative
transfer models, which enables us to constrain the structure, kinematics, and
physical conditions (electron temperature and density) of the ionized cores of
our sample. (abridged). We deduce mass-loss rates of ~1e-6-1e-7 Msun/yr, which
are significantly higher than the values adopted by stellar evolution models
currently in use and would result in a transition from the asymptotic giant
branch to the PN phase faster than hitherto assumed.Comment: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics. 28 pages, including figure
Torsion induces Gravity
In this work the Poincare-Chern Simons and Anti de Sitter Chern Simons
gravities are studied. For both a solution that can be casted as a black hole
with manifest torsion is found. Those solutions resemble Schwarzschild and
Schwarzschild-AdS solutions respectively.Comment: 4 pages, RevTe
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